The blance sheet for russia.
The blance sheet for russia The Russian Revolution of 1917 was one of the greatest events in history. If we leave aside the heroic episode of the Paris Commune, for the first time millions of downtrodden workers and peasants took political power into their own hands, sweeping aside the despotic rule of the capitalists and landlords, and set out to create a socialist world order. Destroying the old Tsarist regime that held sway for a thousand years, they had conquered one-sixth of the world's land surface. The ancien régime was replaced by the rule of a new democratic state system: the Soviet of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies. It heralded the beginning of the world revolution, inspiring the hopes and dreams of millions who had lived through the nightmare of the first world war. Notwithstanding the terrible backwardness of Russia, the new Socialist Soviet Republic represented a decisive threat to the world capitalist order. It struck terror in bourgeois circles, who rightly regarded it as a threat to their power and privileges, but comforted themselves with the notion that the Bolshevik regime was likely to only last a matter of weeks. The nationalised property relations that emerged from the revolution, the foundations of an entirely new social system, entered into direct conflict with the capitalist form of society. Despite the emergence of Stalinism, this
adolf hitler
Adolf Hitler Top of Form Bottom of Form Top of Form Bottom of Form Spartacus, USA History, British History, Second World War, First World War, Germany, Nazi Germany, Teaching History, History Lessons Online, Author, Search Website, Email Adolf Hitler was born on 20th April, 1889, in the small Austrian town of Braunau near the German border. Both Hitler's parents had come from poor peasant families. His father Alois Hitler, the illegitimate son of a housemaid, was an intelligent and ambitious man and later became a senior customs official. Klara Hitler was Alois' third wife. Alois was twenty-three years older than Klara and already had two children from his previous marriages. Klara and Alois had five children but only Adolf and a younger sister, Paula, survived to become adults. Alois, who was fifty-one when Adolf was born, was extremely keen for his son to do well in life. Alois did have another son by an earlier marriage but he had been a big disappointment to him and eventually ended up in prison for theft. Alois was a strict father and savagely beat his son if he did not do as he was told. Hitler did extremely well at primary school and it appeared he had a bright academic future in front of him. He was also popular with other pupils and was much admired for his leadership qualities. He was also a deeply religious child and for a while considered the possibility
The History of Conflict in Ireland.
The History of this Conflict An American audience may find it difficult to comprehend the sense of history which is in the Irish conflict. It goes back to the 1920s when the island was partitioned, and Catholics in Northern Ireland believed that they were on the wrong side of that border, and believed that they had been done out of their political heritage. But Protestants have a sense of history which goes back to at least the seventeenth century, where from the time of the plantation of Ulster at the beginning of the 1600s, they have had to look to their own resources to ensure that they remained in control in the north of Ireland because they'd lost control in the rest of Ireland. So what you have are two sides with a very strong sense of history, a history in which they believed themselves to be victims, Catholics believed themselves to be victims, Protestants believed themselves to be victims, so they had two clashing senses of history. And as long as they had that selective sense of history, then they could do anything in the present and use history as to justify what they did in the present. And that is why history is such a potent force in the Irish conflict. You must remember that Ireland had been Britain's oldest colonial problem, oldest unsolved colonial problem. She was dismantling empire here, there and everywhere; the one question she could never settle
Cold War Summary, quotes and revision notes.
The Cold War 1945 - 1991 ) Origins of the Cold War 1945 - 1953 - 1945 Conferences and the emergence of the superpowers The origins of the Cold War * Disputes between the US & USSR centred around two major issues - Eastern Europe (US planned for free elections - Stalin was determined to create a secure zone of friendly communist governments - Stalin prevailed) and Germany (disagreed over the treatment of the defeated Germany - US favoured lenient treatment, USSR favoured harsh treatment) * Divisions were acknowledged by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in a speech in March 1946 when he used the phrase "the iron curtain" 945 Conferences Name: Yalta Conference Date: 4-11th February 1945 People: US president Franklin Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, Soviet Leader Joseph Stalin Discussed: German reparations, Polish government, United Nations, Japan Resolved: * Agreement that the three nations (as well as France) would control post-war Germany * Soviet's demanded that Germany pay heavy reparations to help compensate for WWII losses, US & Britain were hesitant as such restrictions could hamper economic recovery for Europe. Reparations were agreed to but the actual figure not decided. * The Lublin committee - Provisional Polish Government set up under Soviet support and consisting of communists - would be broadened to include others -
Thr opposition of the Church.
THE OPPOSITION OF THE CHURCH The list of "bystanders" -- those who declined to challenge the Third Reich in any way -- that emerges from any study of the Holocaust is long and depressing. Few organizations, in or outside Nazi Germany, did much to resist Nazism or aid its victims. Assisting European Jews was not a high priority of the Allied governments as they sought to defeat Hitler militarily. The courageous acts of individual rescuers and resistance members proved to be the exception, not the norm. To a great extent, this inertia defined the organized Christian community as well. Churches throughout Europe were mostly silent while Jews were persecuted, deported and murdered. In Nazi Germany in September 1935, there were a few Christians in the Protestant Confessing Church who demanded that their Church take a public stand in defence of the Jews. Their efforts, however, were overruled by Church leaders who wanted to avoid any conflict with the Nazi regime. Internationally, some Church leaders in Europe and North America did condemn the Nazis' measures against the Jews, and there were many debates about how Christians outside Nazi Germany and Nazi-occupied territory should best respond to Hitler's brutal policies. These discussions, however, tended to become focused more on secondary strategic considerations -- like maintaining good relations with colleagues in the German
Nazism and the New Age.
By Will Boulala Aged 16 Nazism "Creation is not finished. Man is clearly approaching a phase of metamorphosis. The earlier human species has already reached the stage of dying out.... All of the force of creation will be concentrated in a new species... [which] will surpass infinitely modern man.... Do you understand now the profound meaning of our National Socialist movement?" (Adolf Hitler, quoted by Hermann Rauschning, _Hitler ma'a dit [Hitler Speaks]_ p.147, translated in _The Occult and the Third Reich_, Jean & Michel Angebert, p.178.) "You'll think I'm crazy, but listen to me: Hitler will bring us to a catastrophe. But his ideas, once they have been transformed, will acquire a new strength." (Joseph Goebbels to his aide-de-camp, Prince Schaumburg-Lippe, quoted in Angeberts, p.234) Nazism and the New Age While most Jews are sure that Hitler represented the Christian community, his associates knew better. In this section we see not only that Hitler rejected Christianity, but that there is also ample research showing that Hitler founded far more than a political regime - the Third Reich was an occult-based religious movement to usher in the same New Age examined in this series. [For documentation besides the Angeberts, see also D. Sklar, _The Nazis and the Occult_; Joseph Carr, _The Twisted Cross_; Robert G.L. Waite, _The Psychopathic God - Adolf Hitler_; Gerald
How important were Haig's tactics in bringing an end to WW1?
How important were Haig's tactics on the Western Front in bringing an end to the First World War when compared to a. The War at Sea b. The Eastern Front c. America entering the war d. New Technology How important were Haig's tactics in bringing an end to WW1? Field Marshall Douglass Haig was appointed Commanding Chief on the Western Front on December 15th. He was born in Edinburgh 1861 and was educated at Clifton Boarding School and Brasenose College, Oxford. In 1833, Haig entered Sandhurst Military Academy, where he failed a competitive entrance exam for officer training at Staff College. He also failed the medical due to colour blindness. However, he still entered this college through the influence of the Prince of Wales and two years later, he fought with the cavalry regiment in Egypt. In 1899, he fought in South Africa against the Boers and in 1903; he was appointed Inspector General of cavalry in India. Haig believed that World War 1 would be a war of attrition, which means it is a war of numbers. Haig was wealthy upper class and was taught never to shrink from an attack, but always to keep on wearing the enemy down and then to send in the cavalry followed by the infantry. He wore the enemy down with a bombardment of mines and shells. This was his tactic and he seldom changed it, this was his very repetitive tactic. Haig was not very good at oral communication so
Cold War Short Essays - Questions and Answers.
Transfer-Encoding: chunked Section 4 – How did the Cold War develop? Describe one decision made by the Allies about the war against Germany at the Tehran Conference in 1943 (2 marks) The allies agreed that in the aftermath of the war, the USSR could have a soviet sphere of influence amongst the other countries in Eastern Europe. Describe one reason why there was tension between the superpowers at the Tehran Conference in 1943 (2 marks) There was tension between USSR and USA and GBR because Stalin wanted to weaken Germany by forcing them to pay large sums of reparations - this would mean that they would be too weak to attempt another war. However, Churchill and Roosevelt wanted to rebuild Germany because they wanted to stop history from repeating itself, as it did with World War I. Describe one reason why the Allies met at Yalta in February 1945 (2 marks) The allies met to discuss what would happen to Germany know that they had full control over them. They wanted to equally share out the land and resources and thus they decided to divide Berlin into four sections, and Germany into four sections as well – one for each country. Describe one reason why the Marshall Plan was drawn up in 1947 (2 marks) The Marshall Plan was drawn up because the USA wanted to contain the spread of communism. The USA was committed to an economic recovery of the west and believed that
Why did women fail to gain the vote between 1900-1914?
Why did women fail to gain the vote between 1900-1914? There are many reasons why women failed to gain the right to vote between 1900 and 1914, these different reasons did not just appear overnight some were had been institutionalised into the very core of British society over a great length of time. The other reasons were public responses to, the then, recent actions of the groups looking to gain the vote for women. For the purpose of this coursework I will separate these reasons into three major factors that explain why women failed to gain the vote between 1900 and 1914. . Long-term factors: First I am going to study the long-term causes, as it is with these that the climate of the situation at the time in question can be viewed in its entirety. At the start of the 20th century Britain was a patriarchal society, one dominated by males with women considered as lower class citizens. Most women were seen as their husbands' property and were there to meet all their requirements, these requirements included doing all domestic work, bringing up any children they may have and being there to please them sexually. Another long-term reason that caused those who wished to have the vote for women an uphill struggle was the general consensus, in the government, that women did not deserve the vote or in fact want the vote. This particular view would prove to be a very stubborn
Questions on World War One.
Questions on World War One To what extent did nationalism within the Austria-Hungarian Empire contribute to the outbreak of war in 1914? Nationalism within Austria-Hungary: a struggle for self-determination. But Austria-Hungary was brave to meet the challenge and to struggle for preservation of the Empire. Result: internally, proposal of extending the dual rule to a triple or a quadruple one; externally, nationalistic rivalries started between Austria and Serbia, between Austria and Russia. Her solution was to annex neighbouring states having fellow peoples within the Empire. It contributed to the outbreak of Austro-Serbian War. But the extension of these rivalries was caused by the alliance system and militarism. If nationalism within Austria-Hungary contributed, so did nationalism of other powers (Pan-Slavism, Greater Serbia Movement, French Revanchism, Pan-Germanism, etc.) The Great War was caused by a complexity of conflicts. To what extent was nationalism a disruptive force in Europe during the period 1900-1914? Nationalism . Nationalism aimed at national independence in initial stage 2. It looked to national expansion and domination National conflicts in the period of 1900-1914 . Nationalism in the Balkans to struggle to remain independent. - they wanted to dismember the Ottoman Empire and drive the Turks from Europe. To save the Empire, the Young Turks
