DISCUSS THE CONCEPT OF HOMEOSTASIS PARTICULARLY IN RELATION TO TEMPERATURE CONTROL
DISCUSS THE CONCEPT OF HOMEOSTASIS PARTICULARLY IN RELATION TO TEMPERATURE CONTROL In complex organisms organs are united to form organ systems such as the digestive, reproductive, nervous and muscular systems. The fact that all of the organ systems generally work in a highly coordinated manner suggests strongly that organisms possess distinct physiological control mechanisms that make the coordination of such highly complex processes possible. One of the most interesting features of such control mechanisms is that they are built into the system to regulate it. The controls are self-adjusting and do not require constant monitoring from an outside agent. Such controls maintain the system in equilibrium. Maintaining a constant internal environment is a struggle which of course is one that every physiological system ultimately loses; death being the final failure of the bodies system. By internal environment we mean the immediate vacinity of the cells, mammalian tissue cells are surrounded by tiny channels and spaces filled with fluid, these provide the cells with the medium in which they have to live and this represents the organs internal environment. It must be kept constant if the cells are to continue their vital functions. The importance of preserving the internal environment, despite considerable fluctuations in the external environment was first pointed out by
Homeostasis what it is and why the body does it.
Homeostasis what it is and why the body does it It is the process in which human body maintains a steady interior environment regardless of the exterior changes. The body organs can only maintain their functions powerfully within only a narrow range of conditions. For example body temperature, acidity, blood pressure, blood glucose levels, heart rate, respiratory rate and water balance. When a condition changes from where its original point is for working optimally. Its automatic regulatory mechanisms are set to work to work against the annoyance and to re-establish its original point. In order for homeostasis to occur regardless of which body system is involved receptors are needed to detect changes that are in the exterior environment. A control centre (mostly in the brain) to receive and to act on the information the receptors is giving. Effectors act to bring the system back to normal. This is called negative feedback. Negative feedback is the most common type of homeostatic control. Effecto Positive feedback effects are rare because they stimulate greater deviations from the normal and then result in a bust situation. An example of positive feedback is childbirth or the explosion of the foetus because of the continuing stimulation of the uterine muscle. If a person breaths air with a high content of carbon dioxide this is sensed by
Metabolic Homeostasis.
CONTENTS . INTRODUCTION: PAGE 3 2. OVERVIEW OF METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS: PAGE 4 * GLYCOLYSIS * GLYCONEOGENESIS 3. METABOLIC FUELS AND THE BODY'S ORGANS: PAGE 6 * METABOLIC FUELS * PRINCIPAL ORGANS INVOLVED IN REGULATION * METABOLISM AND THE G.I. TRACT * METABOLISM AND THE HEART * METABOLISM AND THE KIDNEYS * METABOLISM, BLOOD AND OTHER BODY FLUIDS 4. REGULATION HORMONES: PAGE 13 * HORMONAL RATE OF EFFECT * HORMONAL EFFECTS ON MUSCLE * HORMONAL EFFECTS ON LIVER * REGULATION OF INSULIN SECRETION * CELLULAR INSULIN ACTION * REGULATION OF GLUCAGON SECRETION * REGULATION OF FUEL METABOLISM IN EXERCISE 5. APPETITE, HUNGER AND FOOD INTAKE: PAGE 16 * INFLUENCES DICTATING HUNGER * INFLUENCES DICTATING APPETITE * FOOD INTAKE AND ENERGY BALANCE 6. GLUCOSE AND CARBOHYDRATE HOMEOSTASIS: PAGE 19 * DISPOSITION OF HIGH GLUCOSE INTAKE * GLYCOGENOLYSIS IN "FED" STATE * REGULATION OF GLYCOGENOLYSIS 7. CONCLUSIONS: PAGE 22 8. REFERENCES: PAGE 23 THIS ASSIGNMENT IS MY OWN WORK. IT HAS NOT BEEN, AND WILL NOT BE, PRESENTED FOR ASSESSMENT FOR ANY OTHER MODULE OR PIECE OF WORK WHICH ACCRUES CREDIT FOR THE AWARD FOR WHICH I AM CURRENTLY STUDYING OR FOR ANY OTHER AWARD. SIGNED: _____________________________________ . INTRODUCTION: The normal function of cells, tissues, and organisms requires energy. This energy is obtained by the oxidation
I am going to discuss what happens to the body relating to homeostasis when exercising.
Homeostasis M2 It is normal for a person to sweat at the gym or if a person has been running. But why does this happen? In this essay I am going to discuss what happens to the body relating to homeostasis when exercising. Every time the human body feels changes externally due to the changing environment, the inside of the body needs to adjust as well to this in turn to hold its average state. This process of inner balance is called homeostasis. Regardless of the changes in the environment homeostasis is where the inside of the body is kept at a balance. The body can adjust to many conditions, for example, the usual human body temperature is around 37 degrees and when the outside environment changes, the body can remain this temperature through homeostasis. This shows the body capability to control temperature, in addition to this, there are several ways the body keeps it self at a balance, and one way is through exercise. When a person exercises, the muscle tissue requests extra oxygen. The body reacts and takes action to this by extra blood flow, which forms a high blood pressure. A person needs to take in more oxygen through their breathing in turn to get more oxygen in the blood that is needed for the blood flow The procedure is the same when a person sweats. Exercise makes the body temperature go up. Then the body’s way of cooling a person down, the sweat gland
homeostasis and sports - experiments measuring the effects of exercise on the body
Aim To Investigate the effect of the game squash on the blood glucose level. Hypothesis - blood glucose level is usually affected by an activity or exertion such as a sport. Squash is a very exerting game and so a lot of glucose is required in providing energy while playing the game. The result is that the blood glucose shall fall. However homeostasis involves positive feedback and negative feedback. In this case , after a fall in the blood glucose level, positive feedback shall work to regulate the blood glucose level , by breaking down glycogen in the liver to glucose. Therefore the original glucose level shall be attained. However blood glucose level can also be influenced by the type of food that an individual has taken preceding the test.this then determines whether positive feedback or negative feedback shall occur Apparatus * A Glucometer kit * Squash rackets * Squash balls * Dettol * Cotton wool * Stopwatch Procedure . samples of blood of 2 volunteers were obtained using a sterilised lancets 2. The blood sample of an individual was then placed on the film that was provided by the glucometer kit 3. The film was inserted in the glucometer slot and the blood glucose level value was read off the screen and recorded 4. step 2 and 3 were repeated for the second volunteer 5. Afterwards, the game squash was started, and immediately the stopwatch too 6.
With Reference to Specific Examples and Mechanisms Assess the Significance of Homeostasis to the Human Body.
With Reference to Specific Examples and Mechanisms Assess the Significance of Homeostasis to the Human Body Homeostasis derives from the Greek word homeo meaning same and stasis meaning staying, therefore homeostasis refers to the maintenance of the stability of the internal environment within a body, giving an organism a level of internal independence from the external environment (1). The actual environment of the cells of the body is the interstitial component of the Extra-Cellular Fluid (ECF), this fluid has to be kept constant from the changing external environment or necrosis occurs. Since normal cell function depend upon the constancy of this fluid, it is not surprising that in multicellular animals, an immense number of regulator mechanisms have evolved to maintain it. W.B cannon used the term homeostasis to describe the various physiological arrangements which serve to restore the normal state once it has been disturbed (2). Homeostatic mechanisms involves the interactions of many organs and systems in providing the optimum conditions for the cells, which results in optimum environment for the enzymes to work in thus keeping the cell alive. The mammalian kidney is central to homeostasis, being involved in the regulation of water and salt balance, pH and metabolites levels. The liver is centrally concerned in the regulations of the metabolite levels and
Providing Feedback
Feedback Feedback is a method of giving advice and support to a fellow colleague or peer. It can provide a positive outlook from somebody else's perspective and, when both given and received well, can help to create a better piece of work. Both positive and negative feedback (more commonly known as 'constructive criticism') can help to achieve goals and further develop a career. It can also enhance relationships between colleagues and build personal confidence. Feedback, when given constructively, encourages self-esteem and engages the recipient to further develop their skills. A trial and error feedback method can help to improve personal weaknesses and develop strengths. The social learning theory of Albert Bandura emphasises the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Bandura (1977) states: "Learning would be exceedingly laborious, not to mention hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do". It is quite possible to produce a piece of literature that reflects everything that you could possibly know and demonstrates your utmost skill of writing. Consequently, without the input of others and their response to a piece of work, there is no effective way to make it better, as every piece of literature is open to criticism and dispute, irrespective of the
Feedback Coursework
Feedback Coursework Feedback is a source of learning to help sportspeople improve or correct a performance. When we use feedback, its aim is to help us analyze and improve our performance. We learn skills through practice, and the learning is greatly affected by the type and method of feedback we receive. The term feedback refers to all the information we receive about our performance. Below are two types of feedback that are commonly used throughout training and the learning of skill. Continuous feedback is the type of feedback we receive during our performance. This type of feedback comes in two forms, kinaesthesis and proprioception. It is basically where we, as a performer, are talked through a skill. Terminal feedback is the feedback we receive after a performance has been completed. Football teams watch a recording of a previous match, where praise or criticism is given in order to help either the individual, or team. However, feedback isn't everything. Every player will benefit also from experience. Alongside appropriate feedback players will store this information in their memory and recall it in a match-type situation. Even thought feedback is used throughout a player's participation, it is essential in the earliest of the three learning stages. Good and appropriate feedback during the cognitive phase is crucial in building a player's confidence at an early
Feedback skill acquisition
Skill Acquisition Discus the role of feedback in the learning of skills Jose Mourinho giving feedback to one of his players A racing driver would give themselves feedback to tell themselves to catch the car in front as well as people from the pit lane telling them to do so. Feedback is described as any kind of sensory information, not just that concerning errors. Feedback is very much associated with guidance. In order to learn and develop new skills guidance and feedback is necessary. Whilst guidance information is related to the task ahead, feedback is information on what we have done. Factors effecting feedback should be given as close to the type of performance as possible, it should be accurate, constructive and understandable. The most appropriate form of feedback depends on the learners and the type of activity that is being learnt weather it is an individual activity, team activity or racket activity. There are 8 different forms of feedback, feedback can be: * Positive * Negative * Extrinsic/augmented * Intrinsic * Terminal * Concurrent * Knowledge of performance (KP) * Knowledge of results (KR) Positive Positive feedback is used when a performer has performed something that is correct and innovative, this is essential for learning, people need to know what is correct so they know what to repeat, if positive feedback is never received then a performer
Comparing and and contrasting the endocrine system with the nervous system in their control of homeostasis.
________________ Homeostasis ________________ ________________ Comparing and and contrasting the endocrine system with the nervous system in their control of homeostasis. Introduction Homeostasis is a process of regulating and constant internal environment in respond to external factors and takes place through biological processes (Thibodeau & Patton 2008). These processes naturalize changes that affect metabolic equilibrium. For life system parameters to be regulated and monitored for its current status it is important for the body to have sensor mechanism (Thibodeau & Patton 2008). The status can be checked against the “set ideal point” and response then would be initiated to restore to normal condition- balance (Thibodeau & Patton 2008). The most important properties, which are regulated, are: temperature, blood pressure, plasma osmolality, oxygen levels and metabolite levels (Bradley & Calvert 2011). Balanced internal environment allows cells to function appropriately. In a situation where plasma potassium level wouldn’t be controlled to set limits, this would affect membranes in excitable tissues which in result lead to hart failure or even death (Bradley & Calvert 2011). Homeostatic processes are based on a feedback loop, which allows to constantly monitoring level of substances or parameters (Bradley & Calvert 2011). Any change of the levels away from
