Presentation On Managing Self-Harm Amongst Mental Health Service Users.
managing self-harm among mental health service users Joy Koroma 1B (Mental Health) Adopting Best Practice Who has come across a service user who has self harmed? The rational in ‘Practice experience’ In all my placements, both mental health and adult, I came across several services users who self harm or had history of self harm. Planning and managing the care of those service users was challenging at times Myths about self harm and at times negative attitudes towards those who self harm My interest is ‘How to effectively manage the care of service users who self harm’ as this may result in reduced suicide rate. Outline of presentation Definition and incidence of self harm Self harm and suicide relationship Risk factors associated with self harm Policies and guidelines on managing self harm Conclusion Self harm Deliberate self harm is any act by an individual with the intent of harming himself or herself physically and which may result in some harm. (Isacsson & Rich, 2001) Generally, individuals who engage in deliberate self harm are in a lot of emotional pain and they do not have healthy methods for coping to manage the pain. (Pearrow, 2004) Methods of self harm 65% more likely to cut themselves. 30% poisoning/overdose More violent & less common methods: Asphyxiation, Hanging, Suffocation Jumping
Nursing Practice Problem and PICOT Question: What effect does health promotion on mental wellbeing have on nurse use of psychiatric service treatment?
Quantitative and Quantitative Studies Name of Student Institutional Affiliation Course Name Professor's Name Due date ________________ Quantitative and Quantitative Studies Nursing Practice Problem and PICOT Question PICOT Question: What effect does health promotion on mental wellbeing have on nurse use of psychiatric service treatment? Population of choice: Nursing staff at the Oklahoma City Hospital Intervention: Promotion of mental wellbeing Control or Comparison group: Nurses that lack awareness on mental heath Objective or Outcome: Advancement of mental wellbeing resources Time: sensitization duration will run from the 26th of April to 19th May, 2021. Background The quantitative study by Tsaras et al. (2018) observed how nursing falls under the category of the most difficult and mentally exhausting careers. It is well accepted that most nurses struggle from stress and anxiety as a result of their jobs. Tsaras et al. (2018) conducted research to identify predictors of medical disorders risk by evaluating the prevalence and associated facets of anxiety and depression of care workers working in public psychiatric facilities. In terms of nursing relevance, identifying main variables that predict depression and anxiety in nurses' psychiatric facilities can help provide a better understanding of their mental well-being processes. It will also be beneficial in
Suicide and depression
Many people, especially young people today believes that they are going through many series of depression although they can not really identify what depression is. A lot of people say that depression is a temporary feeling of sadness. So many people these days say, "I'm depressed", easily during a conversation when they feel sad. Feeling sad is normal for everyone since people can go through events in life that dissatisfies them. However, feeling blue does not mean you are actually suffering from depression. These days, many people who aren't aware of depressions result, pay less attention to it. However, depression is actually a disease just like cancer. Many people believe disease is a condition that occurred from virus, germs or by being a host for parasites. However, the real definition for disease in current days dictionary is "a condition of the living animal or plant body or of one of its parts that impairs normal functioning: sickness, malady - "Webster Online'. Depression is a disease that affects in both physical ways and mental ways. In physical terms, a person can suffer insomnia, oversleeping, fatigue and many others symptoms, and in mental ways, the person can feel guilt, constant sadness, many mistakes, slowed mind, and depending on how the patient reacts to these symptoms, it can also affect social part of health. Even though depression is a dangerous, many
Critically assess the extent to which the medical model of abnormality has successfully explained mental-ill health.
Critically assess the extent to which the medical model of abnormality has successfully explained mental-ill health. (18 Marks) The medical model (sometimes known as the biological model) became most dominant in the middle of the 19th Century, and is still the most dominant model up to date. It was thought that abnormal behaviour came from mental illness caused by organic or physical disorder. This is a biological approach regarding abnormality as an illness or disease. Some mental illnesses have been linked to microorganisms. Barr et al 1990 found there was increased evidence of schizophrenia in children whose mothers had the flu when they were pregnant. This suggests that the cause of mental illness might be a disease. Psychiatrists usually adopt this model as they are trained in medicine having obtained a medical degree. Doctors base their diagnosis on physical symptoms e.g. raised blood pressure. Although many psychological disorders do not have physical basis so psychologists have to base their diagnostic on behaviour, thoughts, and feelings. So they rely upon their interpretation of patient's reports about feelings and behaviour. When doctors use this model it is good because it ignores the question of culture. There is a theory to go with the medical model, which is called the Biochemical Theory, which shows that disorders are now seen to be a consequence of bio
Understanding mental health and the causes of psychopathology as specified by the systemic model.
UNDERSTANDING MENTAL HEALTH AND THE CAUSES OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AS SPECIFIED BY THE SYSTEMIC MODEL To understand how the Systemic Model views the causes of psychopathology one first needs to understand the distinctions between a circular and a linear model: Linearity identifies and implicates a linear cause for abnormal behaviour: X causes Y. Linear causality can be multidimensional, that is to say that more than one cause can be indicated as being responsible for the pathology, however, the relationship between the cause/causes and the abnormal behaviour is not one of reciprocity. This is not the case with circular causality which emphasises the "...reciprocity, recursion and shared responsibility" Becvar & Becvar (1996, p.10) of interactions. Circularity would identify abnormal behaviour as being embedded within the interaction between A and B which can be said to be both cause and effect. The Humanistic and Existential Schools, Psychodynamic and Cognitive-Behavioural Schools all identify a cause for abnormal behaviour. They are therefore all categorised as linear models. At face value it might appear that the Ecosystemic School does not implicate a cause for abnormal behaviour and should thus be seen as a circular model. However, the focus of the Ecosystemic School is on the autonomous formation of meaning rather than on interaction, and, as meanings are structurally
Discuss the concept of Discrimination in relation to physical disability and mental ill health.
Essay: Discuss the concept of Discrimination in relation to physical disability and mental ill health. In this essay an attempt will be made to discuss the concept of discrimination in relation to physical disability and mental ill health. There has been very little research published that in cooperated both disorders. Most information available is regarding the law. The history of mental illness, physical disability and discrimination will be analysed to increase understanding and definitions will be given for each of the terms. The stigma attached to both disorders will also be examined in detail. According to the Law, mental illness is described as physical dysfunction of the brain. This causes a condition which severely impairs, either temporarily or permanently; the mental functioning of a person. Physical disability is a total or partial lost of bodily functions which substantially limit major life activities. The term to 'discriminate' means to distinguish between or to differentiate, positively or negatively, between people or things. Discrimination in the negative form is usually illegal. For example discrimination against people as they belong to a particular group, such as the mentally ill, disabled or those who belong to a different race. Discrimination can be direct or indirect. When a person is treated less favourably as a result of their intellect or
Do you consider that contemporary theories of mental health ignore the cultural values of 'others'?
Do you consider that contemporary theories of mental health ignore the cultural values of 'others'? Word Count: 2509 Interest in the relationship between culture and mental illness is not new (Kluckhohn 1944). However, in recent years, there has been a greater recognition and realization of cultures' influence over individual expression of mental distress, in psychiatric diagnosis and treatment, and in the delivery of mental health care community-wide. It is clear that cultural values shape the way in which mental symptoms are expressed and how individuals and their families respond to such distresses. Thus dictating when a cluster of symptoms and behaviours are labelled 'normal' or 'abnormal'. Cultural values also determine the accessibility and acceptability of mental health services. Consequently, effective mental health care cannot be separated from the cultural context in which the formation and expression of psychiatric distress occurs. Nonetheless, diagnosis of mental illness is still by and large taken from peoples' behaviour, often received via second-hand accounts or self reports of emotional state and cognitive processes, which may be inaccurate. Furthermore, there are very few objective, scientific tests that can be carried out to help with this diagnosis or to monitor treatment effectiveness. Therefore, even though a medical
abnormal psychology/depression
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY PSY 03 WORD COUNT ,730 MAXINE JACKSON APRIL 2008 What is abnormal or normal? Abnormal literally means 'away from the normal'. Although it does not state what normal is. What is meant by normal differs over time and across cultures; it depends, to a certain extent on circumstances. Is something normal because the majority are doing it? During the Second World War thousands of innocent people were murdered in the name of Adolf Hitler. The Nazi's became the majority; however this does not make their behaviour normal. One way to decide what behaviour is normal is to consider how usual it is. In that case then, behaviour that is less common is abnormal. Society has standards to which they expect people to conform, this reflects on how people behave. These standards are classed as normal. Anyone who violates society standards is then abnormal. All societies are different and they expect different behaviour, because of this it is impossible to give a universal meaning of the word abnormal. It is difficult to class a person as abnormal or indeed normal, because of the differences in people to begin with. "A statistical norm is to do with a way of being, a quality or representation that is expressed or understood by many individuals. In other words, it is called average. High intelligence is as abnormal as low intelligence." J Cullberg (2006:09) Not
What are the key elements of a psychological assessment for a mental health problem?"
"What are the key elements of a psychological assessment for a mental health problem?" A psychological assessment is a method of gathering the information required to be able to diagnose someone with a mental health problem, or alternatively to monitor the treatment or progress of someone already diagnosed. To officially assess someone for a particular mental disorder, their behaviour or feelings must correspond to a specified amount of the criteria laid out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition(tm) (DSM-IV). For example, to be diagnosed with a panic disorder the person must experience fear that peaks within 10 minutes and must display 4 of 13 precise symptoms during this time. The DSM is updated as new illnesses are discovered and others dismissed to keep it relevant, such as the DSM-III removed homosexuality as it was no longer considered to be a 'condition'. The DSM-IV added a mulitaxial classification system, where each patient is to be rated on each of the five axes which ensures the person's diagnosis has taken into account many different types of disorders. One key element of psychological assessment is therefore that the data must be collected. It is, however, usually more complicated than simply matching the behaviour with that stated in the DSM-IV as diagnosis cannot be dependant on a matter of opinion. Additionally, sometimes
Mental Retardation
What is Mental Retardation Everyone living in the world has their own unique abilities and character. Nevertheless, there are underprivileged people who are born with one form of disabilities or another. For example, some people are blind or deaf, some are physically handicapped, while others may have inadequate or dawdling mental functions. Mental Retardation (MR), also known as intellectual disability is a condition diagnosed before age 18 that comprises an IQ (intellectual functioning level) below 70-75, and a deficiency of the adaptive skills essential for daily living such as motor skills (manipulation over body movements), cognitive skills (capability to comprehend and deal wisely with circumstances), social skills (interacting with people and learning appropriate social manners), language skills (understanding what others say and to communicate) , self-care and functional academics (reading, writing, basic math). Based on IQ test scores, approximately 3% of the population are considered to have MR. However, if classification is based on the need for support, only 1% of the people are classified as having significant mental limitation. What are the causes of Mental Retardation? Causes of MR can be broken down into categories including infections such as HIV infection or Congenital rubella, chromosomal abnormalities such as down syndrome and Fragile X (single gene
