AS Level Edexcel History Spain 1931-33 Revision Notes
South in 1931 North in 1931 The economy of Spain was weak compared to the rest of western Europe in 1931. Over 50% of the population lived off agriculture and in poverty. The rich owned vast areas of land called latifundia that employed impoverished labourers during only sowing and harvesting season – for this reason poverty was, almost all year round, vast. Whilst the entire Spanish economy was still poor there was a thriving coal mining industry in the province of Asturias. Textiles and foreign trade were prominent too in catalonia. Widespread poverty in Spain meant that there was little demand for consumer goods, this prevented development and led to a cycle of poverty. The New republic were troubled from the start. Previous government overspent and, in the late 1920s, left a substantial deficit. The 1929 wall street crash hit Europe badly in the early 1930s. Political culture of Spain before 1931 * Spain had four civil wars 1830-1939 and was deeply politically divided in terms of * Politics * Class * Religion * National Identity * Church sided with the old land-owning aristocracy and wanted to instil traditional values. They saw modernisation as a threat to Spanish tradition and their own power. The church had been part of the crushing of three governments – 1856, 1874 and 1923. * Lack of democractic culture in spain was one reason for the
An inspector calls essay
What is the role of the Inspector in "An Inspector Calls"? "An Inspector Calls" is a play written by J.B Priestly in 1945. The play is set in the factious North Midlands industrial city of Brumley in 1912. During this period a rigid class structure existed provincial England. There was also a massive technological advance in this period. I will also discuss the role of the Inspector in the lives of a rich upper middle class family called the Birling (and Gerald Croft), all of whom are involved - to some degree - in the death of a lower class girl called Eva Smith. I will also discuss the role of the Inspector on the audience who will watch this play and Priestly intension. The play consists of 3 acts, which take place in the dining room of the Birlings family home. Their the Birling's are enjoying a family celebration of their daughter Sheila's engagement when a mysterious chap, Goole, who claims to be a Inspector turns up and starts questing them about a working class women who had just died in the infirmary after drinking some disinfectant! Despite Mr. Birling's smugness about the future, the history of Britain from 1912 onwards was far from trouble-free. The First World War began in the 1914 and the unsinkable ship, the titanic, sank. There were mass unemployment in the depression years and the rise in fascism bought international unrest and bought fear throughout the
Discuss How Miller Presents The Theme Of Greed And Envy within 'The Crucible'.
4th October 2004 Discuss How Miller Presents The Theme Of Greed And Envy within 'The Crucible'. 'The Crucible' was written in 1953 by Arthur Miller in the time of the cold war, although the play was set in 1692. The play is about a town called Salem in America and about the witch-hunts that took place there. Because it was written in this time period there is a feeling of mistrust, greed and envy echoed in the play. Arthur Miller plays on these feelings and produces a theme of greed and envy that is critical to the whole play. I will be discussing this theme further. Miller first introduces the theme of greed and envy by creating many social tensions in Act 1. We can tell there are social tensions because of the way the people speak to each other, such as when Mr Putnam says to Mr Parris '"No witchcraft! Now look you, Mr Parris -"' (Pg 10.) This shows us that Parris and Putnam must have a history between them of unfriendly feelings, as not many people would dare stand up to a minister. This unfriendliness is confirmed by the piece of analytical text Miller has included (pg 11) to help us understand it better. In this piece of text he writes, 'Some time before, Thomas Putnam's brother-in-law, James Bayley, had been turned down as minister of Salem.' This gives us the idea that Putnam is resentful of Mr Parris, because Parris acquired the job Putnam's brother-in-law would
The Assassin lay in wait. She knew what she had to do, where to be, where to hide and at what time. She also knew who the victim was. Now, all she needed to do was wait
Marcus Storey Original Writing The Assassination 02 December 2004 The Assassin lay in wait. She knew what she had to do, where to be, where to hide and at what time. She also knew who the victim was. Now, all she needed to do was wait. She had perched herself in the neighbouring chimney. Her research had been done. The owners of the house were away on holiday. The house was hers. While she waited, the smell in the chimney was pungent. God what had they burnt in here? She could literally taste what had been burning. Pleasant thoughts were trying to take over the smell of the chimney. It was starting to work until her concentration was broken by the sound of a car pulling into a driveway. The target was sighted. No, wait. It was the victim's son. He didn't matter; as long as he kept out of the way he would not fall to the same fate as his father. She thought about how much was staked on her to leave no recognition, to the police, that there had ever been anyone there. She never did of course; she was a professional. Her finger found the trigger of the rifle and gripped tightly. The question was asked to herself as to why she was so worried as to killing her target. She had done it many a time and was the government's first choice to do this assassination. A few cars passed on the dark, lonely road leading up to the driveway that was gloomy in the night sky. She
Memoir. The day I met his love, Daisy Buchanan, all I saw was her sad face filled with beautiful features. However, I must admit I wasnt in the best of moods as I had just woken up from a nap and was quite embarrassed to be caught in the act when Gatsb
The Story of Music A Memoir by Ewing Klipspringer Music is who I have been, who I am, and who I long to be. Music comes to a person in strange ways, sometimes it arrives in the form of a haunting whir of harmonics. But for me, its power resonates through the pauses between notes, the sound that breaks silence, and the moment of reflection in the chaos of life. For me, music came in the form of the instrument of my heart. The piano, a forgotten relic from the previous owners, towered in our sitting room like a sixth member of the family. There she stood, proud and unfaltering in our small dingy shack with creaky floorboards, broken walls, and rats for pets. Yet my parents never sold her. Instead, my brother and I learned to play her; first scales, then Sonatinas our father used to hum while cooking dinner. My mother even made an attempt at cooking tunes, plunking away at the unfaltering grace of chords as I sat under its old wooden frame in the boom of the tingling strings. And somehow, music became our survival, as my brother and I toured around playing duets and cheerful dinner tunes for dimes. After the war, I never went back to that excuse of a home; rather, I ended up at many. I started off playing at small parties where men and women sat in around me with their coffee-cups. I saw them as a circle of ghosts, lifeless and uncaring, sipping oblivion out of delicate china.
William Blake included “The Tyger” in his poetry anthology “Songs of Experience”, whereas “The Lamb” was placed in the anthology “Songs of Innocence”. Compare and contrast these poems, and consider why each was posi
William Blake included "The Tyger" in his poetry anthology "Songs of Experience", whereas "The Lamb" was placed in the anthology "Songs of Innocence". Compare and contrast these poems, and consider why each was positioned in its particular anthology. Born into eighteenth century Victorian England, William Blake was subject to an unstable upbringing into a rapidly changing society. His parents did not accept the traditional teachings and practises of the Church of England; consequently, Blake obtained an obscure view of religion. He led an antisocial childhood, sitting alone reading the Bible, and even claimed to have had visions of angels. In keeping with the rebellious nature of his family, Blake refused to attend school. His disturbed youth is clearly apparent in his poetry; especially apparent in his works "The Tyger" and "The Lamb". In his poetry, Blake challenges the reader to question the establishment and come to their own conclusions about God, creation and life. In 'The Tyger', the six verses of rhyming couplets consist of lines of varying syllables, but with at least one word of over two syllables, create a regular beat, showing the speed and excitement of the creature, creating a passionate, if not urgent tone. The tiger is shown to be powerful and awesome by the poets inclusion of the lines 'Burnt the fire' and 'Twist the sinews' and indeed likens it to something
How far is it accurate to say that significant progress had been made in segregation from 1955 to 1963?
How far is it accurate to say that significant progress had been made in segregation from 1955 to 1963? This period was certainly of prime importance. During this era, the rate of protest versus segregation really began to increase, building on the momentum of the decade before. It was also during this period that tension and resentment grew to the level that lead to the development of more radical organisations, although they did not come to the fore themselves before 1963 - 55 to 63 was mainly characterised by peaceful protest. The highest profile and most remembered of these was in 1955, the Montgomery Bus Boycott - a watershed for the movement, proving that peaceful resistance - especially when the action created economic fallout - could be successful in forcing change. The event also proved that, after the debacle of the ambiguous Brown Vs Board of Education ruling, that a grass roots approach could influence direct change. The story is well versed; the NAACP was looking for an event with which to legitimise a boycott, and it came when Rosa Parks - an NAACP employee herself - was asked to leave her seat for a white man, and refused. After being arrested and fined, Martin Luther King proposed a boycott by all blacks of the city bus transit system, relying instead on carpools to get around, or taxis driven by blacks who modified their fares to be equal to that of a bus
Major innovations in agriculture have always proved to be controversial. With reference to recent changes in agriculture evaluate the validity of this statement.
Major innovations in agriculture have always proved to be controversial. With reference to recent changes in agriculture evaluate the validity of this statement. Innovations in agriculture have rapidly changed the nature of agriculture in all parts of the world. Innovations such as irrigation projects, government schemes and use of mechanism and chemicals have proved to be controversial as there are always negative and positive affects in the area whether it is socially, environmentally and economically. The introduction of Green Revolution in developing countries such as India has transformed agriculture and led to significant increase in agricultural production between 1940s-1960s. The technological use of high yield variations (HYVs) or using seeds with superior genes created by scientist have helped to increase yield production and solved the problem of food shortages. Economically, the Green Revolution also created plenty of jobs not only for agricultural workers but also industrial workers by the creation of lateral facilities such as factories and hydro-electric power stations. Socially, India transformed itself from a starving nation to an exporter of food. This earned admiration for India in the comity of nations, especially in the Third World. However this has put many farmers in debt because they had to purchase HYVs seeds for every growing season, this
Examining the theme of revenge in Hamlet.
Josh Davies 10M. 30/06/02 Examining the theme of revenge in Hamlet. Shakespeare's play Hamlet has 5 acts like most plays of its time. There are 20 scenes in this play, which was first published in 1603. Hamlet is a revenge tragedy. This is a special form of tragedy, which concentrates on the protagonist's pursuit of vengeance against those who have done him wrong. These plays often concentrate on the moral confusion caused by the need to answer evil with evil. These plays often had a ghost who could not rest until their murderer was killed. Shakespeare uses soliloquy to show the audience the characters feelings, motives and decisions. Through soliloquy the theme of revenge and fate of the main characters can be charted. To explain the importance of revenge in the soliloquies I am going to write about the following: the Elizabethan convention of soliloquy and how it has evolved in today's performances, two versions of hamlet, one by Kenneth Branagh and one by Franco Zefferelli, and the way hamlets character is shown through the language of his soliloquies. I will also look at why Shakespeare stops using soliloquy after act 4. I will also make actors note on one of the soliloquies. We are shown through out the play what the characters are thinking by the use of soliloquy. This is a dramatic convention, which allows a character in a play to speak directly to
Symbolism of the Doves
The Symbolism of the Doves in The Time of the Doves In novels, symbolism is often used to enhance the meaning of a story. By using a specific symbol to represent a person, an idea, emotion, or an event, the reader is able to get more out of the true meaning of the work, and perhaps, understand more fully the intent of the author. In the novel The Time of the Doves, written by Mercé Rodoreda, the main symbol is the doves. This symbol is used as a negative representative, mirroring different people, events, and emotions through out the novel. Usually, a symbol is consistent in its meaning, however, in this novel, the meaning changes according to context. The severity of the doves and the situation they represent, and how they affect those around them, increase as the novel progresses. The first time the doves are introduced in the novel was a few months after Quimet and Colemeta had been married. It dove appeared on their balcony with a broken wing, half dead, and bloody. At first, everyone had different reactions to the bird. Quimet was fascinated by it and wanted to keep it. Colometa, saw no harm in it, and nursed the bird back to health. Cintet, wanted to let the bird go, thinking it belonged to a neighbor. Mateu, said the best thing to do to the bird would be to kill it, "that it was better for it to die than to live tied up like a prisoner" (Rodoreda 65).
