MALM - Seasons & Climate
MALMÖ Seasons & Climate Malmö´s climate is very variable, but it has the very typical Swedish climate. In the summer the temperature usually stays between 15-20o (C), it´s warm, sunny, and most children spend their time doing outdoor activities and swimming in the sea. The typical summer day in Malmö would be a bright, sunny, warm day. Summer in Malmö lasts from around June-August. In the autumn it gets colder, and the water cools down so it´s usually windy. The colorful trees loose their levees, the temperature get colder, and usually stay around 5-10o (C). Autumn is often very windy but sunny in Malmö, and it lasts from around September-November. When it´s winter, it snows and many enjoy ice skating in central Malmö, where there´s an ice skating place open day and night! But it´s not all good, the roads are very icy and slippery, so more accidents happen at this time of the year. People must wear warm clothes in winter, because the temperature is usually below zero. A typical winter in Malmö is often gray, cloudy and foggy, but there are also sunny, bright and cold days. There´s usually a lot of sleet too, like in the rest of south Sweden. Spring time! Spring is a mild time of the year, often windstill and sunny. It´s getting warmer toward summer, and the temperature now stays above 10o (C). Plants are growing and at spring there are many different
With reference to one or more examples, describe how and why strategies of river basin management are different between LEDCs and MEDCs?
With reference to one or more examples, describe how and why strategies of river basin management are different between LEDCs and MEDCs? Less economically developed countries are countries whose economic growth and therefore development are significantly below the standards of more economically developed countries, which are the richest countries in the world with economies that have grown, usually through industrialisation. Being at different stages of development these countries are likely to approach problems such as river basin management in different ways, due to the differences in financial resources available. This essay looks at differences in river basin management between the Colorado River in South-western USA (an MEDC) and the Ganges-Brahamaputra River in Bangladesh (a poor LEDC). The most significant and obvious difference between the river management strategies is the intensity of management. The River Colorado, which is 1470 miles long, is the most managed river of its size in the world. Eighteen dams lie along the river, which have the significant effect of reducing the water flow downstream and reducing peak discharge, thus reducing the flood risk. On the other hand, the intensity of river basin management in Bangladesh for the Ganges-Brahamaputra is significantly less. The only permanent form of flood management is the 3500 km long embankment that was
What is an actuarially fair insurance premium? How might adverse selection and moral hazard lead to inefficiency in insurance markets? What actions may insurance companies take to reduce these problems?
. What is an actuarially fair insurance premium? How might adverse selection and moral hazard lead to inefficiency in insurance markets? What actions may insurance companies take to reduce these problems? K&R 179 Adverse selection: K&R 564,567-572 Frank 213-4, Lecture notes 24/11/03 Moral Hazard: K&R 577-582, Frank 214, Lecture notes 28/11/03 Plan: Introduction Definition of actuarially fair insurance premium, complete with diagram Definition of adverse Selection Why does A'S' lead to inefficiency? Definition of Moral Hazard Why does M'H' lead to inefficiency? What actions may insurance companies take to reduce these problems? Conclusion (m'h' & a's' both first studied in insurance mkt) Definition of actuarially fair insurance premium, complete with diagram Actuarially fair insurance is insurance where the premium is equal to the expected payout of the insurance provider. For an actuarially fair insurance policy, the premium for $1 worth of insurance is simply the probability of the bad state of the world occurring. For example if probability of a suit is 1/5 then you can buy $1 worth of insurance for $.20. Below is the Budget constraint with actuarially fair insurance, were the slope of the budget constraint is = p/(1-p) In the diagram above where A is the endowment point and B the preferred consumption, insurance is actuarially fair. Equilibrium occurs
Implementation of national adaptation programs of action in order to provide immediate and urgent support to start adapting to current and projected adverse effects of climate change in Bangladesh.
PROJECT TITLE: Implementation of national adaptation programs of action in order to provide immediate and urgent support to start adapting to current and projected adverse effects of climate change in Bangladesh. ESTIMATED TOTAL BUDGET: US$ 250,000 ESTIMATED STARTING DATE: January 2008 DURATION: 18 months . Background of the Project: Bangladesh is a country situated on the northeastern side of South Asia bounded by India on the west and the north, by India and Myanmar on the east and by the Bay of Bengal on the South (see Map). Numerous rivers, small channels and backwaters intersect the country's plain lands. Much of the present plain was originally an estuary, which was filled up by the combined drainage system of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers (total length of drainage channel is estimated at more than 200,000 kms). These rivers continuously enrich the alluvial soil of the plains with heavy silt deposits. Thus, the rivers are of utmost importance in developing the country's vast flat alluvial land and in directly and indirectly influencing the economic activities through their impact on agriculture. The country has a typical monsoon climate as the monsoon wind, to a large extent, determines the country's rainfall and temperature. There are 3 distinct seasons: winter (November to February), which is relatively cool, sunny and dry; summer (March to
Why Should a Few Degrees of Warming Be a Cause for Concern?
Why Should a Few Degrees of Warming Be a Cause for Concern? The most recent IPCC scientific assessment of climate change estimated that the globally averaged surface temperature will increase by 1 to 3.5°C (about 2 to 6°F) by the year 2100, with an associated rise in sea level of 15 to 95 cm (about 6 to 37 inches). These changes may lead to a number of potentially serious consequences. For example, mid- and high-latitude regions, such as much of the United States, Europe, and Asia, could experience an increase in the incidence of heat waves, floods, and droughts as the global climate changes. The impacts of such extreme events on human welfare as well as natural ecosystems could be significant. Climate change is likely to have wide-ranging and mostly adverse impacts on human health. The projected increase in the duration and frequency of heat waves is expected to increase mortality rates as a result of heat stress, especially where air conditioning is not available. To a lesser extent, increases in winter temperatures in high latitudes could lead to decreases in mortality rates. Climate change is also expected to lead to increases in the potential transmission of many infectious diseases, including malaria, dengue, and yellow fever, extending the range of organisms such as insects that carry these diseases into the temperate zone, including parts of the United States,
How to build a habitable planet
Brian Lockyer LCKBRI001 How to build a habitable planet The Earth is an extremely complex and diverse system that is composed of many different intricate features that interlink and correlate in order to provide the mechanism that facilitates the sustainment of life on the planet. In order to understand how to build a habitable and sustainable planet we need to ask questions such as why is the Earth so unique? And how come the Earth was the only planet after the Big Bang that was able to cater for life? The Earth is an incredible planet and every day we constantly bear witness to all the intricate processes that function in perfect harmony in order to create the necessary conditions that allow life to flourish. We have only just begun to understand and fully comprehend the detail and magnitude of how the different processes that make up our world operate. The gross advancements in technology have allowed us to explore and adventure to where no one has gone before and gives us the vital clues that are necessary in order to understand how to make our planet more sustainable and how to build a habitable planet. The concept of how to build a habitable planet is a very important and complicated question that requires a complete understanding of the functioning and relationship between the different dimensions of the Earth. The Earth has been compared to a huge recycling
Environmental law
Environmental
Global Warming As the world's expanding population burns large quantities of fossil fuels and simultaneously cuts down large expanses of forests worldwide, the concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases
Global Warming As the world's expanding population burns large quantities of fossil fuels and simultaneously cuts down large expanses of forests worldwide, the concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases are building up in the atmosphere. "The green house effect is the (imperfect) analogy used to explain the atmospheric phenomenon that keeps our planet warm enough to sustain life." There is mounting evidence that this shift in Earth's atmosphere will lead to global changes and potentially major climatic disruptions . The major concern is not that the greenhouse effect is real;"we wouldn't be here if it wasn't." It's that it "may be exacerbated by anthropogenic increases in the effective gasses, threatening a disruption to the equilibrium between incoming and outgoing energy, and a resulting average global warming." From 1880 to today, by many measurements, the global average temperature has increased by 0.5 Degrees Celsius. Human and ecological systems are already vulnerable to a range of environmental pressures, including climate extremes and variability. Global warming is likely to amplify the effects of other pressures and to disrupt our lives in numerous ways. "Melting icebergs and expanding oceans may cause floods." The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that there will be an increase in sea level by the year 2100 of 1.5 feet . "Twenty Five
Why Does Climate Change?
ASSIGNMENT ONE WHY DOES CLIMATE CHANGE? The average, long-range weather or state of the atmosphere of any place is known as climate. Climate is defined by temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind, cloudiness, and snow cover. The study of climate is known as climatology. There are different types of climate types for different locations around the world. They are Tropical, Desert, Alpine, Subtropical, Temperate, and Polar. Some carry warm temperatures, and some cold. There are many factors that can change climate. The irregular distribution of land and water surfaces is a major control of climate. Prevailing winds and belts of high and low pressure, and latitude all play a major role in climate and its constant changing. The climate for a region depends mainly on the yearly cycle of its temperature and moisture; this can dramatically change a region's climate. There are many other factors that play roles in climate depending on where the location is. Such as wind direction, seasonal humidity, location with respect to oceans and mountains, and cyclone activity. Even though there are so many factors to consider with climate, climate very slowly changes over time. There are many main types of climate change that are affecting our world. Some of them are Global warming, Ozone Depletion, and El Nino. These all affect our environment and have an impact on the human
Ecomorphology: Field assessment of morphological and behavioral features of animals in relation to their ecology
Ecomorphology: Field assessment of morphological and behavioral features of animals in relation to their ecology Results Species Behavior/Morphological feature Suggested function Beetle (black) Wandering under leaf litter Foraging Bird (brown) Hopping from branch to branch in large holly bush Looking for insects Blue tit Within large oak tree, from branch to branch, nibbling at thin branches Looking for and eating insects Crow Beak opened wide, cawing over the trees Calling to inform others of food, mouth wide to project sound Fireant Many walking amongst leaf litter together Foraging for food, navigating Antennae reaching out Sharp mandibles Get grip of prey/predator Sting on abdomen Inject venom Magpie On ground, hopping from one place to another Looking for food Turning head from left to right Turning over leaves Mosquito Hovering on edge of woodland next to stream Stagnant water - laying down eggs/larvae? Hovering around humans Looking for blood to suck Robin Flitting from branch to branch Looking for food on the ground Spider (orange) Sitting on the edge of a web at base of oak tree Web for catching prey Long legs Legs to catch prey Brightly colored A warning to predators? Spider (yellow) Sitting on the edge of a web spread between two branches high off the ground In leaves, higher probability of catching other/more prey than