The treatment of Women in the History of the United States as portrayed American Drama

Jennifer CHUNG Hiu Kei 2005654208 ENGL3032 Advanced Topics in English Studies Title: The treatment of Women in the History of the United States as portrayed American Drama Due Date: 26 May 2008 Professor: Otto Heim Contents . Introduction and Background Page 30 2. Role of Women in American Society Page 13 3. Assimilating as a Woman Page 33 4. Conclusion Page 42 5. Bibliography Page 43 Chapter 1: Introduction and Background Drama is one of the quintessential attributes of English literature and to a certain extent, perhaps one of the more powerful categories as drama has the advantage of extra visuals to connect with the viewers than poetry or novels. With the influential element of props and actions performed with dialogue in scenes and acts, the ending segment of the texts often create a much more personal response among viewers in the form of 'catharsis'. Defined by Aristotle in Poetics at around 350 B.C, he structured tragic plays into four stages: hamartia, hubris, anagnorisis, and lastly catharsis. The first three stages illustrate the tragic hero, who is often the protagonist in the plays, with a flawed personality of some sort which is responsible for their downfall from a high status in their society. Catharsis on the other hand has more to do with the purging of emotions which cause the viewer to experience two particular feelings, pity

  • Word count: 12501
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

Do we have the ability to control our destiny - Death of Salesman.

Do we have the ability to control our destiny? The truth is this, one can set their goals and try to attain them and one can dreams their dreams and try to live them but the difference must be known. The character Willy Loman, in the play Death of A Salesman, seems to be a person who is not aware of the difference in reality and dreams. Willy's choices throughout his life undeniably lead to his own demise. Willy Loman is a tragic hero. His fear is that he wants to be viewed as a good, decent human being. He wants to believe that he's a well-liked, decent person who doesn't make mistakes. The truth is that he makes mistakes, many that haunt him, and that he is human. Willy does not consider this normal and severely regrets such failures such as raising his children poorly, as he sees it, not doing well in business, though he wishes he were, and cheating on his wife Linda, showing her to be a commodity of which he takes advantage. Linda has a true, pure love for her husband. Linda stands behind him through it all, through his dreams and broken promises, she still believes in him. The quality in such plays that does shake us... derives from the underlying fear of being displaced, the disaster inherent in being torn away from our chosen image of what and who we are in the world (Miller, Tragedy...). Willy's underlying fear of being displaced is the real tragedy. He wants to do

  • Word count: 12306
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

The Significance of a Line From Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman

The Significance of a Line From Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman Neelum Raza, Junior "Isn't that remarkable." This single, brief statement may appear to be a trite cliché, yet in Death of a Salesman this favorite exclamation of Willy Loman takes on a much broader meaning. In the early part of the play, however, when Willy makes this remark, the reason is not particularly remarkable, or, if so, only in Willy's terms. Yet, during the course of the action the line develops into a comment on Willy's prosaic and confused mind. To start with, the remarkable aspect of the quote is that Willy Loman utters it when he is faced with an epiphany, a sudden realization. To demonstrate, this line takes on significance in the scene where Willy goes to borrow money from Charley. Willy always thought of Charley as the epitome of what Willie thought he detested. Yet, when Willy realizes that this man whom he had disparaged over the years was, indeed, his only friend, he says in utter amazement, "Isn't that a remarkable thing." As with other utterances, the realization is not remarkable, except that Willy had never been able to see reality long enough to recognize Charley's importance. This single line, then, demonstrates how Willy may finally begin to realize, too late, just how much he is liked. Another realization occurs between Willy and his son, Biff. After an emotional scene in

  • Word count: 11350
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

Arthur Miller’s Death Of A Salesman

Arthur Miller's Death Of A Salesman At the beginning of the play, Arthur Miller establishes Willy Loman as a troubled and misguided man, at heart a salesman and a dreamer with a preoccupation with success. However, Miller makes equally apparent that Willy Loman is no successful man. Although in his sixties, he is still a travelling salesman bereft of any stable location or occupation, and clings only to his dreams and ideals. There is a strong core of resentment within Willy Loman, whose actions assumes a more glorious and idealised past. Willy sentimentalises the neighbourhood as it was years ago, and mourns the days working for Frank Wagner, while his son Howard Wagner fails to appreciate him. Miller presents Willy as a strong and boisterous man with great audacity but little energy to support that impression of vitality. He is perpetually weary and exhibits signs of dementia, contradicting himself within his conversations and showing some memory loss. Linda, in contrast, displays little of the boisterous intensity of Willy. Rather, she is dependable and kind, perpetually attempting to smooth out conflicts that Willy might encounter. Linda has a similar longing for an idealised past, but has learned to suppress her dreams and her dissatisfaction with her husband and sons. Miller indicates that she is a woman with deep regrets about her life; she must continually reconcile

  • Word count: 5853
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

In what ways do the language rituals in "The Homecoming" and "Waiting for Godot" suggest the play wrights' respective perceptions of the human condition?

In what ways do the language rituals in "The Homecoming" and "Waiting for Godot" suggest the playwrights' respective perceptions of the human condition? Introduction The role of language and communication is a central issue in both plays on a purely theatrical level, serving to advance the plot and enhance characterisation, yet it achieves far more than simply forming an entertaining piece of drama. Throughout the plays there are periods where dialogue between the characters manages to display human language's most powerful capabilities, yet others where its shortcomings are dramatically exposed. Behind the conversations, hidden in the silences, both plays offer far more to the audience than can be gathered from the words alone. What is stated, what is implied and what is left unsaid are all of equal importance, as each simple line provokes thoughts on a series of deeper issues. The use of language and language rituals offers an insight into wider thoughts than simply those concerning the characters in the play. Both playwrights' ideas and suggestions concerning the human condition may be interpreted from these rituals; the interaction of the characters and the way they choose to communicate with one another present perceptions of our very existence as human beings. When seeking to compare the ways in which this is achieved by the playwrights, a fundamental difference

  • Word count: 4805
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

The Crucible - character study of Reverend John Hale.

When we first meet or are introduced to Reverend John Hale, we are told that he, Hale is a scholar from Beverly and feels pride in the work he does. He comes to Salem on Reverend Parris' request to investigate the possibility that supernatural causes are causing Betty Parris' suspicious illness. Hale approaches the situation precisely and intellectually, believing that he can find the cause to her illness. Despite his early enthusiasm for finding the presence of witchcraft in Salem, Hale soon grows disillusioned with the witchcraft accusations and then starts encouraging people to testify so that they would not be hung. In Act II, Reverend Hale starts showing sympathy towards the men and women who have been accused of witchery, for it was he who signed their death warrants. He undergoes an internal crisis, feeling guilty that he might be responsible for all of the accusations. Even though this is the case at the end, at the beginning we found that he enjoyed being called to Salem to fix things. It made him proud that his expertise was finally in demand, (obviously in his mind they were not being fully appreciated). However, he was surprised at hearing about Rebecca and Elizabeth's arrest, which reveals that Hale is no longer in control of the predicament. Throughout the play there are many accusers and defenders for the witch trials. There is one man, Reverend John Hale,

  • Word count: 4508
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

Aristotle and Tragedy

Aristotle and Tragedy A tragedy is loosely defined as an event which ends in calamity or distress. However, Aristotle's Poetics provided us with a more detailed set of guide lines with which to define the genre of Tragedy. He stated that the real pathos is effected by our awareness of some wasted, admirable quality/ies in the protagonist, the realization of which is invariably obstructed by the pride of that character. Thus the final fall, and subsequent death, of the protagonist is also a form of catharsis, the nemesis which counters the character's misplaced pride. In Greek tragedy and even later imitations the plot would generally revolve around the aristocracy, royalty or important members of state. As a result the impact of the fall would be emphasized. In English literature some of our most poignant tragedies of course come from Shakespeare, and his tragedies too move in these same spheres; King Lear, Macbeth, Hamlet and so on. Shakespeare's use of soliloquy was an integral part in his creation of tragic pathos because it was in soliloquy that we were made privy to the private aspirations and emotions of the central character, ones which would often clash with the public picture we had of these men. For example, Hamlet's mental torment is piercingly transcribed in his soliloquies. As a result we see clearly that his public duty to avenge his father's murder and to

  • Word count: 4242
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

To what extent, and in what ways, would you describe any TWO or THREE of the following as feminist plays: Overtones, Trifles, A Man's World, Machinal?

To what extent, and in what ways, would you describe any TWO or THREE of the following as feminist plays: Overtones, Trifles, A Man's World, Machinal? Throughout the early and mid 20th century, Feminism played an important factor in the readings of many literary works, mainly those written by leading women writers. The female cannon of Modern American Drama contributes to those feminist readings with leading authors such as Sophie Treadwell, Susan Glaspell and Alice Gerstenberg. Their literary work such as, 'Trifles', 'Machinal' and 'Overtones', are just three plays that express feminist ideologies; all of which feature female protagonists or female characters that "struggle for autonomy...in a male dominated society."1 The form of Expressionism and the use of Language, stage directions and names are all approached in a feminist way to go to the extent of providing awareness to the troubles of women in their society. Sophie Treadwell's 'Machinal' contains a central reading of feminism. Critics of her literary work often claim that her "Partisanship of Feminism" marks the majority of her works."² Within the play this "Partisanship" or devotion to feminism is clearly seen through the female protagonist Helen, otherwise known as 'Young Woman', "an ordinary young woman, any woman,"³ and the other women within 'Machinal'. Even just through this choice of character name, 'The

  • Word count: 4138
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

First Lady of the World - Eleanor Roosevelt.

First Lady of the World Eleanor Roosevelt Sr. Bridget Ellis, fsp Psychology of Women (PS230) Professor Shawn Healy June 27, 2002 Emerson College, Boston Introduction Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, the first child of Elliot Roosevelt and Anna (Hall) Roosevelt, was born in New York City on October 11, 1884. Having been born to parents who were from prestigious, wealthy and distinguished families, faithful to the standards of Victorian virtue and social class, and successful in commerce and politics, she seemed destined to enjoy a very privileged lifestyle. Home was in the beautiful and elite Hudson Valley (Dietz & Williams, Producers, and Williams, Writer/Director, 2000; Hoff-Wilson, & Lightman, 1984). Eleanor, who regarded her own mother as the most beautiful woman in the world, knew as a very young child that she was a great disappointment to her mother who thought she was very plain and dull. Girls who were beautiful had their lives made for them. Their beauty and charm, considered essential in those days, were almost a guarantee that they would make a splendid debut into society, find a suitable husband, have children and preside over a large household. Eleanor's mother disdainfully called her "Granny," even in front of guests, because she thought the child was too somber, lacking all spontaneity and joy. Eleanor, described as homely by her mother, suffered emotional abuse

  • Word count: 3888
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay

Death of a Salesman By Arthur Miller

Death of a Salesman By Arthur Miller TABLE OF CONTENTS A. Background Information . Biographical about Arthur Miller 2. Description of USA at the time Miller wrote this play - social, political and economic conditions. B. Staging . Music, lighting and non-realistic staging are all important in the play. Discuss how they are used and what effect. 2. How does Arthur Miller achieve the blending of present reality with dreams of the past and with what success? C. Summary . Write a plot summary for Act I 2. Write a plot summary for Act II D. Character Description . Willy Loman 2. Linda 3. Biff 4. Happy 5. Bernard 6. Charley 7. Uncle Ben 8. Howard Wagner E. Essays . All the principle character in the play are trying to understand what is driving Willy to suicide. What is your understanding of this? 2. How far would apportion the blame for Willy's suicide between Willy's own character and the society in which he lived in? A. Background Information Biographical information about Arthur Miller Arthur Ash Miller was born in New York City on the 17th of October 1915 as the son of a clothing company owner. During the Depression his family lost the business. He visited the University of Michigan where he started his career as a playwright. In 1947 he had his first great success with All My sons. Only two years later he produced his most important piece, Death of

  • Word count: 3883
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
Access this essay