An Introduction to Solids and their Properties

An Introduction to Solids and their Properties In this piece of work I will learn how particle models can show the difference between solids, liquids and gases and look at the properties and theories about the models. Then I will investigate further into what a physical change is and also what a geological change is. The States of Matter There are 4 states of matter. Matter is basically stuff that takes up space, without it the universe would be nothing, and wouldn't exist. Matter is made up of many particles and can be found in many different states. These states or 'phases' can very depending on the temperature or pressure acting on the particles, and often change state. Many people believe there are 3, but scientifically speaking there are 4 different states of matter. The main 3 are solids, liquid and gases, and the 4th one- which is a rare state of matter- is plasma. We don't get plasma that much in everyday life so that's why its often neglected and its taught that there are 3 states of matter. Here are more detailed definitions of solids, liquids, and gases and about their particles: * Solids- Solids are basically solid substances. The particles in a solid are packed very tightly together, and are touching each other. The particles are vibrating slightly, even though it is a completely solid substance, as the solid is so tightly packed together the particles cannot

  • Word count: 1308
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Physical Sciences
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The opening chapters of Jane Eyre are not an account of childhood but rather the beginning of the discussion of the female identity. Discuss.

' The opening chapters of Jane Eyre are not an account of childhood but rather the beginning of the discussion of female identity' The fact that this essay is based on a very small chunk of the novel makes it hard to fully discuss the female identity of Jane. this requires me to thoroughly explore the context in which the novel is written in order to have a complete understanding of the circumstances surrounding Charlotte Brontë in the Victorian era which may have influenced her in the writing of Jane Eyre. At the time of writing 'Jane Eyre' Charlotte was living in Victorian England in the middle of the 19th century. 19th century women living in Britain had a much more submissive role in society than they do today. Women were not allowed to vote and the law completely ignored then as humans. a woman was legally bound to her nearest male relative and any property that she only became her husband as soon as she was married. They were also not allowed to attend university. We can believe this because it is alleged that Charlotte Brontë published her book under the name of Currer Bell which suggests that she had to sell it under a male identity otherwise her work would have never been published this way Brontë's work was published and not discredited for written by a irrational woman. The novel opens with Jane's narrative and we are immediately thrust into the world of a

  • Word count: 1336
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: English
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How does Juliet's Character and Language Change during the course of the play?

How does Juliet's Character and Language Change during the course of the play? When we first see Juliet in the beginning of the play she seems to be very shy and timid. I can see this because of the way she talks "Madam I am here, what is your will". She also seems very obedient to her parents and not much of an outgoing person. she also seems quit withdrawn when it comes to the subject of love and marriage I think this is because she is still a child and still thinks of boy as "icky". In Act III.scene ii Tybalt is killed by Romeo and Juliet is left reconciling her love for Romeo. Juliet then goes to the Nurse and has a conversation about the terrible situation, the death of her cousin Tybalt. In this conversation between her and the Nurse I noticed that she uses lots of contradictory language - called antitheses - which tell us that she is confused and filled with mixed emotions. For example, she calls Romeo a 'Beautiful tyrant, fiend angelical!' Both phrases are oxymorons, contradictions in terms. Although this might be nonsense on one level, because a tyrant cannot be beautiful or an angel also a devil, in another way this does make sense due to the state that she's in. Juliet is using a religious image, 'fiend angelical'. If she is religious, this might tell us more about why she reacts in such an appalled way to hearing Romeo is a murderer. Remember, at this

  • Word count: 695
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: English
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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an in vitro technique, which allows the amplification of a specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) region that lies between two regions of known DNA sequenc

THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an in vitro technique, which allows the amplification of a specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) region that lies between two regions of known DNA sequence1,2. It is the most widely used target amplification technique that is found in molecular biology. This technique, which was first described by Saiki et al3 and Mullis et al4, has made it possible to detect and quantitate rare target nucleic acid sequences isolated from cell, tissue or blood samples5. The basis of this technique is the ability of DNA polymerase to extend an oligodeoxyribonucleotide primer that is specifically hybridized to a single-stranded DNA template5. Such amplification of DNA is achieved by using oligonucleotide primers or amplimers1. These are short, single-stranded DNA molecules which are complementary to the ends of a defined sequence of DNA template1. A DNA polymerase will enable the primers to extend on single-stranded denatured DNA (template), in the presence of deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) under suitable conditions1. New DNA strands are synthesized and bound complementary to the template strands as double-stranded DNA molecules1. Basically, PCR consists of three thermally separated steps: denaturation at 95°C to ensure complete separation of DNA duplexes into single-stranded molecules; annealing at a temperature

  • Word count: 3338
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Biological Sciences
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The concern of this essay is the position of the 'Republic of Cyprus'[1], the neighbouring states of Turkey and Greece and other states with interests, historically or otherwise, linked to the island, including the UK and the USA.

The concern of this essay is the position of the 'Republic of Cyprus'1, the neighbouring states of Turkey and Greece and other states with interests, historically or otherwise, linked to the island, including the UK and the USA. Although this dispute is not so violently demonstrated as in other areas, notably Israel with regards to the Palestinians or Iraq and the Kurd population, the position and disputes that surround Cyprus are just as important and in many ways unique. The two main parties involved are Greece and Turkey; both are members of NATO and either a member or an aspiring member of the EU. The very unconventional nature of the situation means that the diplomatic approaches used by the participants is also unconventional. The lack of Cypriot Turk embassies in foreign countries means many usual forms of diplomacy have no place. Therefore, the focus of this essay will be the less obvious diplomatic advances in use, as will be set out later. The chief purpose of diplomacy, It can be said, is to "enable states to secure the objectives of their foreign policy without resorting to force, propaganda or law"2. This definition, therefore, encompasses much more than the traditional perspective of Embassies or conferences. Diplomacy does include these types of arrangements, but also informal discussions, 'Telephone diplomacy', and the lobbying of foreign governments. This

  • Word count: 2781
  • Level: AS and A Level
  • Subject: Politics
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In the opening scenes, how does Shakespeare prepare the audience for the development of the relationship between Romeo and other characters?

In the opening scenes, how does Shakespeare prepare the audience for the development of the relationship between Romeo and other characters? In the opening scenes, Shakespeare prepares the audience for the development of the relationship between Romeo and other characters by plunging into the action straight away from the beginning of the play. He introduces characters by their actions. This helps the audience to understand what is happening and why. It creates the picture of the characters in their mind from the start. Romeo is a person who rushes into things without thinking. He is a kind-hearted good man so he has got nice friends that care for him. He is generous to them. Benvolio and Mercutio are his best friends. Later in the play he meets Juliet and falls in love with her when he first sees her. Mercutio is the most likeable character in the play. He is young and lively, he is always talking and joking. His character is very changeable which means friendship with him is unreliable. Benvolio is very calm and peaceful. Hi name literally means "I want the good". He doesn't like fighting but he is brave and honorable. Juliet is a young girl, only 14 years old. She is gentle and obedient. Probably because she is so young, Juliet does not have any friends outside her family. The essay will cover Act 1 and 2 of the play. As a character our expectations of Romeo are of a

  • Word count: 1007
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: English
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Give an account of the birth of Christ as related by one of the Magi

It was a seemingly typical night; my colleagues and I were gazing at the stars in our homeland of Persia, as we do regularly. Let there be no mistake, we are well educated men and we are experienced astrologers, we know the night sky and how it wondrously changes through the seasons. We knew what arrangement of stars to expect on this particular night, but what we saw was something extraordinary! We stood in awe of an outstandingly bright and beautiful star revealed to us in the west sky. We were compelled. There was no doubt whatsoever that this was something quite special- we had to follow it. Being in the Magi, we recognised the significance of such an inexplicably tremendous star as being a signal of the birth of a great man. We may not be Jews by religion, but we had heard of the Messianic prophecies made by Jewish prophets and couldn't help but relate them to this astonishing astrological appearance. Resolutely, we set off to the west, the direction we saw this wondrous sight appear. We took gifts with us to bestow upon the king we anticipated to meet. For hundreds of miles we travelled. The journey was tiresome and took weeks on end. It was clear to us that a birth of such prestige would be likely to occur in Jerusalem, the place of Judaism's origin and the location of the palace, so this is where we went. On our arrival at Jerusalem we asked "Where is the baby born to

  • Word count: 564
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Religious Studies (Philosophy & Ethics)
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An investigation into how the length of the resistor will affect the resistance.

An investigation into how the length of the resistor will affect the resistance. Aim: In this investigation I am going to find out how the length of the resistor affects the resistance. Resistance is the ability of an object to resist the flow of current. The value depends on the resistivity of the material from which the object is made from, its shape and size. Factors I can change Cross sectional area: Investigations show that the larger the cross sectional area the lower the resistance. This is because larger cross sectional areas offer more pathways for the electrons to collide with atoms and release new electrons. Material: It is found that some materials have atoms that hold onto their electrons. These will need a lot of energy to release them for the current to flow, so affecting resistance. Temperature: As a wire is heated, atoms in it will vibrate because their energy is increased. This causes the atoms to obstruct the pathway of electrons so increasing the resistance. Length: The electrons have further to travel and in doing so will encounter more obstructions. These will cause the electron to loose energy, slowing the electron flow and so increasing the resistance. TYPE THE ONE... QUANTITY UNIT MEASURED Independent I change wire length cm meter ruler Dependent

  • Word count: 1535
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: Science
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Langston Hughess play Mulatto: A Tragedy of the Deep South, opens on Colonel Thomas Norwood's Georgia plantation.

Langston Hughes's play Mulatto: A Tragedy of the Deep South, opens on Colonel Thomas Norwood's Georgia plantation. We learn his wife has died, and Norwood lives on the plantation with Cora, his black housewife, and their mulatto children. Several of their children are light skinned enough to pass as white. In fact, his oldest girls are going to school to learn typing although Norwood thinks they are learning cooking and sewing. They are secretly preparing for more pleasant and lucrative lives as educated light-skinned negroes who can pass as white than intending to admit their entire heritage. However, Robert, one of Norwood's mulatto sons, begins thinking of himself as "Mr. Norwood" and more important than he should during this time period. He is causing problems at the post office and calling himself Norwood's son in public, causing problems for Norwood and for all the slaves on the plantation. In Act 2, scene 1 Robert has taken his sister Sallie to the train to go to school. Norwood has asked Cora to send Robert to him when he returns. Cora gets Robert to agree with anything Norwood says to him, which Robert says he will unless Norwood tries to beat him. When they meet, Norwood tells Robert that he will address him as an African American should. Robert says he is Norwood's son, and Norwood says Robert has no father. The two fight, and Robert strangles Norwood

  • Word count: 3126
  • Level: University Degree
  • Subject: Linguistics, Classics and related subjects
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Twist in an original fairytale story : Rapunzel

English Coursework, Ms.Rahena Vanessa Rachel Tauro 6/10/2012 Twist in an original fairytale story : Rapunzel Once upon a time, in the depths of a couniferious forest, there lived a witch who was very young. She resided in a large house with so much wealth that she had no idea what to do with. Her greatest love however, was plantation of different herbs. There was one herb especially which she adored the most because it was made with a magic spell and tasted amazingly well. That herb was called ‘Rapunzel’ One day, when the witch discovered a strange man ripping some off the ‘Rapunzel’ plant she was vey upset. Marching up to the sneaky peasant ‘what do you think you’re doing?!’ she yelled. ‘You have no right sneaking through my garden and pulling up my priceless herbs! I have it in my mind to report you to the police immediately! Explain yourself young man!’ The man was so surprised that he fell to the ground in fear. He proceeded to mumble that his wife had just turned 8 months pregnant and her wife was overwhelming craving for ‘Rapunzel’. The witch sighed, even though she was annoyed with the man for his burglary, she was sympathetic to his situation. So, she proposed a compromise. If she could have the honor of naming their child, he could have enough Rapunzel to last for his wife till the childs born. Seeing as a pregnant wife is not a patient

  • Word count: 1311
  • Level: GCSE
  • Subject: English
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