LEDC Rural Migration
LEDC Rural Migration Monze Depopulation Monze is a small village situated in the South of Zambia in between the capital Lusaka and Livingstone. Monze is experiencing depopulation, especially with young people leaving, due to shortages f land and economic activity. However rural to urban migration hasn't happened recently in the past people have migrated to towns with copper mines and commercial farming. The reserve areas in Monze were intended to by colonial administration. These would provide cheap labour for farms of the European settlers located in areas call crown land. These areas would provide income for African people. Some European settlers kept commercial farming between 200 to 5,000 hectares, however some were sold to African people with sizes of 2 to 25 hectares. However these areas were neglected as mining was seen as the main economic activity development and agriculture was used for cheap food and a source of labour. Another reasons for depopulation was a lack of economic development, as the small farms had little investment resulting in low productivity and therefore low incomes. This has resulted in young people leaving Monze to look for work in commercial farms and mines, resulting in an ageing population. The migrating people also hope of acquiring leases for commercial farms. However many people who are migrating to urban areas will not find employment
Theoretical Analysis of migration
This Theoretical Analysis is concerning a young Guyanese girl who migrated via the United States of America to the United Kingdom. I will endeavour to critically analyse the main issues of Diaspora within this Narrative. This will involve locating the function and influence of diasporas communities in contemporary British society, reflecting on the conditions of living between culture, examining the concepts of identity in diasporas theory, exploring the idea of 'homeland' and 'hostland', describing the relevant issues and events for inclusion in a narrative of migration and last recognise and apply diasporas theory to the account contained in the narrative of migration. I aim to address, by referring to relevant sources, the very complex nature of the West Indian migration in the 1950's and draw upon similarities identified and experienced in the Narrative. I also intend to illustrate the driving forces behind a migrational move to another country, in the case from the Caribbean to the UK, and the actual reality that was received upon arrival. Before even getting into the issues that were faced in the Narrative of Migration, I feel it is important to explain what a Diaspora identity is. In the cases of the narrative it would be a Caribbean Diaspora. Although I will try to define this word, on a more boarder terms it may seem not to cover all of the Caribbean Diasporas in
Labor Migration - Politics and Governance
LABOR MIGRATION POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE BY: JULIUS MARK IBAÑEZ Labor migration has always been an issue. In the Philippines, more and more workers are leaving. And these workers are not just ordinary workers. Most of these are professionals and technical workers. Filipinos leave the country because they want to earn more. However, in the long run, the Philippines is on the losing end, because skills and talents are becoming scarce. Eventually, the Philippines will be left with mostly unskilled and untrained workers. Only the receiving countries and migrants gain. Hence, the labor migration phenomenon creates an inequality among trading nations. Nevertheless, the government cannot force its labor force to stay because the Philippines simply does not have enough money to satisfy them. Therefore, measures should be taken in order to maximize the benefits that are gained from the exchange of migrant labor. If laborers are going to leave anyway, the Philippines might as well make sure that it gets something out of the trade, both in the short and in the long term. I. History 2,500 Filipinos per day. That is the average number of Filipinos who leave the country to seek employment abroad (DOLE, 2002). It illustrates the immense labor exodus that has been happening in the Philippines. "Wages in Manila are barely enough to answer for my family's needs. I must go
Causes and Effects of Migration
Causes and Effects of Internal and External Migration Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. We can divide it into two different parts. Internal migration which is rural(towns) to urban(cities). For example, Oakham to Manchester and external migration also can be said as international migration which is the movement from one country to another. For example, Turks to Germany or Mexicans to USA which I am going to talk about it as we go on. People migrate for two reasons. Firstly, they may wish to get away from the things that they do not like. These are called push factors and include:- * not enough and poorly paid jobs * old and poor quality houses * natural disasters - earthquakes, volcanoes, wars * few oppotunities - shopping centers, cinema, food, schools, hospitals * poor transport Secondly, people are attracted to the things that they do like. These are called pull factors and include:- * more and better paid jobs * new and good quality houses * better education - more oppotunities * improved medical care * better transport Now I am going to talk about the rural-urban migration in Britain. During the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century, many people in Britain were either forced to leave the countryside caused by push factors or attracted to the growing towns caused by the pull factors. Between about 1930 and 1980 there
Analysis Of Brazil's Migration Trends
Analyse Of Brazils Migration Trends The country that I will be analysing for migration trends is Brazil. Brazil is in South America as you can see from the map above. There is a lot of different migration in Brazil. Many different migration schemes are occurring all over the world, things such as. > War > Slave Trade > Jobs > Don't like area > Actors, musicians etc Brazil is a bit different though because it has an overcrowding problem, and the government has it's way of moving people. Here are the different migrations occurring in Brazil today. Urbanisation Urbanisation is when people move from a rural area to an urban area, the economic reasons for this is because there is not many jobs in the rural area. The transportation in Brazil isn't the best so therefore it's harder for them to get into the town. If the people of Brazil move into the urban areas for work the cost of living will be higher but there will be no cost for transportation. The environment in the rural area is much better than in the urban areas as there is more traffic in the urban areas which causes pollution. In the rural areas there are fewer people living so it won't be as crowded, pollution will be lower. People may move to an urban area as they have been promoted and therefore can afford to live in this area and don't anymore need to drive to work or get a bus etc and in the long run
How useful are models when investigating migration?
How useful are models when investigating migration? Joynal Ahmed There are seven types of migration models; they are Ravenstein's model, gravity model, Stouffers model, Lee's model, Zelinsky's model, push-pull model and the stepwise model. In the 1880s Ravenstein put forward 'The Laws of Migration' based on observations of patterns in UK, supplemented date from the US. The laws are: Most migrants travel short distances and their numbers decrease with an increasing distance. Migration occurs in waves, was one group leaves then that space left will be filled up by another group. Emigration is the opposite of immigration. Most migration shows two way movements, as people tend to move in out of region, resulting to net migration flows. The longer the journey of a migrant, the more likely it will be that he/she is heading for a major city. Urban dwellers are less likely to move. Females migrate more than males but less distance. Most migrants follow a step migration, where several small movements from village to major city rather than one large movement. People are leaving rural areas in increasing numbers an example of this is Sakaltutam, Turkey to Pforzheion. People mainly migrate for economic purposes such as jobs; an example of this is the migration of people from Gwynedd to Cardiff in Wales. Most migrants are between 20 and 34. This model is very useful because it helps
Impact of Polish migration to the UK
IMPACTS OF POLISH MIGRATION TO UK Migration has economic, social and political effects on both countries involved, i.e. the home and the host country. Some of these effects are symmetric in the sense that the positive effects for one country are mirrored one-to-one by negative effects on the other. Other impacts of emigration may be beneficial for both countries. It is difficult to find a specific feature of migration that has a negative impact at the same time on both countries, as in this case it would probably did not happen. It is difficult to give accurate figures about the total Polish-origin community in UK. It is estimated that currently it is composed of circa one million, including both those who are settled permanently and those who migrate only a temporary basis. But only around half a million are officially residents registered. Due mainly to personal and family reasons, the majority of the migrants are on a temporary basis. There may be also a difficult distinction between temporary and permanent migration, in general: is a polish emigrant to UK who intends to work in UK until his retirement age, permanent or temporary emigrant? The Polish migration to UK has its origins in the First and Second World War and the disastrous, bloody invasions suffered by Poland from Germany and the Soviet Union, respectively during the XX Century. Reflecting the importance of
Mexico to USA Migration Case Study
MIGRATION GEORGE STANSFIELD CASE STUDY INTRODUCTION Migration is the movement of people from one area to another, be it across the road, or to the other side of the earth. Everyday over 2000 Mexicans try and cross the 2000km border that spans between Mexico and the USA. The immigrants walk for miles to try and illegally enter the country and for many it is a wasted journey as they are returned shortly after by the US border patrol police. The immigrants usually travel in groups of 10 and up, friends and families together as a large group. To try and make the journey easier they will often travel lightly, meaning they carry no heavy, but vital, supplies such as food and water. This often leads to things such as dehydration and death as they cross the hot and dry border. Another way the immigrants will try and gain access is through human smugglers, whereby the immigrants will pay the smugglers large sums of money to smuggle them across the border. Once across the border it's now a game of 'hide and seek' with the immigration officers. After crossing the border without being caught they will usually meet in some form of safe house, usually provided by the human smugglers. Once they are settled they will often rent houses in large groups so that can cut the costs dramatically and easily afford it. They can't stay for long though as eventually they would be caught,
Examine the trends in migration since 1900
Examine the migration trends in the UK since 1900. Most recent definition of migration is the movement of people from one country or region to another in order to settle permanently, it can be inter, within the society, or international. There are two types of migration; immigration – the movement into an area or society, emigration – movement out of an area or society. Net migration is the difference between the numbers immigration and the numbers emigrating, and is expressed as a net increase or not decrease due to migration. From 1900 until the Second World War the largest immigrant group to the UK were the Irish, by 1921 the number of Irish-born in Britain was 523,767. Pull factors for the Irish were mainly economic factors such as; the prospect of comparatively well-paid employment in Britain, letters home from family members who had already emigrated, and hope of owning land to grow a farm was the dream of every Irishman. The biggest push factor was to escape from the great famine which took over in mid 19th century. The Home Office estimated that during the 20th century the population of west coast of Scotland rose by 13 per cent, and population of north-west England rose by almost 20%, from 1900 to 1920. However such high migration rates brought consequences with it. The Irish workers were subject to large amounts of prejudice mainly due to the famine which
Impacts of Migration on Urban Areas.
Impacts of Migration on Urban Areas During the 1990s, more than 70% of the world's population increase is expected to take place in towns and cities - 67 million people every year, equivalent to around four extra cities the size of New York. By the end of the century, nearly half the world's population will live in cities. It was predicted that at the rate of growth occurring at the time that by the turn of the century there would be over 300 cities in developing countries with populations of over one million with two-thirds of the world's urban population situated in developing countries. According to the United Nations Development Programme, 'rural poverty, high fertility and environmental degradation continue to drive some 20 - 30 million of the world's poorest people annually to the towns and cities.' In general, migration is a more important component of urban growth in poorer, less urbanised countries where the nature of the migration process has dramatically increased due to the improvements in transportation. Over recent years many factors have accelerated rural to urban migration. Increasing numbers of people mean there is an increased demand for housing, infrastructure and social services. The result of this is that almost half of the population in many large cities live in slums and squatter settlements usually without running water, toilet or electricity. This
