Find out how the length and width affect the resistance of a graphite track.
1E GCSE PHYSICS INVESTIGATION PLAN AIM To find out how the length and width affect the resistance of a graphite track. INTRODUCTION In this experiment I will be investigating the electrical resistance of carbon in the form of graphite. Carbon is widely considered to be a conductor; in fact it is the only non-metal conductor. However, physicists think of carbon as a semi conductor. It is a poor conductor at low temperatures, but improves to become reasonable conductor, though not as good as for example copper, silver and gold at room temperature. If one refers to appendix B, the resistively1 chart shows how much more of an efficient conductor gold is in comparison to carbon. This means it is easier for electrons to carry charge through gold than carbon. Carbon has a unique structure, which allows electrical energy to be conducted. There are several types of carbon: carbon 60, graphite and diamond. Carbon exists in these different structures because it has allotropes. Due to its covalent structure carbon can form different allotropes, because of the way the electron orbits join. This applies to carbon in the form of graphite. Carbon in the form of diamond is an electrical insulator. This is because it does not have any loosely held electrons. The structures of carbon look like: However, graphite is bonded in a different way. The electrons orbit in a figure of 8. Electrons
How does the weight of a pendulum effect its oscillation time.
How does the weight of a pendulum effect its oscillation time Plan The key factors that could affect this experiment are that the length of pendulum varying will change how far it has to swing to complete an oscillation. The weight of the pendulum will have a effect on the oscillation time because the pendulum will have more weights which will increase the surface area for air resistance to take place this is the only possible way the weight of the pendulum will affect the oscillation time because, gravity is a standard force, so the weight will not effect the amount of gravity taking place. The angle at which it is dropped at is another key factor because, if it is dropped from higher up it has longer to pick up speed so therefore it shall travel higher up giving it a longer oscillation time. If the pendulum is dropped from a lower then it shall have less time to pick up speed and so will not travel as high up on the other side. The force at which it is released, if the pendulum is pushed it shall have gained more speed than if it was just released because it started with more momentum. Before we carried out the experiment we did some preliminary work testing by how much we should increase the weight each time, we also tested different lengths of string to see which was most effective. We decided to increase the weight by 100g each time so we timed the weight of the
Investigating the factors which affect the flow of electricity
Jenni Fisher 10.1 There are a number of ways in which resistance can be affected, some of which are the length of the wire. This can affect the resistance because if we increase the amount of wire, the current has to travel through more therefore increasing the resistance. Another way in which resistance can be affected is the thickness of the wire. If the wire is very thin, the current wont have as much room to pass through causing it to "struggle" through the wire, therefore causing ore resistance. Changing the metal, can also cause resistance, due to some metals are better conductors of electricity then others. To cause my resistance, I have chosen to change the length of the wire through out the experiment, can also cause resistance, due to some metals being better conductors of electricity then others. To cause my resistance, I have chosen to change the length of the wire through out the experiment. Predictions: In this investigation, I am trying to find out whether or not increasing the wire will cause more or less resistance. I predict that the more we increase the wire the more the resistance will increase, causing the current to decrease. We can say: The shorter the wire the less resistance. The longer the wire the more resistance. Which means if we lengthen the wire less current will pass through. Scientific Knowledge: Resistance is the property of a
Home Insulation ProjectHow heat is lost from the home.Heat is lost mainly from areas in the home which are least protected with insulation from the outside climate
Home Insulation Project How heat is lost from the home. Heat is lost mainly from areas in the home which are least protected with insulation from the outside climate. In most houses the most heat is lost through the roof, this is because heat rises and many people don't live in their roofs/lofts so there is no point for having insulations in the floor, ceiling and walls if no one is going to be in their for very long periods of time. Convection currents form over land that is warmer than the surrounding land. The current of warm air are referred to as thermals. For example, when a portion of the atmosphere becomes heated by contact with a warm area of land, it rises into the cooler, higher altitudes, with the result that some of the moisture carried with it may be condensed to form clouds and precipitation. In houses that have gas fires with a chimney, the hot gases are extracted out to the atmosphere outside the home through the chimney. If this is doesn't happen there would be a high risk that the fire would use up all of the oxygen and then as soon as some oxygen was released or allowed to enter the room the fire would gain energy and immediately release powerful burst of fire through out the entire room/ building. Some fires are made so that they allow air from under the floor and through the walls to enter into the vicinity, if this is not the case with the fire then
Does the length of a wire effect the Resistance?
Science Coursework Does the length of a wire effect the Resistance? I am doing an experiment to test whether the length of a wire affects the Resistance. Resistance is anything in the circuit which slows the flow down. If you increase the resistance less current will flow. My aim is to find out whether resistance is affected when the length of the wire differs. Below is an empty graph of the data I am going to collect. Except I am only going up to 1m, not 1.2m. Background Knowledge Resistance is determined by how good or bad a conductor a material is. Electrons move more easily through some conductors when a potential difference is applied. A good conductor has a low resistance while a poor conductor has a high resistance. The structure of a metal affects the resistance because they have a sea of electrons which allows electrons to pass threw easily, decreasing the resistance. I already know that there are some factors which affect the Resistance in a wire, these include: o Material it's made of o Temperature o Length o Width The material the wires made of would affect the resistance in a wire because as I've already mentioned, Electrons move more easily through good conductors making the resistance lower. Whereas if the wire was not a good conductor electrons would not be able to move around freely, this would then increase the resistance. I know that temperature
An experiment to find the resistivity of nichrome
An experiment to find the resistivity of nichrome A. Planning Plan of the method to be used: - The resistivity of nichrome can be determined using the equation ??=?RA/L Where: R:- Is the resistance of the wire in ?"ohms" and can be determined using the equation R=V/I where "V" is voltage in volts and "I" is current in Amperes. L:- Is the length of the nichrome wire used in metres. A:- Is the cross-sectional area of the wire in metres square and can be determined using the equation A= ??d2 where "d" is the diameter of the wire. If I plot a graph of length on the x-axis against resistance on the y-axis. From the relation R = ? L /A which corresponds to the st. line equation ? y=mx the graph should be a st. line passing through the origin where "m" is the gradient of the st. line graph and corresponds to ?/A. Since the cross-sectional area of the wire can be found by knowing it's diameter. Therefore the resistivity of nichrome can be calculated. ? Diagram of the circuit used in this experiment List of the apparatus used: - - Power pack supply of 4V 2-A variable resistor 3-A full scale deflection ammeter with a measuring range of 0-1 A 4-A digital voltmeter with a measuring range of 0-5 V 5-P, Q represents terminal blocks. 6-Circuit wires 7-PQ=Nichrome wire 8-A meter ruler 9-Michrometer screw-gauge 0-Sellotape Detailed method: - I set up the circuit
To investigate the time taken for the pendulum to oscillate for a time period.
Aim: To investigate the time taken for the pendulum to oscillate for a time period. Introduction: This experiment looks at the relationship between the length of string on a pendulum and the time taken for the pendulum to oscillate for a period. Oscillation is the process by which the pendulum swings from one peak to the other peak and back again. The period is the time taken for the pendulum to oscillate from one side to the other and back again. This experiment investigates the physics of simple harmonic motion and energy transfer. Factors: The factors affecting the rate that a pendulum swings are: * The height from which the pendulum is released from - Swinging the pendulum back from its stationary point gives the pendulum more potential gravitational energy. Take for instance the weight of the pendulum is 20g and is released from 5cm from its stationary height, then the pendulum has 0.01 J of potential energy (m.g.h). Doubling the height would therefore double the amount of potential energy and give 0.02 J. Potential energy will affect the speed at which the pendulum travels and therefore will effect the rate at which it swings. If the pendulum is released within a small distance from the normal then this factor will not really effect the period of oscillation. It will be more effective on a physical pendulum rather than the simple pendulum as simple
To devise an experiment to investigate on how the resistance of nichrome wire depends on its length
Physics practical coursework PLANNING Aim: To devise an experiment to investigate on how the resistance of nichrome wire depends on its length. Introduction In this physics practical coursework I will be "Investigating how the resistance of Nichrome wire depends on its length." We will be investigating via an experiment carried out in class using the apparatus available to us. We know that electrical resistances arise when there are collisions between electrons and the ions (positive cations), and we will be trying to prove this, by this experiment. The nichrome wire which we will be using will be 24 S.W.G. (standard wire gage). We will basically keep the current the same throughout the experiment, and measure the variations in voltage as the length of the wire is increased or decreased. The Variables The variables for this experiment are: -Temperature -Cross sectional area -Current in the wire -Length of wire -Diameter of wire -Type of wire We are investigating the effects of changing the length of wire, and so only this variable will be changed and experimented on! All other variables will be controlled and kept constant throughout the whole experiment. How to make experiment a fair test Since we are investigating the effects of changing the length of wire, only this variable will be changed and experimented on! All other variables will be controlled
The effect on resistance when a length of wire is changed
Physics Coursework Investigating the effect on resistance when a length of wire is changed By Yasmin Alobaidi Preliminary Investigation Method Firstly, I will investigate the effect on resistance when the length of wire is changed using a power-pack setting of 2V, 4V and 6V. I will compare the results to see which setting is the most suitable. I will choose three wire lengths (short, medium, long) and test each voltage setting for each length of wire. I will carry out one test for each voltage setting. I will use these results to compare with my main investigation to ensure that the results are reliable. Prediction I predict that the 4V setting will be the most suitable because I think that the 2v setting will be too low and will not produce high enough numbers which will be harder to use to calculate the resistance and take notice of the relationship between resistance and length, and the 6V setting will be too high and produce heat energy which will affect the results. Equipment List Power pack Length of wire Ammeter Voltmeter Wires Crocodile clips Results Voltage (V) Voltage Setting (volts) Length Of Wire (mm) 2 4 6 200 .48 2.90 4.35 600 .64 3.29 5.06 000 .72 3.44 5.29 Current (A) Voltage Setting (volts) Length Of Wire (mm) 2 4 6 200 .28 2.82 4.54 600 0.72 .46 2.25 000 0.44 0.92 .45 Analysis The results show
How Does the Length of a Wire Affect Its Resistance?
HOW DOES THE LENGTH OF A WIRE AFFECT ITS RESISTANCE? INTRODUCTION Resistance is the property that transforms electrical energy into heat energy, in opposing electrical current. A good conductor has a low resistance and a poor conductor has high resistance. The resistance of a wire of a certain material . increases as its cross-section area decreases, 2. depends on the material AIM My aim is to find how the electrical resistance of a wire changes in relationship to its length. PREDICTION My prediction is that if the length of a wire increases the resistance increases. I also predict that the rate at which the resistance of the wire increases will be directly proportional to the length. I predict this using the idea of free electrons, a property of the atoms of all conductors is that they have free electrons in the outer shell of their structure, as a result the outer electrons are able to move about freely even in a solid (shown below). Within the metal atoms there are free electrons, it is these free electrons which provide the conductivity of metals. The free electrons have to move in order to provide the current (shown below), the slower they move, the more the resistance, the faster they move, the less resistance. Therefore, if the wire is long then that means that the free electrons have to travel further, they have to dodge more metal atoms-this slows the
