To what extent did the survival of Nazi rule in Germany from 1933-39 depend on their solving Germany's economic problems?
History Essay Joe Murphy Mrs Milarvie To what extent did the survival of Nazi rule in Germany from 1933-39 depend on their solving Germany's economic problems? To a certain extent, the survival of the Nazi rule within Germany depended on their solving of the increasing economic problems in Germany. Previous to the Nazi rule, Germany was in a desperate state, unemployment was rising and the country was facing depression. In this state desperate times called for deperate measures and the Nazis provided the solution, hence were voted into power. Hitler realised that in order to stay in power he would have to eliminate political opposition. Through Hitler's policy of Gleichschaltung (co-ordination) the Nazis ensured all organisations such as courts, churches, schools and the civil service were all controlled by one man, Hitler. Following these strict methods, young people were brainwashed into believing Nazi was the way forward in Germany. The creation of Nazi Youth and Nazi Maidens were formed for children and the like. Hitler convinced many Germans that they were the superior 'Ayrian Race' and convinced them that Jews and other groups were inferior. The use of force, violence and intimidation was central to keeping the Nazis in power during the period of 1933-39. As previously stated, Hitler realised his main problem would be the oppostion
Climate Change And Economic Policy. An Australian Perspective
Michael Pasquale 14270745 2 Climate Change and Economic Policy An Australian Perspective Economic Policy 302 ________________ Climate change is defined as “Change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods”(Bruno and Mehmet 2010). Modern methods of production create greenhouse gasses as a negative externality via the market failure and government intervention is needed to rectify the situation. Climate change is an issue for the Australian government as it needs to intervene to correct the market failure caused by the free markets inability to provide property rights to mitigate damages caused by the negative externality. (Calhoun 2010) The greenhouse gas externality is a by-product of the production of goods and services via the over-production of emissions. Dr Peter John Wood argues that” climate change is an indisputable threat” and on that basis, as well as the world stage Australia has taken the reins in acting upon climate change. An externality is defined as” are the unintended consequence of one economic agent’s economic activity that affect another agent’s economic activity, but which are not adequately priced through the market (Sonia and Jeff 2011)”. This is also
Impact of Macro-Economic policy on the UK economy.
MACRO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT REPORT: Impact of Macro-Economic Policy on the UK Economy CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 2 Main Instruments of Macro-Economic Policy: Monetary Policy 3 Fiscal Policy 4 Supply Side Policy 5 Effectiveness of the Policies: Monetary Policy 6 Fiscal Policy 7 Supply Side Policies 8 Effects of the Policies: Monetary Policy 9 Fiscal Policy 10 Supply Side Policies 11 Conclusion 12 Bibliography 13 Appendices 14 - 16 INTRODUCTION This report aims to illustrate the main instruments of macro-economic policies such as Monetary policy, Fiscal policy and Supply side policies showing their relation to Keynesian and Monetarist approaches. The report will also discuss the effectiveness of these policies in helping to achieve government objectives. By using case studies and examples this report will be able to show the possible effects that the policies have on economic agents such as consumers, employees etc. MAIN INSTRUMENTS OF ECONOMIC POLICY Monetary Policy Monetary Policy is when the government use interest rates and the amount of money in the economy to control the economy. Monetary policy can be used to expand the economy during a recession or to restrict the economy during boom. The diagram below illustrates recessions and booms
The Second World War was brought about by the foreign policy of Hitler and Nazi Germany. Do you agree with this statement?
"The Second World War was brought about by the foreign policy of Hitler and Nazi Germany." Do you agree with this statement? Many key issues, several occurring simultaneously during the 1930s, caused the Second World War. Many changes occurred in countries over the world, from the end of the First World War in 1918 and onwards the rise of Hitler with the new regime of Nazi in Germany, during economic crisis in 1928. The period of warlike tensions existed between 1929 until 1939 when Second World War finally broke out, when Britain and France declared a World War against Germany after Germany's invasion of Poland occurred on the 1st of September 1939. It is mostly argued that the Second World War broke out as a result of Hitler's aggressive foreign policy however others argue that this was also resulted by Western forces' policy of Appeasement at the same time. Furthermore, the Second World War was produced by combinations of others as well; Italy's Mussolini and USSR's Stalin had also helped to afflict the warlike tension in Europe; the failure of Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations had failed to maintain peace and to avoid a war at the first time. These features were all linked together and led to each other. The failure of international organizations and treaties were consequential to the breakout of the WW2. Although of some period of peace were present since
Nazi rise
In the case of the NSDAP, Gottfried Feder's Twenty-Five Points were already in existence when Hitler first joined the Party in 1919, and the same programme was declared official in Munich on February 25th, 1920 . These principles do contain a strong element of Socialism, or at the very least the NSDAP's own interpretation of it. However, despite the early rhetoric these socialistic elements were never put into practice, something which will be examined in due course. Firstly, the Twenty-Five Points promised to involve German workers in a form of "profit-sharing for all", with Feder particularly keen to stress that the "[sharing of profits from a man's own work is a demand so natural and socially so just, that nothing can be advanced it against it as a principle."] This may well be so, but whilst his Party claimed to support the nationalisation of the great industries which it considered "ripe for socialisation"]in an attempt to win the hearts and minds of the German electorate, economic decentralisation was "soon abandoned, and Hitler adopted more empirical policies." Noted for its great opportunism, the NSDAP had tried to take advantage of the public's support for autarkic economics, something which had its roots in Germany's characteristic opposition to foreign control. The Wall Street Crash had led to the withdrawal of American investment, and many Germans had become
Assess the Argument that the Chamberlain Government engaged in the Policy of Appeasement because of Britain's Economic Weakness.
Assess the Argument that the Chamberlain Government engaged in the Policy of Appeasement because of Britain's Economic Weakness. The policy of appeasement that was pursued in the years immediately preceding the Second World War will always be an issue of controversy and heated historical debate. The main aim of appeasement, as pursued under Chamberlain, was to avoid another devastating war in Europe. This meant negotiation and compromise with the Third Reich, and the belief that war was never inevitable and too costly an enterprise to be entered into until all alternative, viable measures had been exhausted. With the gift of hindsight we know that ultimately the policy failed and as such the appeasers have been heavily criticised, most famously by 'Cato' in the 'Guilty Men' of 1940 and by Winston Churchill in his war memoirs. Such criticisms remain heavily influential today and contemporary governments still use the example of appeasement in order to justify military action against regimes that have comparative similarities with the Third Reich, as with Iraq. However, within the academic world the debate surrounding appeasement is being revised constantly. In the 1960s many writers came to view the efforts taken by the Chamberlain administration to avoid war as highly reasonable and even necessary. Today the debate continues and the revisionist school is coming under revision
'In the years 1933-37, German foreign policy was essentially nationalist rather than specifically Nazi'. How far do you agree with this opinion?
'In the years 1933-37, German foreign policy was essentially nationalist rather than specifically Nazi'. How far do you agree with this opinion? J. Noakes and G. Prindham describe the main task of Hitler's foreign policy as 'providing diplomatic cover for the consolidation of Nazi power at home and for an acceleration of the rearmament programme' and that 'Hitler was aware of the need to move cautiously'. Hitler understood that the western democracies were becoming increasingly suspicious towards him, and as a result, ensured that his regime took common ideas from earlier nationalist thinking (e.g. racism and anti-Semitism, the reintroduction of national service and the overthrow of the Versailles Treaty) before progressively acting to imprint his own Nazi ideology of acquiring lebensraum in the east, forging alliances with other nations and rearming Germany for war. The context in which Hitler found himself in 1933 must be considered when exploring the ideology of German foreign policy in this period. Hitler's new position as Chancellor in a coalition government meant that he did not yet have full control, especially in the case of the army who still had an allegiance to President Hindenburg. Accordingly, his foreign policy had to be proceeded with caution to ensure he was not met with governmental or military opposition. This may explain Hitler's initial desire to
Analyse and Evaluate the significance of Fiscal Policy rules and Fiscal Policy targets and constraints in promoting Economic Growth, Economic Stability and International Competitiveness
Analyse and Evaluate the significance of Monetary Policy rules and Monetary Policy targets and constraints in promoting Economic Growth, Economic Stability and International Competitiveness L1. Monetary policies are where the government use changes in the base rate of interest to influence the rate of growth of aggregate demand, the money supply and ultimately price inflation. In the short run economic growth is an increase in real GDP, In the long run economic growth is an increase in productive capacity (the maximum output an economy can produce) Economic Stability - the avoidance of volatility in economic growth rates, inflation, employment and unemployment and exchange rates. International Competitiveness - The ability of an economy's firms to compete in international markets and, thereby, sustain increases in national output and income. L2. Monetary policies can be used to promote economic growth, Economic (this stability reduces uncertainty, promotes business, consumer confidence and investment) and International Competitiveness. This causes an ? in AD, which can be good for an economy. For example if a Government ? interest rates, people will have an ? in disposable income, because payments on credit cards will ?, mortgage payments will ? and it is not worth saving due to the reduced rate of interest, meaning they have more to spend on goods and services, thus
Nazi polices towards women
Explain the reasons for the Nazi Polices towards Women ? ( 8 Marks ) 'The Woman has her own battlefield. With every Child that she brings into the world, she fights the battle for the nation.' ( Adolf Hitler - 1935 ) Women in Nazi Germany were to have specific roles. Hitler was very clear about this. This role was that they should be good mothers and bring up their children at home while their husbands were working. This was taught to Women at very young ages; for example girls of the age of ten joined the Jungmadel (Hitler Youth), then from fourteen they entered the Bund Deutscher Madel ( German Girls League ). In this they were taught their role of being a good wife and mother and that their place was to be in the home - the 3K's Kinder, Kuche, Kirche was their main rule to follow, which simply mean: Children, Church, Kitchen. Women had many roles in Nazi Germany, one of which was Marriage. When Hitler published 'Mien Kampf' (My Struggle), he clearly stated that he was going to go to war. Producing Children for Nazi's was vital, they saw children as the first generation that would grow up in a Nazi world. However, when Hitler came to power in 1933 the birth rate had fallen from two million births a year in 1900 to less than one million. This was due to the shortage of men caused by World War One; more than 1.8 million German Women were unmarried. To over come this
Summary about Nazi Germany.
Janis Lasmanis 11. sb Summary about Nazi Germany. . Origin, rise. First of all Germany was not used to democracy, as Kaiser had a lot of power on him own before 1918. Also there were many small parties in the who could not agree with each other. The proportional voting system could not provide the control of Reichstag for one party. The Weimar republic was associated with the hated Versailles treaty. Also economic problems like hyperinflation and reparations made workers unsatisfied with the existing government. Hitler decided to change things, but his first attempt - Munich Putsch was unsuccessful. Anyway after getting out of prison he decided to seize power by convincing the voters that he was the last hope for Germany. He was a great orator and also his book "Mein Kampf" made many citizens to believe in Hitler. The special army - SA was established that made many assassinated many politicians. During the great depression Hitler promised new jobs for the workers. Also the two rival parties - SPD and KPD - were fighting for votes and did not work against Hitler. 2. Actual establishment. On 27 February 1933 Reichstag building went up in flames. Hitler blamed Communists and made Hindenburg to pass a law Enabling Act that could make Hitler operate on him own. Hitler became Chancellor and started to get rid of his opponents. On 30 June 1933 Hitler ordered his bodyguards
