Can the revolt of 1857 be described as a popular revolt against foreign domination?
Ravie Charles B.A.(Hons) History III St. Stephen's College Q. Can the revolt of 1857 be described as a popular revolt against foreign domination? An uprising is termed as popular on the basis of the degree of participation of the general populace and the geographical extent of spread. In addition, the class/caste/section-wise participation and identification of leadership are also taken into account. In case of the revolt of 1857, all these issues have been subject of contentions, and continuing, debates. Yet another issue of debate is about the identification of the target(s) of revolt. While some scholars see the revolt as an anti-British revolt, others consider it a civil war between the collaborators and resisters of colonial rule. Though the scale and intensity of the revolt of 1857 is generally acknowledged to be much greater than previous revolts, this fact by itself does not prove the popular character of the revolt. There was a significant threat to the British rule in India, when a number of Indian soldiers of the British Indian Army rose in revolt in 1857 against their officers and against the colonial regime in general. This revolt of the soldiers struck a sympathetic chord among many people who had their own reasons to be dissatisfied with the British rule. The revolt of 1857 consisted of both rebellion by the sepoys and the reaction from the sections of the
Choose a comic of my preference and explain why I like it and convince a person to hold my opinion, this was an easy choice.
Comics In American Culture L384 Paper 2 -Maus by Art Spiegelman I have been asked to choose a comic of my preference and explain why I like it and convince a person to hold my opinion, this was an easy choice. Maus is a fantastic representation of an aural history; many people don't appreciate or realize what useful information lies within the heads of the old people we know. Thankfully Art Siegleman did and wrote the master peace that is Maus which later proved to be a huge success; it was a best seller in New York and won the Pulitzer Prize. Maus even though starting out a fictitious peace of work was a great portrayal of the anguish suffered by the Jews in the Holocaust, Spiegelman was not happy that his work was under the fictitious category and rightly so, wanted it changed to fact, this I totally agree with. Many people could not even come to imagine the ordeals and hardships that the Jewish people had to suffer during the Holocaust. Throughout our lives we have read, listened and watched films, that have portrayed an image of the Holocaust in our minds, such fantastic films as "Shlinders List" which have given us a good portrayal of what actually happened, but these secondary presentations do not even come close to experiencing the Holocaust first hand as did Vladek, Art Spiegelman portrays the Holocaust in a very different and original manner. Spielgelman's
Out of the rival political factions in interwar time Albania how were the communist able to take control of the country by 1944? When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, there
Question: Out of the rival political factions in interwar time Albania how were the communist able to take control of the country by 1944? When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, there was no such thing as a structured communist movement in Albania. Yet by November 1944, a mere three years later, the Albanian Communist Party (ACP) led by Enver Hoxha emerged as the rulers of the country. What is even more amazing is that they did so without the military might of the Soviet Union and were able to install a communist run government before the end of World War Two, in contrast to other eastern European communist states. However the path to power was not straightforward, nor without opposition. During the interwar period Albania's communist movement drew few supporters. This was due to the illiterate, agrarian, and Muslim dominated society which was under constant scrutiny by King Zog's security police. In 1930 the Comintern (the soviet sponsored association of international communist parties) sent Ali Kelmendi, an excellent public speaker to Albania to organise some communist cells. However Albania did not have a working class to exploit and the ideology of communism only seemed to appeal to intellectuals, peasants and miners who were not happy with Albania's obsolete social and economic structures. Kelmendi who had been forced to flee Albania eventually
Was the First World War Planned or the result of accident and miscalculation?
WAS THE FIRST WORLD WAR PLANNED OR THE RESULT OF ACCIDENT AND MISCALCULATION? In the immediate view, it seems that there are two main arguments attributed to the origins of the First World War. One is that the war was planned, the other that it occurred due to accident and miscalculation. I aim to give a detailed analysis of these two arguments with the focus being on the main European powers at the time - Germany, Great Britain, France and Russia. It is my view that the First World War was effectively planned, all be it for a later date, and that due to some miscalculations, it was then brought forward so that war would break out in Europe in August 1914. Using sources from various historians, I will argue this point of a planned war blaming it almost solely on the part of the German Empire and bringing in the other side of the argument, that the First World War was the result of accident and miscalculation. The most important idea in the argument that Germany planned the First World War is to be found in the Foreign Policies that she pursued from the late Nineteenth Century to the outbreak of war in 1914. It was the view that no matter how achieved, a German dominated Europe would provide a successful base for the ideal of Weltpolitik. This idea of Weltpolitik was the aim at the head of the hierarchy of German Foreign Policy; it gave the notion of a world mission,
To what extent did Wilson's achievements as PM outweigh his failures between 1963 and 1976?
To what extent did Wilson's achievements as PM outweigh his failures between 1963 and 1976? Introduction To determine the extent of Wilson's achievements compared to his failures I must weigh up his achievements and failures as PM on a personal and professional level. I will define each of his failures and achievements in terms of Wilson's responsibilities as PM, such as, manifesto commitments, modernising the country and in comparison to other administrations or in relation to specific issues. I will also take into account influential factors of the period and weigh up their affect, if any on Wilson's performance as PM. Harold Wilson governed the country from 1964 until 1970 and then again from 1974 until his resignation in 1976. Many liberal policies were introduced during his time in power, including the 1967 Sexual Offences Act, which decriminalised homosexual practices and the 1967 Abortion Act which legalised abortion. However, his government is also remembered for the deteriorating relations with Trade Unions and the huge economic problems, such as rising inflation and low relative growth. Wilson's biggest political achievement was to win four elections after Labour had been in the wilderness for thirteen years "he had achieved something no previous PM had done this century...led four administrations"1 Additionally, an early political achievement was to increase his
the troppau protocol
The Troppau Protocol, November 1820 ) The fifty-odd years after the Napoleonic wars, usually referred to as the "Concert of Europe or the "European Congress System" have been either praised for their stable peace or criticised for their reactionary anti-liberalism. Several arguments have been developed to explain their stability: balance of power, fear of causing revolution, change in preferences and general system legitimacy. The Congress System was an attempt to maintain peace and order through the mixed influence and actions of the major states. Some historians believe that the term 'System' is inaccurate because there was nothing systematic about the meetings and that they were individual responses to crises. Others see the congresses as a significant attempt to resolve tensions. Austria, Britain, Prussia and Russia formed the Quadruple Alliance and agreed to maintain peace. But the major powers had different aims. Austria and Russia were in favour to intervene against revolutions while Britain did not wish to join in internal arguments. Congresses were held to resolve quarrels. At Aix-la-Chapelle, France was allowed to the Quintuple Alliance that was when the occupation of France ended. Only Austria, Prussia and Russia met at St Petersburg in 1825 the last meeting of the Congress, which was an unsuccessful effort to resolve their problems. It was the loss of the
How, and why, were Puritans portrayed on the Elizabethan and Jacobean Stage?
How, and why, were Puritans portrayed on the Elizabethan and Jacobean Stage? In discussing Puritanism in this period we are immediately faced with the problem of definition. 'Puritan' was initially a term of abuse for the militant Protestants who sought further reform within the church. Initially the reformers were strongly influenced by Calvinist doctrines and they called for increased attention to preaching, the study and interpretation of the Bible and the simplification of elaborate rights. The Puritan movement seemed to be one of degrees rather than of type. Within the movement, itself a branch of the Anglican church, could be found people from various classes, ranging from those with Puritan sympathies to the radical reformers. It is seen as a religious and moral temper rather than a structured movement. The attack on the stage was initiated by some of the more militant Puritans, but the rebuttal of the dramatists seemed to treat all Puritans in the same way. The attack on the playhouses began in Elizabeth's reign with Puritans protesting against the building of theatres, although at this point their objections came to nothing. After this many tracts were produced warning about the evil and ungodly teachings of plays. In his Anatomie of Abuses of 1583 Philip Stubbes strongly condemns stage plays.1 He claims that they 'maintaine bawdrie, insinuate foolery, and
BRITISH PRESS
BRITISH PRESS Ventspils Augstskola 999 Table of contents: Introduction ..............................................................3 History ....................................................................3 National papers...........................................................4 Two types of national papers...........................................4 Sunday press..............................................................5 Politics.....................................................................5 Scandal.....................................................................7 Weekly and periodical press............................................7 Local and regional press.................................................8 Freedom of the press.....................................................9 Conclusion ..............................................................10 Introduction. Despite the development of motion pictures early in 20th century, of radio broadcasting in the 1920s, and of television in the 1940s, newspapers remain a major source of information on matters ranging from details of important news events to human-interest stories. British people are reported to be the worlds most dedicated home-video users. But this does not mean that they have given up reading. The British buy more newspapers than any other people except the Swedes
What was the significance of higher education for women
John Bolton, BA(chs) year 3 What was the significance of higher education for women, and why was there so much opposition to it? There are two issues for consideration here. The significance of higher education is that it allowed women access to a wider variety of occupations which were more befitting of skills women were not previously recognised as having. But not only that; it meant narrowing the gap towards equality between the sexes. It gave them recognition of intelligence, and gave them a status in society far grander than ever before. But it also meant they were encroaching, even trespassing, on the male sphere, which was the major opposition for higher education; Sandra Taylor explains that women were consciously contained within certain job categories in order that male jobs would not be threatened (1977). Josephine Butler expounds a reason why women desired higher education, and there is no doubt she can be considered a reliable source; in 1868 she wrote the pamphlet 'The education and employment of women', which presented far more thoughtful and intelligent reasoning and arguments that did many of the supposedly intellectual men of the time, such as Dr. Henry Maudsley in his 1874 article in 'Fortnightly Review' (to which we will come). She was also a key player in the campaign to persuade Cambridge University to provide more opportunities for women students
How far was the church in need of reform during your chosen period of study?
03/04/2001 How far was the church in need of reform during your chosen period of study? During the 15-th and 16-th Century the Roman Catholic Church throughout Europe dominated most aspects of life and government. The clergy published the majority of books that were read therefore they had a strong influence over the religious beliefs and practices of those from higher social classes. Those who could not read where reached through the pulpit at Mass. The Roman Catholic Church also had considerable wealth due to taxes such as the tithe. Power over monarchs could also be asserted as on many occasions the Church had aided bankrupt monarchs. However, due to the wealth and power it had obtained the Church had forgotten its fundamental role for providing spiritual leadership and the pursuit of eternal salvation. An example of this would be the Medici family who provided many Popes. Instead of bestowing proper leadership upon the clergy and their flocks, they promoted their own family interests. The Historian B. Reardon suggests that the Papacy was the central cause for the Reformation in the 16-th Century, they had failed to show proper spiritual and moral leadership. Allowing the spread of incompetence and corruption throughout the rest of the church. Bishops failed to attend their duties in their diocese and were reluctant to fulfil their duty of monitoring their clergy. The
