How successful was Roosevelt in delivering relief, recovery and reform during the New Deal?
Transfer-Encoding: chunked How successful was Roosevelt in delivering ‘relief, recovery and reform’ during the New Deal? The Great Depression is now considered as one of the greatest global economic crises in world history. It began with the stock market crash in New York in 1929, and had a detrimental effect on the U.S. economy; due to globalisation, other economies were influenced as well. Therefore, the Great Depression is a topic of considerable interest among historians and it needs accurate and objective evaluation. This essay discusses how F.D. Roosevelt, the President of the United States, tried to address the economic decline in America, and to what extent Roosevelt was successful in delivering promised ‘relief, recovery and reform’. However, to start with, it is worth considering the circumstances and some causes of the Wall Street Crash. It is important to understand what kind of country America was; this explains such a massive shift in economic policies and views on the role of government. Above all, the beginning of the 20th century nowadays is seen as the time of the birth of modern America. Despite a sense of frustration and anger present in society since the end of the First World War, the war did not affect the U.S.A. to the same extent as it affected other countries. Apparently, America was in the advantageous position of being distanced from
A face to remember
"One of the rare few who have managed to forge a path in both art and architecture, Maya Lin is at once sculptor, architect, designer, craftsman, and thinker," says art critic Michael Brenson. Maya Lin an American Chinese, was born in 1959 in Athens, Ohio. Athens is a manufacturing and agricultural town that had a population of 15,000 people and consisted of predominantly Caucasian people. Lin was not brought up as a traditional Chinese. The typical Chinese parent is very conservative and rational. Most Chinese immigrant parents aspire for their kids to strive to become the top and become successful. In terms of successful, they are referring to being financially stable with a steady job. For Lin, her parents didn't fit into this category. Her parents fled from China just before the Communist Revolution of 1949 and came to America. Lin's mother, Julia Chang Lin, a poet, was a literature professor at the University of Ohio. Her late father, Henry Huan Lin, was a ceramicist (a person with expertise in ceramics) and a dean of Fine Arts. (Harris) Therefore, their whole family opposed of the perspective of a traditional Chinese. In addition immigrant parents, who have children that are second generation, always have their kids learn Chinese to communicate with their parents. (Harris) Nevertheless, Lin's parents chose not to teach her and her brother Chinese. Her parents
The question that will be investigated is, to what extent was the case of Brown v Board of Education ineffective during the civil rights movement, and what other steps were taken to establish equal rights?
History HL: Americas JB Makhani Word Count-1990 A:Plan of Investigation The question that will be investigated is, to what extent was the case of Brown v Board of Education ineffective during the civil rights movement, and what other steps were taken to establish equal rights? Many people believe the Brown v Board of Education spearheaded the civil rights movement and changed things immediately. This paper persuades the audience that the civil rights movement was changed by an amalgamation of Supreme Court cases and other legislation. The argument is accomplished by researching both on the internet and in libraries to find primary and secondary sources to support the thesis statement, while also using interviews from important figures in the Civil Rights Movement. The research includes the details of the landmark case, differing opinions on the effectiveness of the case, and other cases that may have been more or as important as Brown v Board of Education, such as Brown v Board of Education II. B:Summary of Evidence Several events that preceded the landmark cases in the 1950s were equally as important and set precedence for the final overturning of Plessy v Ferguson in 1898. In 1938, in Missouri v Canada, Lionel Gaines accomplished the right for blacks to receive in state education along with whites. However, this case still held that "separate but equal" was
Prohibition - The Importance of January 16th 1920 to the US.
AP Unites States History II Micaela Tracey January 16th, 1920 Despite repeal and feuding opinions, January 16th of 1920 is greatly important to American history. The enactment of prohibition startled the public with the expedience of its approval, but the moral of temperance is greatly influential in the history of prohibition. Reactions to the 18th amendment and Volstead Act caused social rift between “wets and drys”, political scandal and pay offs, and economic decline. The influence of the 18th amendment was immediate within the 1920’s, the longest successful prohibition of alcohol, and forthcoming in future court rulings and interpretations of similar crisis’. Consequently this date in history proves to be a crucial event in American history. Prohibition was not a new solution to the communities of the United States. Temperance was used as a solution to problems of social immorality such as in 1733, James Oglethrope, a British general, attempted to outlaw alcohol in the Georgia but was unsuccessful because of outlaws within the Carolinas and caused colonist to ignore the law (Nishi 12). This attempt at a non-alcoholic community failed and proved to be a foreshadowing of what would occur almost two centuries later. Other events that brought about the ultimate events of January 16th, 1920, would be the numerous governmental legislation of minor restraints on
Jennifer Sanders
Jennifer Sanders The Civil War Causes The name Civil War is misleading because the war was not a class struggle, but a sectional combat having its roots in political, economic, social, and psychological elements so complex that historians still do not agree on its basic causes. It has been characterized, in the words of William H. Seward, as the "irrepressible conflict." In another judgment the Civil War was viewed as criminally stupid, an unnecessary bloodletting brought on by arrogant extremists and blundering politicians. Both views accept the fact that in 1861 there existed a situation that, rightly or wrongly, had come to be regarded as insoluble by peaceful means. In the days of the American Revolution and of the adoption of the Constitution, differences between North and South were dwarfed by their common interest in establishing a new nation. But sectionalism steadily grew stronger. During the 19th cent. the South remained almost completely agricultural, with an economy and a social order largely founded on slavery and the plantation system. These mutually dependent institutions produced the staples, especially cotton, from which the South derived its wealth. The North had its own great agricultural resources, was always more advanced commercially, and was also expanding industrially. Hostility between the two sections grew perceptibly after 1820, the year of
To what extent did the American Civil War succeed in removing the two main causes of conflict: slavery and sectionalism, between the North and South?
To what extent did the American Civil War succeed in removing the two main causes of conflict: slavery and sectionalism, between the North and South? The causes of the Civil War are a subject that have fascinated historians for generations, provoking many different interpretations. From my study I have found slavery and sectionalism to be the most important causes. In the short term, the war did not succeed in eradicating these causes of conflict and actually incited further problems, such as racism and violence. The Reconstruction period failed to achieve its main aims, which were to re-unite the two sections of North and South into the Union, and to help the Negro to infiltrate that country as a citizen, and not a slave. I also aim to show that these forces are still evident in American society today, and therefore bring the historical argument up to date. Sectionalism is a multi-faceted cause, and many historians have stressed different aspects of this sectionalism as the cause of conflict. Cultural and social historians emphasise the contrast between the civilisations and values of the two regions, whereas progressive historians stress the economic gulf between the North and South, and Marxist historians believe the class difference was the overriding cause of conflict. These views are valid as a detailed insight into particular areas of sectionalism, however their
The American Civil War as the Turning Point in the Making of a Nation,
The American Civil War as the Turning Point in the Making of a Nation, 1815 -1917 To determine whether the American Civil War (1861-1865) was the turning point in the Making of a Nation, I will compare the situation before and after the War to establish the difference it made in terms of politics, economics, religion and the social order. I will look at whether the War initiated the biggest changes in this 100 year period or whether other events had more far-reaching consequences. I will highlight key moments of change in this period of history, commenting on their effects on the economy, political re-organisation and national identity. In 1927, Charles and Mary Beard claimed that the Civil War was the 'Second American Revolution' in which the military conflict only played a small part because the Civil War was a social war, ending in the unquestioned establishment of a new power in the government, making vast changes in the arrangement of classes, in the accumulation and distribution of wealth, in the course of industrial development, and in the Constitution..1 Both the North and the South could see it as a continuation of their fight for independence and freedom in the American Revolution (1775-1783). In simplistic terms, the South was fighting for self determination, including the use of slavery and the North was fighting to preserve the Union. Louis Hacker (1940) agreed
What was the short term significance of settlement in Kansas in the 1850s and 1860s?
What was the short term significance of settlement in Kansas in the 1850s and 1860s? The USA had become divided over the 'great issue of the age', the issue of slavery. Slavery first caused divisions on a political level which then seeped, like a virus, out across America to become a serious social issue. In the 1850s and 1860s the events which transpired in the Kansas territory echoed throughout America and signified the beginning of the bleakest moment in the country's history; the American Civil War. Kansas showed the first signs of physical violence between Northern and Southern Americans. Furthermore it was Kansas' admission into the Union that would upset the balance of power within Congress, thus emphasising the enormity of the short term significance of the settlement in Kansas. The American Congress became more and more divided by the power struggle between the North and the South over the major issue of the age, this was the significant problem of slavery. 'From morning to night, day after day, and week after week, nothing can get a hearing that will not afford an opportunity to lug in something about Negro slavery...'1. This rift in politics was particularly problematic when it came to deciding whether Kansas should become a 'Slave State' or a 'Free State'. Senator Douglas proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Bill in 1854; this proposed that the slave status of Kansas
Civil Rights background to 1950. Marcus garvey, A. Philip Randolph and "the Great Migration".
Do Thi Nguyen Background to 1950: . Highlight the significance of Du Bois’s editorship of the ‘Crisis’ and of Marcus Garvey. 2. Assess the historical contribution of A. Phillip Randolph. 3. Explain “the Great Migration”. 4. Write a mini account of “African American in 1945”. . In 1905, Du Bois was a founder and general secretary of the Niagara movement, an African American protest group of scholars and professionals. Du Bois founded and edited the ‘Moon’ (1906) and the ‘Horizon’ (1907-1910) as organs for the Niagara movement. In 1909 Du Bois was among the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and from 1910 to 1934 served it as director of publicity and research, a member of the board of directors, and editor of the ‘Crisis’, its monthly magazine. In the ‘Crisis’, Du Bois directed a constant stream of agitation--often bitter and sarcastic--at white Americans while serving as a source of information and pride to African Americans. The magazine always published young African American writers. Racial protest during the decade following World War I focused on securing anti-lynching legislation. During this period the NAACP was the leading protest organization and Du Bois its leading figure. In 1934 Du Bois resigned from the NAACP board and from the Crisis because of his new advocacy of an African
Explain the principle events of the preceding ten years or so that led the eleven slaveowning southern American states to secede from the union in 1861.
Explain the principle events of the preceding ten years or so that led the eleven slaveowning southern American states to secede from the union in 1861. There were many factors which led to the southern states of America to break away from the union in 1861. There had been previous problems between the north and south in America, but these issues could not be resolved with methods that were tried, so led to the outbreak of the American civil war, when the south left the union in 1861. The main factor which led to the southern states seceding from the union was the laws relating to slavery. Slavery was the biggest industry within the southern states of America and a lot was done within the previous ten years leading up to 1861 to try and prevent slavery, which had a major impact within the south, because they could not live with all the events that had happened, so broke away from the union and the civil war begun to try and cry this. From the 1840s in America there was a strong feeling of anti-slavery in the northern states of America. The anti-slavery feeling was not on the moral grounds of it being wrong and immoral, but because slaves threatened the livelihood of many white Americans in the north, because they were free labour, and so they were being forced to undertake most of the work, and this threatened the chances of the white Americans in the north from getting
