English for business
English for Economic Sciences Adriana Vintean Communication is essential to life and imperative if business is to prosper and survive in a competitive environment. It can be: Verbal - the written word Oral - the spoken word Visual - the illustration Numerical - the written and interpreted number Electronic - using a computer Communication should be received and understood so we must ask ourselves not what we want but what the audience wants. The term communication skills covers a number of defferent areas, including: -speaking clearly, fluently, convincigly. -understanding and responding to non verbal communication(body language). -Producing effective written communications, including briefs and presentations. In business life it' s important not only to be efficient and do your job but also to look and sound friendly, confident, sincere and helpful. Poor communication is the cause of all breakdowns in business relationships. When they try to communicate people go through different stages and the lack of care at any of them lead to confusion and wasted time and energy. 1.The need or desire to communicate with someone else- aiming. 2.The translation of internal thoughts and feelings into an external means of transmitting them as a coherent message- encoding. 3.The transmission of the message(spoken, pictorial, written, body language, tone of voice,
Bismillahi Ar-Rahman - The first edition of the book "The Ruling System"
Bismillahi Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem The first edition of the book "The Ruling System" was written in the early 50's of this century. Western culture had a great effect on the minds of the educated sons of the Muslims. One of its effects which dominated their thinking was that Islam is a spiritual religion that does not have a system suitable to solve the problems of life in this age and that there was no ruling system for the state beside that, the State that Islam had was religious and spiritual. Those undertaking the work for Islam used to call for it with general thoughts which were not crystallised. They lacked the clarity to show Islam as a complete system for life, state and society. They used to call for a return to Islam in an open and general manner without them having a clear vision in their minds as to what the systems of Islam were or the manner in which they were going to restore the ruling by Islam. The fact that ruling by what Allah (SWT) has revealed could not be restored without the Khilafah was absent from their Da'wah. That is why establishing the Khilafah and reinstating the ruling by what Allah (SWT) has revealed did not find a place in their program of work. At such a time a structure undertook the study of the situation of the Ummah at her present time and the condition she had reached. And it studied her history and the power and authority she had in the
Chapter Notes on Marketing Management by Philip Kotler 10th Edition
MARKETING MANAGEMENT Chapter 1 Marketing in the 21st century Chapter 2 Building Customer Satisfaction Value and Retention Chapter 3 Winning Markets: Market Oriented Strategic Planning Chapter 4 Gathering Information and measuring market demand Chapter 5 Scanning the Marketing Environment Chapter 6 Analyzing Consumer markets & Buying Behavior Chapter 7 Analyzing Business markets and Business Buying Behavior Chapter 8 Dealing with the Competition Chapter 9 Identifying Market Segments and Selecting Target Markets Chapter 10 Positioning the Market Offering Through the Product Life Cycle Courtesy: Marketing Management by Philip Kotler 10th Edition Chapter 1 Marketing in the 21st century Scope of Marketing Marketing people are involved in 10 types of entities: * Goods like eggs, steel, cars (Maruti!!!! Wow) * Services like airlines, hotels, barbers * Experiences like Walt Disney world's magic kingdom, at planet Hollywood * Events like Olympics, trade shows, sports events * Persons like celebrity marketing by making major film star as brand ambassador etc. * Places like cities, states, nations to attract tourists, factories, company headquarters, and new residents, like we use TAJ or say Nainital * Properties like real state owners market properties or agent markets securities * Organizations thru' Corporate identity ads like by using tag line 'Lets make
General Management - organisation, leadership and theories.
Guga Lucian GENERAL MANAGEMENT 2007 Edituversitatii Transilvania din Brasov ISBN (10) 973-635-852-6; ISBN(13) 978-973-635-852-4 CONTENTS 1. Introduction to management 3 1.1. The definition of management. 3 1.1.1. The four management functions 4 1.1.2. Management types 11 1.1.3. Management skills 14 1.2. Scientific management 22 1.3. The organizational environment 37 1.3.1. The international environment 37 1.3.2. The external environment 39 1.3.3. Internal environment 40 1.4. Managerial ethics 45 1.4.1. Managerial culture influence 45 1.4.2. Ethic codes 46 1.4.3. Managerial responsibility 47 1.4.4. Rules of managerial ethics 50 1.4.5. Types of companies according to managerial ethics 51 2. Managerial goals setting and planning 53 2.1. Overview of goals and plans 53 2.2. Goal characteristics 58 2.3. Develop a career plan 64 2.4. Managerial decision making 67 2.4.1. Management problem 67 2.4.2. Types of decisions and problems 69 2.4.3. Decisions making models 73 3. Organizing 85 3.1. Fundamentals of organizing 85 3.2. Achive strategic objectives 90 3.3. Departmentalization 98 3.4. Innovation and change 108 3.5. The management of investments 120 4. Leadership in organizations 134 4.1. Leading 134 4.1.1. The nature of leadership 134 4.1.2. Concepts of leadership 136 4.1.3. Principles of leadership 137 4.2. How to create leaders 159
Innovation For Business Success. It is possible to be innovative in both large and small companies in Australia, and to derive significant business success from that innovation.
Innovation For Business Success Acknowledgements My sincere gratitude goes to the many people whom I have spoken to and learned from over the past year, on the subject of innovation capability. This clearly includes the many people who are running hard with innovation in our case study set, who gave their time willingly to allow me to interview them and learn how they achieved and sustained their innovation capability. Thanks in particular are due to Michele Hamdorf of GRLmobile, Gus Balbontin of Lonely Planet, Heather Box from Toyota, Daniel Liepnik of Specialty Textiles, Andrew Logan of Newcrest, Tony Ward from Microsoft, Syd Schneider of Stetchtex, Christopher Janssen from GPC Electronics, Phil Butler of Textor, and Steve Plarre from Ferguson Plarre who were my primary contacts and interviewees in the case study companies included in this study. Thanks also to their many colleagues, too numerous to mention, who I was also privileged to talk to and learn from. Your personal innovation efforts and your organisations' achievements in systematic innovation capabilities are in my view nothing short of heroic. These efforts and their outcomes collectively demonstrate and indeed prove that firms in Australia can successfully do more than just be an ordinary source of raw materials for the world, and that even in that endeavour, that innovation can be a real differentiator! You
Security System for Ad-hoc Wireless Networks
Security System for Ad-hoc Wireless Networks based on Generic Secure Objects Matei Ciobanu Morogan 2005 Ph.D. Thesis Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan Submitted as the partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Department of Computer and System Sciences, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Doctoral Dissertation Department of Computer and System Sciences Stockholm University / Royal Institute of Technology ISBN 91-7178-019-X i Abstract As computing devices and wireless connectivity become ubiquitous, new usage scenarios emerge, where wireless communication links between mobile devices are established in an ad-hoc manner. The resulting wireless ad-hoc networks differ from classical computer networks in a number of ways, lack of permanent access to the global network and heterogeneous structure being some of them. Therefore, security services and mechanisms that have been designed for classical computer networks are not always the optimal solution in an ad-hoc network environment. The research is focused on analyzing how standard security services that are available in classical networks can be provided in an ad-hoc wireless network environment. The goal is to design a security system optimized for operation in ad-hoc wireless networks that provides the same security services -
The Prelude to the 1975 War and the Cairo Agreement.
The 1975 - 1990 War The Prelude to the 1975 War and the Cairo Agreement Fouad Shihab became president after Camille Chamoun and although he built up the Lebanese intelligence service, called the Deuxième Bureau, the army was almost ignored and remained powerless, small, and was becoming weaker and weaker as time went on. The army's inactivity continued under Shihab's successor, Charles Helou, who became president in 1964. Helou and his army commander refused to commit Lebanese troops to the June 1967 war as an armitice agreement had been signed between the two countries in 1949 and the Lebanese Army was far too small and weak to get involved. This enraged many Lebanese Muslims as well as Syria, the mortal enemy of Israel. Immediately after the Arab defeat of 1967 Syria started sending Palestinian guerrillas into Lebanon to attack Israel. As soon as the PLO came to Lebanon, the violence that was to destroy the country began. On October 20, 1969 large numbers of Palestinain guerrillas began gathering on the western slopes of Mount Hermon in the Arqub region of Lebanon a few days later on the 29th these Palestinians fired on a Lebanese army patrol which resulted in the deaths of three Lebanese soldiers and the death one guerrilla with two injured. Imediatley Voice of Palestine broadcasts from cairo started to warn the Lebanese not to interfere with Palestinain raids into
Applied Business Studies
In this section of my work, I will be investigating how to start up a business, and looking at flaws in the process of setting it up. As well as looking at the range of problem that may occur along the way, I will be looking at how to keep up with the maintenance of the business, along with its finance and reputation. I will now go on to the process of choosing my business name, and talking about the pro's and con's, and if it would be suitable for the business that I am doing. First off, I need to decide what type of business I am doing, whether it is a hair salon, a football store, or even a café. Initially, I looked at what businesses are already set up in my local area, which is Flintshire. I researched and found out that there are many café's, sport shops, hair salons, and many other retail stores. I need to pick a business where it would be 'unique' and stand out. The business that I have decided to do is a theatre based business, and in the store, it would sell a range of items, which can be props, costumes, different lighting equipment, sound boards and many other items. The reason why I have chosen to do a theatre based business is because I understand a lot about the way theatres work, and I know what a lot of theatres need to do productions. In my business, a customer can either buy or rent certain props, buy different lighting or sound boards, costumes for
American History.
American History . The means and methods and reasons for the founding of the first English colonies - By the sixteenth century, many countries, including Spain, France and the Netherlands, had established colonies in the New World. Until the foundation of Jamestown, however, the English didn't have any successful permanent colonies in North America. - Prior to Jamestown, Sir Walter Raleigh of the Sea Dogs formed a joint stock company and received a charter to found a colony on Roanoke Island in 1584. It failed, and he tried again in 1585 and 1587. Both were failures, and the fate of the 1587 colony remains a mystery (all colonists disappeared). - Anyhow, several factors encouraged the English to try again with Jamestown even after their earlier failures, and motivated people to join the expeditions. These reasons include... "Overcrowding" - England had experienced a dramatic population boom,? resulting in social and economic upheaval (inflation, falling wages, peasants losing their land b/c of the enclosure movement, many homeless people, rapidly growing cities). Competition - The English government was concerned about losing ground in? the competition with the Spanish for overall power and with the Dutch for trading. Since they had colonies, it was only natural that England would want them as well. Religion - This applies more to the prospective colonists than to the?
Business Aims and Objectives.
Business Aims and Objectives Most businesses have aims and objectives about how they are going to make their business successful. Most businesses have different aims and objectives. For example a schools main aim will be getting as many students to a high educational standard. Some businesses may state official aims in a statement that is part of the business's policy. The mission statement of First Direct, the telephone banking arm of HSBC, is to `create harmony between the services it provides and the way people live their lives with simple, straightforward products`. Another example is BUPA, the private health care and insurance company, has a vision statement of `taking care of the lives in our hands. Aims An aim is a goal the business wants to achieve. For example to make a good profit, the business has aims to reach their goals such as expanding or improving their services or quality of goods. All businesses aim to provide goods and/or services, either to their local community or to the wider community. The main aim of every business is to survive. The only way it can do this is to make a profit. Its turnover, the goods or services it sells must be bigger than its operating expenses, or the day to day cost of running the business. These are some examples of aims of a business: * Making a profit * Being environmentally friendly * Improving product
