How much progress was there between the Middle Ages (1350) and the renaissance period(1750)?
How much progress was there between the Middle Ages (1350) and the renaissance period(1750)? The Renaissance period was during the 16th and 17th century, there were an impressive amount of changes as well as a staggering improvement in medicine as a result of these changes however there were numerous elements that remained the identical. The Renaissance was a period in European history when Ancient Greek and Roman theories became popular to the high class society. Progress in medicine was shown in more than one occasion, such as Galen's Theory of Opposites. It all started when Galen challenged The Four Humours Theory. This theory was invented by the Ancient Greeks; it is based on 4 humours: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. Each of these humours was matched to a season and an element. The Greeks believed that fire, air, water and earth were the elements. Therefore blood was matched with spring and air , yellow bile was linked to summer and fire, black bile was joined to autumn and earth and obviously phlegm was matched with winter also water. They thought to treat the patients with these symptoms they must give them something hot in the summer etc. However Galen believed that you should give them something cold in the summer to cool down their heat. Galen continued his work in anatomy and produced his theory that humans have the same nervous system as pigs. He did
Why was the Treaty of Versailles so in Germany?
"Why was the Treaty of Versaille so in Germany?" The Treaty of Versaille was a document drawn up by the League of Nations, the main influential countries being Britain France and the U.S.A. after the 1st World War. The Treaty restricted what Germany could do with regards to the Economy, the Military, and lands that Germany claimed to own. The Treaty was very strict with the Germans as it was a way of discouraging Germany from attacking and it was also a way for the British, French and American to have a little bit of revenge. One feature of the Treaty that would have made it unpopular was the fact that Germany was made to pay reparations of £6600 million to the countries that they had been at war with and for all the damage caused even that that had been caused by the Allies bombs. This massive bill caused the German economy to go into a stage of Hyper-inflation were the value of one German mark dropped from 4 marks being equivalent to $1 an 1914 to an all time low of 4.2 billion marks being the equivalent to $1 in 1923. This meant that Germany's economical stability was destabilising and Germany couldn't see why they had to pay for all the damage and that the countries that they were forced to give money to were as guilty as they were and therefore should pay as well. The Treaty said that Germany could keep it's army but on the condition that it was restricted to only
What was the most important factor for Hitler becoming Chancellor in January 1933?
What was the most important factor for Hitler becoming Chancellor in January 1933? There were a number of reasons that Hitler became Chancellor in 1933. One of the most important reasons was the depression in 1929. The depression was good for Hitler and the Nazis. They blamed the Weimar Republic, the Treaty of Versailles, the Communists and the Jews and promised to get rid of the, 'enemy within' who were destroying Germany. Many of the people of Germany felt the same way and followed Germany. Hitler and the Nazis used this time well, and organised it, using teamwork and skills of propaganda in order to get votes. We can see that the Nazis were very successful in this, from the elections of 193, where the Nazis made their first great breakthrough, jumping from 12, to 107 seats in the Reichstag. This point was very significant to Hitler becoming Chancellor. If they had not acquired so many seats in the Reichstag now Hitler and the Nazis would have probably remained a small party. But after the depression the Nazis maintained a high amount of seats in parliament, becoming the biggest party in the Reichstag in 1933, when Hitler became Chancellor of Germany. However the impact of the depression can only partly explain Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. Another factor was the weaknesses of the Weimar Republic. Because of the great depression in 1929, there was a big problem of
What were the causes of the 1905 Revolution in Russia?
What were the causes of the 1905 Revolution in Russia The causes of the Russian revolution of 1905 can be divided into three areas: Long term causes, short term causes and immediate causes. The problems that caused the revolution began years before it actually happened. Many of the national groups that lived within Russia resented the government's policy of 'Russification' as they saw it was trying to attack their way of life. Most children were forced to learn Russian in school and many Russian officials were chosen to fill non-Russian positions in local government. Most of the traditional customs were banned and the people had to obey Russian customs. The peasants also had been caused much suffering by the government. They had been released from Serfdom in 1861 and had been allocated land with which to farm and earn money. They could get loans from the government. However most of the peasants had to pay these loans off over a long period of time. As a result most of the peasants got into heavy debt. This was made worse by the fact that after 1861 the landowners had large estates. Many of the peasants were forced to work on the estates of nobles so they could earn extra money. However more and more people were becoming peasants as the population of Russia increased by 50% between 1860 and 1897 with more and more peasants competing with each other for the
The main purpose of the Nazi curriculum was to prepare boys to be soldiers. Do you agree?
The main purpose of the Nazi curriculum is to prepare boys to be soldier Before Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933, he did not have as much interest in education, although there were still established youth wings of the Nazi party. Children could not vote, and were too young to join the SA; therefore the focus was placed on adults. Once Hitler had managed to secure power and, ultimately, elections were abolished, he had realised that further generations must support Nazi ideology, so his vision of a one thousand year Reich could be maintained. When the World War had broken out, Hitler also needed more soldiers. In this answer, I am going to discuss whether the main purpose of the Nazi curriculum was preparation of boys to be soldiers. I am also going to discuss some other factors in the Nazi curriculum, such as the heavy influence on education of Nazi ideals, and the preparation of women to be mothers and housewives. In my initial answer to the statement, I disagree that this was the main purpose. There are many ways in which this statement can be considered incorrect because, in English lessons, children were taught to analyse the speeches of Hitler, and texts about the Hitler Myth. Children began to develop Nazi ideals, such as that the 'Fuhrer' (Adolf Hitler) is always right (The Hitler Myth), and began to analyse speeches from Hitler which would have
Who was to blame for the Cold War?
Who was to blame for the Cold War? There are two possible verdicts; the USA and USSR. Both these sides had different beliefs, USA was a capitalist country while the USSR was a communist country, and this was one of the main causes of the cold war. I believe that both sides were almost equally responsible for the start of the Cold War but USA may be blamed slightly more than the USSR because as you will see there are more arguments against the USA. The arguments against the USA (that indicate that the USA was the one to blame) are many. At the Yalta conference, February 1945, towards the end of the 2nd World War, Roosevelt didn't define what he meant by Eastern Europe being seen as "A Soviet sphere of influence". Stalin seems to define it as a total control of the USSR over the East but the USA interprets it by saying that Russia would only have a slight influence. Roosevelt also showed lack of trust in Stalin, as we can see at sources 6 and 8. An other mistake of Roosevelt was that he allowed Russia to move border into Poland as long as Russia didn't interfere with Greece. This clearly shows how the USA wanted to prevent the wide spreading of communism in Europe. The fact that America tested the atomic bomb in 1945 caused tension between the two countries and caused the USSR to fear even more the USA. After Roosevelt died, Truman became the president of the USA.
Student Protesters in the 1960s were just a bunch of kids rebelling against their parents views. How far do the sources support this statement?
"Student Protesters in the 1960's were just a bunch of kids rebelling against their parents views. " How far do the sources support this statement? This sources display a wide variety of information relating to the protest movements by students. Source A shows figures of student enrolment in the USA. These figures clearly show that more women are attending university as time progresses - 1 a12% rise from 1947 to 1970. This could represent that women are moving away from their engrained 'stay at home' lives and are wishing to advance in life. However, this source does not specify the age of the students or how many of the students complete their courses, but the underlying message is still that more people wish to break from their pre-defined moulds of the earlier generation. Source B, a statement by the SDS, shows the ideals of the movement. It says that they are campaigning for 'freedom and equality for everyone'. This was especially evident in the situation with the Black Civil Rights Protesters, and showed that the SDS had bigger aims than simply rebelling against authority. It is worth noting however, that this is a political speech and as such, not everything said within it may be entirely factual. Source C, a song written by Bob Dylan, is one of the most influential sources shown. Songs were popular at the time for the attraction that they posed to a wide variety of
“After the Putsch failed Hitler decided to use democratic methods to become leader of Germany”
"After the Putsch failed Hitler decided to use democratic methods to become leader of Germany" Before the Munich Putsch in November 1923. Hitler's aims were to overthrow the Government, to make Germany a stronger and better country, to create a master race, to destroy the Treaty of Versailles and to become Leader of Germany. His methods in doing this were violent and illegal, not democratic whatsoever. After the Munich Putsch failing Hitler was sentenced to 5 years in jail but only served 9 months. Prison did not change him though, his aims were still the same and he still wanted to become an all powerful Leader of Germany, therefore his aims did not change since the beginning of the Munich Putsch, but his thinking time in prison made him realise that his method in trying to forfill his aims were wrong and that he had to take a different approach to how he was going to this. Instead of violent, illegal acts, i.e. The Munich Putch, he realised that if a Democratic approach was taken on his actions then this would help him succeed and instead of seen as trying to rebel against the government, he was seen as trying to make Germany a better place. This shows that Hitler's methods did change since being arrested and put into Prison. In order to use this new method, Hitler and the Nazi Party needed to attract votes from the German people. Hitler did 5 main things to increase
Was Life Better For Germans In 1939 Than in 1933?
Was Life Better For Germans In 1939 Than in 1933? It is quite hard to say in general that the life of Germans improved. For some, life was greatly improved while for others it was not so. One example of great improvement during this time is of the unemployed people. There were six million unemployed people in 1933. The formation of the National Labour Service allowed men to be sent on public works and conservation programmes. Hitler set the unemployed to work on things such as a large amount of motorways (Autobahns), which criss-crossed Germany. Therefore, he helped the Germans who had cars and he also gave many of the unemployed jobs. Hitler also helped the army and the unemployed by introducing conscription. This created a larger army and also gave those men conscripted jobs. Hitler also made more money available for the army. On July the first 1934, the night of the long knives, Hitler eliminated key SA members. This destroyed a potential opponent for the army. The SA were also said to be like thugs so by eliminating them It seemed that he was helping the general people by removing a thuggish group of people and replacing them with a more disciplined group, the SS. Also, most workers did not mind the new Nazi rules that were placed upon them. Although workers lost the right to strike, they had much better pay and conditions. This in turn made the factory owners and
Most German people benefitted from Nazi rule 1933-39 Do you agree? Explain you answer.
Eloise Sear 11P Hitler's Germany 1929-39 b) 'Most German people benefitted from Nazi rule 1933-39" Do you agree? Explain you answer. (12 marks) Between 1933 and 1939, it is clear that whilst some people benefitted from Nazi rule, others did not. However, most German people accepted Nazi rule due to the benefits it did bring. One group of people that did benefit were the unemployed. Hitler reduced unemployment from 6 million in 1933 to just 300,000 in 1939 by starting huge public work schemes including planting forests, and building hospitals and schools. The construction of the autobahns created work for 80,000 men. A further fall in unemployment came when Hitler brought about rearmament and introduced conscription. Although the newly employed were earning little, at least they were receiving money. To people who had been unemployed and starving, 'work and bread' was something amazing. Also, the schemes meant that new facilities were being constructed in Germany benefitting the German people further. However, it did come at a cost. To achieve this, many Jews and women were sacked and replaced with non-Jewish men. People who were already working also benefitted. Workers were allowed to go on holidays for the first time. Hitler's 'joy through work' scheme allowed people to have free trips to the German coast and go to place like Norway. The scheme
