p1: explain the purpose and role of research for the health and social care sector
P1: Explain the purpose and role of research for the health and social care sectors. Research is an intellectual investigation to get a greater knowledge or understanding of events, behaviours and theories. Research is very active and systematic process of inquiry aimed at revising, discovering and interpreting facts and also for law establishment and theories. Many organisations have research as an essential tool, though it is exceptional in the health and social care industry. Research in health and social care is for: * Demographic. Prior to planning the delivery of services. Establishing population patterns and statistics. * Epidemiology. Exploring patterns of disease. * Quality assurance. Feedback from service user about service. * Hypothesis. Exploring theories. * Knowledge. To extend understanding of theories * Reviewing and monitoring changes in practice. When health and social care practitioners are planning a new service they need to do research which focuses on the demographic data such as: population size, age, gender etc. This is so the practitioners can predict and plan for the future. Epidemiology investigates the cause, prevalence and spread of disease. Therefore the feedback from this research is very important and it is to help develop strategies to prevent and treat diseases. An example of this research is the United Kingdom Childhood Cancer
Easyjet
From: Pablo Cortez To: Tracy Feist Date: 29/09/08 Overview: The following is a report into a private sector organisation known as Easyjet. Easyjet is a Public Limited Company and trades on the London Stock Exchange. It is a financially strong company being Europes No.1 Air Network. Easyjet's principal activity is providing airline services on short-haul and medium-haul point-to-point routes within Europe. Flying 872 times a day, It operates a fleet of 137 aircraft through 77 airport networks in 21 countries with a workforce of 5493 employees. This report will look into the purpose of the easyjet, how easyjet is run, its mission statement , concept, culture, overall performance, financial information, and other general operating activities. Main Findings: The airline was founded by Sir Stelios Haji-Ioannou in 1995, and he and his family remain major shareholders in easyJet PLC . easyJet currently operates throughout the UK and mainland Europe. The fleet of aircraft consists of 55 owned and 82 under operating lease, comprising of 107 Airbus A319's and 30 Boeing 737-700's. easyJet favours an informal company culture with a very flat management structure, which it believes eliminates unnecessary and wasteful layers of management. easyJet has a casual dress policy for all office based employees and bans ties with the exception of pilots. The airline is based at Hangar
Catholic discrimination in Northern Ireland in terms of Housing and Employment
There has been a long history of violence, prejudice, and discrimination between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland, particularly highlighted throughout the 1960s, when Catholics were discriminated against by the Protestant Stormont Government in both employment and housing. Hence, in order to understand in what ways and how much it occurred, both these areas must be investigated. Firstly, one must look at how the Catholics were discriminated against in terms of employment, and to what extent this occurred. In the public sector, Catholics suffered great difficulties being employed, as there appears to have been some bias towards employing Protestants, especially in senior levels of the civil service. For example, in a report by the Cameron Commission in 1969, it is stated, "[As of October 1968] In County Fermanagh, no senior council posts, (and relatively few others) were held by Catholics" and according to the Sunday Times, in the same county, in 1961 "322 of the [370] posts, including the top ones, were filled with Protestants. This shows how during the 1960s, the Catholics in Fermanagh did not have many jobs at a high level in the public sector. This is particularly interesting because the majority of people in Fermanagh were Catholics, hence highlighting the extent of their discrimination. The Sunday Times also wrote that in Derry "of 177 salaried employees,
Investigating Travel & Tourism
Unit 1 - Investigating Travel & Tourism Table of Contents UNIT 1 - INVESTIGATING TRAVEL & TOURISM 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 E1 KEY POST-WAR DEVELOPMENTS 5 . The changing social economic circumstances 7 2. Technological developments 7 3. Product development and innovation 7 4. Changing consumer needs and expectations and fashions 7 E1 CHANGING SOCIAL ECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES 8 . Increase in Leisure Time 8 2. Disposable Income 9 3. Car Ownership 10 E1 TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS 11 2. Communication and information systems 12 3. Product Development 12 E1 FEATURES OF THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 14 E1 FEATURES OF THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 14 The National Tourist Boards (NTB's) 15 The Voluntary Sector 16 New Technologies 16 External Pressures 16 Currency Fluctuation 16 Legislation 17 Climate Change 17 Natural Disasters 17 War, Acts of Terrorism 17 Impact on Host Communities 17 Economic 18 Social 18 Environmental 18 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK INDUSTRY AND ITS ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 20 Business Tourism 22 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 23 Travel and Tourism Revenue 23 Contribution to the Balance of Payments 23 E2 - SCALE OF THE UK INDUSTRY AND ITS ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 25 E3 A FULL EXPLANATION OF THE PRESENT STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY 26 . Accommodation and Catering 27 Serviced Accommodation 27 Self Serviced Accommodation
How important are staff/management relations?
A good relationship between staff and management is one in which each party respects and trusts one another, communicates with and understands one another and understands clearly what is expected of each other. Each party must make a fair contribution towards satisfying the interests of the other party. Demands placed on each other must be reasonable. Compromise and co-operation both play important roles in safeguarding the interests of the business while also satisfying the conflicting interests of it's workforce. It is imperative to build and maintain healthy staff/management relations for the following reasons. Good relations help to prevent disputes and if conflict does arise it can be better resolved between staff and management who have already developed a good working relationship which helps to ensure as little disruption to normal operations as possible. Good staff/management relations lead to high morale amongst a workforce. A happy workforce is a more productive one. The employer will also find it easier to retain its employees. Poor relations can lead to an unhappy workforce and dissatisfied management which is likely to result in reduced productivity and the overall failure of the business. The interests of a company and the interests of it's workforce are often in conflict with each other. A number of practices must be in place in order to simultaneously
Supermarkets in UK - An oligopily
Introduction to super markets The "normal" way to buy food has changed dramatically over the last half century, with the small independent shops such as butchers, greengrocers, fishmongers and bakers which dominated the High Street in the 1950s disappearing and being replaced by the ubiquitous supermarket. Today, 60% of British shoppers purchase most of their groceries in one weekly shop. The growth of the sector over the last fifty years has been remarkable. In 1950 the multiple supermarkets represented just 20% of the food retail market. By 1961 this had risen to 27%; by 1971 to 44%. As the trend continued, a generation has grown up relying on the convenience and choice of supermarket food. Of course some independent retailers went out of business, but the consumer is king - and consumers felt that the price was worth paying. But the price tag got higher. Between 1997 and 2002 more than 13,000 specialist stores around the UK - including newsagents, Post Offices, grocers, bakers, butchers - closed, unable to cope with the competition from the multiples. A recent study by the Institute of Grocery Distribution revealed that 2,157 independent shops went out of business or became part of a larger company in 2004, compared with a previous annual average of around 300 a year. Traffic congestion rocketed as more large stores were constructed out of town. Tales abounded of the
Aims of tesco
Aims and Objectives of Tesco Tesco like any other company has aims and objectives that they create and try to meet within a set time. Operating on such a large scale requires a clear path for overall success and to sustain market position, therefore Tesco obviously takes setting aims and objectives as a serious task. Clearly Tesco has been successful and I believe this has been through setting 'SMART' objectives which provided firstly the company with a clear path on where they want to go, and each store with a path on what they must do to meet the overall goals of Tesco as a whole. Realistically in today's modern world there is now more need to concentrate on other factors than just financial ones for a company to be successful. Companies need to evaluate ethical factors as well as customer centred factors and examine how to meet them. Tesco states that their core purpose is 'to create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty' as their success depends on it. Tesco believe in treating their customer and staff in the best way possible and try to best meet their needs. Tesco believes that if their team find the job rewarding then they are more likely to give a better service to their customers, thus creating a better shopping environment. In order to try and meet their overall aim Tesco introduced the 'Every Little Helps Strategy'. This strategy was the result of
Has Neofunctionalism Been Superseded By A New 'Liberal Intergovernmentalism" As Currently The Most Convincing Theoretical Explanation of European Political Integration?
Has Neofunctionalism Been Superseded By A New 'Liberal Intergovernmentalism" As Currently The Most Convincing Theoretical Explanation of European Political Integration? From an ambitious project originally envisaged to remove the catastrophe of war from such a war-torn continent, the European project has proceeded in 'fits and starts'. Since its inception, there has been much debate regarding what forces drive the integration process forward. Why now, when interstate war in Europe seems impossible, do member states continue to 'pool' their sovereignty in so many areas? Two theories have dominated previous attempts to answer the question of "how and why states cease to be wholly sovereign, how and why they voluntarily mingle, merge and mix with their neighbours, so as to lose the factual attributes of sovereignty."1 Neofunctionalism, the idea that the integration process, once started, develops its own momentum for further integration, saw the height of popularity in the 1960s, following the initial success of the ECSC/EEC and the hugely influential theoretical explanation by Ernst Haas. The second theory, Liberal Intergovernmentalism, surfaced in the 1990s and was championed by Andrew Moravcsik. It saw flaws in neofunctionalist thinking and instead offered an alternative account in which the integrative process was always, and remains, in the hands of national governments;
Sainsbury's organizational structure.
Task 3 (E4, C2, A1) Sainsbury's organizational structure Businesses are structured into different into ways according to the way they operate and according to their culture. The structure of business can affect the way it works and performs. You need to understand the differences between the following types of structure: * Tall * Flat * Matrix * Hierarchical Flat and tall structure:- The term 'scalar chain is a rather old fashioned one and stems from the days when large organizations were bureaucratic, with lots of layers between the top and bottom. Scalar chain refers to the number of levels within the structure or hierarchy of an organization. The scalar chain set out the authority, responsibility and the framework that determined superior and subordinate relationships. The idea of setting out everyone's role and position is to make it clear who is responsible for what, and that there is clear line of authority. Matrix structure:- A matrix structure can be used to combine the grouping method we have identified. In such a matrix it is probable that each member of the organization will belong to two or more groups. A matrix is thus a combination of structures, which enables employees to contribute to a mix of activities. The matrix enables the organization to focus upon a number of aims at the same time, and gives it the flexibility to respond to new markets where
¿Cuál es la posición que ocupa Master Mills en la industria?
Diploma en Marketing Estrategias de Distribución Profesor: Hernán Palacios ESCUELA DE ADMINISTRACIÓN Caso # 1 Masterton Mills Integrantes: Mariela Alvarado Macarena Gallardo Patricia Gallardo Adriana Ubilla Fabiola Negron Santiago de Chile, 20 de julio de 2004 . ¿Cuál es la posición que ocupa Master Mills en la industria? Industria La industria de Alfombras y Tapices en EEUU a la cual pertenece la empresa Masterton Mills ha alcanzado la etapa de madurez, lo cual se ve reflejado en los siguientes hechos: * Disminución de la participación de mercado de la industria de alfombras y tapices en la industria de los cubrepisos en EEUU * Fusiones, adquisiciones y quiebras entre 1985-1995 * Disminución en la demanda y ventas, especialmente en el sector Residencial con una baja de 6% desde 1994. * Exceso de capacidad de fabricación. * Escasos márgenes de utilidad. En 1995, 100 fabricantes de alfombras y tapices se reparten el mercado de los EEUU. El 10% de los fabricantes tenía el 87% de las ventas en dólares de la industria y fabricaban el 75% de todas las alfombras y tapices. El otro 90 % de las empresas fabricantes eran de tamaño intermedio, tenían el 13% de las ventas en dólares y el 29% de éstos se especializaba solo en alfombras, perteneciendo Masterton Mills, Inc. a este último grupo. Las ventas en la industria de las Alfombras y Tapices
