length of a simple pendulum affects the time
. Plan Aim To investigate how the length of a simple pendulum affects the time for a complete swing. Variables length The length of the pendulum has a large effect on the time for a complete swing. As the pendulum gets longer the time increases. size of swing Surprisingly, the size of the swing does not have much effect on the time per swing. mass The mass of the pendulum also does not affect the time. air resistance With a small pendulum bob there is very little air resistance. This can easily be seen because it takes a long time for the pendulum to stop swinging, so only a small amount of energy is lost on each swing. A large and light pendulum bob would be affected by a significant amount of air resistance. This might change the way the pendulum moves. gravity The pendulum is moved by the force of gravity pulling on it. On the Moon, where the pull of gravity is less, I would expect the time for each swing to be longer. Theory When the pendulum is at the top of its swing it is momentarily stationary. It has zero kinetic energy and maximum gravitational potential energy. As the pendulum falls the potential energy is transferred to kinetic energy. The speed increases as the pendulum falls and reaches a maximum at the bottom of the swing. Here the speed and kinetic energy are a maximum, and the potential energy is a minimum. As the pendulum rises the
The purpose of this experiment is to see what factors affect the period of one complete oscillation of a simple pendulum.
SCIENCE COURSEWORK PENDULUM EXPERIMENT Aim The purpose of this experiment is to see what factors affect the period of one complete oscillation of a simple pendulum. In this investigation I am going to discover and investigate the factors, which affect the time for one complete oscillation of a simple pendulum. It is important to understand what a pendulum is. A pendulum has a weight or mass fixed and left hanging of the string. An oscillation is one cycle of the pendulums motion e.g. from position a to b and back to a. I will time how long it takes for one oscillation of the pendulum. I am going to do a simple preliminary experiment to investigate which of the factors I test have an effect on the time for one complete oscillation. The factors basic variable factors I can test are: ? Length (the distance between the point of suspension and the mass) ? Mass (the weight in g of the item suspended from the fixed point) ? Swing size (the length I release the pendulum) *The point of equilibrium is the point at which kinetic energy (KE) is the only force making the mass move and not gravitational potential energy (GPE). I will test the extremes of these factors as I can assume that if they have any effect on the period of oscillation it will become obvious. To make sure my results are accurate enough to allow for any anomalies I will repeat the experiment 2 times for each
Investigate the relationship between GPE (Gravitational Potential Energy) and KE (Kinetic Energy) for a trolley or ball rolling down the slope.
GCSE PHYSICS Coursework Data Analysis/Handling-Investigation To investigate the relationship between GPE (Gravitational Potential Energy) and KE (Kinetic Energy) for a trolley or ball rolling down the slope. Candidate Name: Leah McDonald Centre Name: Dunraven School Candidate Number: 7125 Centre Number: 10920 Strategy We were asked to complete an investigation into the energy associated with a trolley rolling down a slope. At first I wasn't sure exactly what question I wanted to investigate so I carried out the following preliminary investigations: Preliminary Experiment 1: Time= 1.28 seconds Average Velocity =50.0/1.28 Using a stop timer still leaves Human error,-human reaction Time. Preliminary Experiment 2: Time=678.49 ms(milliseconds) second = 0.001 ms Time=0.67849 seconds Average Velocity =0.50 0.67849 0.73 m/s NOTE: The data logger was set to 'timing and then 'timing from A to B' Preliminary Experiment 3: Time= 7.36 milliseconds Instantaneous Velocity= 0.01 0.00736 =1.20 m/s NOTE: The data logger was set as 'timing' and then 'timing at A' mode After completing my preliminary experiments, I thought that the most promising ling of investigation was Preliminary Experiment 2, because the Data Logger gives an advantage, which removes the disadvantage of Human Reaction time. makes it more likely for my results to be more accurate. So the
Aim To investigate the effect of different masses suspended from a spring on the time period of the spring.
THE EFFECT OF A SUSPENDED MASS ON THE TIME PERIOD OF THE SPRING. Aim To investigate the effect of different masses suspended from a spring on the time period of the spring. Hypothesis I feel that if I increase the mass, the period will increase too because the mass is proportionate to the time period. Variables > Independent - Mass suspended from spring. > Dependent- The time period of the string. > Constant- The apparatus, Number of oscillations, spring constant (elasticity). Apparatus > 1 spring > 100 gram masses. (6 of them) Materials > 1 clamp stand > Stopwatch > Plasticine Method . Place a clamp stand on the table 2. Attach the spring to the clamp stand. 3. Add heavy books on the clamp stand to the base so that it is stable and doesn't affect our readings. 4. Add Plasticine to the top of the spring so that the spring itself doesn't vibrate a lot. Hence there would be no discrepancies in the readings. 5. Add 100 grams mass to the spring. 6. Displace the 100 gram mass. 7. Release the 100 gram mass and at the same time start the stopwatch. 8. Record the time taken for 10 oscillations. 9. Repeat steps 6 to 8 2 more times to get three total trials. 0. Now add more mass to the spring and repeat steps 6 to 8 with 200 g, 300g, 400g, and 500g. Diagram Raw Data Table Mass (grams) Time taken for 10 Oscillations (seconds)( +/- 0.01 secs) Trial
Experiment Report: Studying a simple harmonic oscillator.
Name: Yu Wai So (19) 6S Experiment Report: Studying a simple harmonic oscillator Objective The simple harmonic motion of a pendulum can be studied by attaching a ticker-tape to a pendulum bob and analyzing the dots marked on the tape. Theory In this experiment, a string was used to suspend a 0.5 kg mass. Refer to the diagram above, Considering the tangential force on the mass, ?The oscillation is simple harmonic. Therefore, we can find out more on simple harmonic motion by analyzing the ticker-tape we obtained after the experiment. Apparatus . 0.5 kg ringed mass 2. 1.5 m length of string 3. Ticker-tape timer 4. Ticker-tape 5. Low voltage power supply (a.c.) 6. Retort stand and clamp Procedure . The apparatus as shown in the figure was set up. A pendulum was suspend by a string and was attached to a retort stand and clamp. A ticker- tape was attached to the mass and was inserted to the ticker-tape timer. The mass was pulled to one side. The timer was switched on and the mass was allowed to swing to the other side. 2. After the pendulum reached its highest position, the ticker-tape timer was switched off and the ticker-tape was detached from the mass. The dots marked on the tape were examined. During the oscillation, the pendulum bob accelerated and then decelerated when it was approaching its highest position. The acceleration of the bob was always
I aim to find out if the mass of an object affects the speed at which it falls.
Falling Objects Plan I aim to find out if the mass of an object affects the speed at which it falls. I predict that the mass will not alter the speed, as it will reach terminal velocity. I think that all the results will stay roughly the same even though I have changed the mass. When something falls, its potential energy is changed into kinetic energy. Therefore the only thing in this experiment that could alter the speed at which it falls is the air resistance and the height. (These would change the time at which the object is in the air). Theoretically, as I am keeping these the same, the speed should not change. The scientist Galileo proved this. This is a quote taken from the Galileo Timeline. (http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/galileo/galileo_timeline.html) "1589-1592 Teaches mathematical subjects at the University of Pisa (salary 160 scudi per year). Some tracts--lecture notes--written during this period have survived. In On motion Galileo uses the Archimedian approach to motion: the speed of falling bodies is proportional to their density, not their weight as Aristotle had maintained. According to Vincenzo Viviani Galileo demonstrated his conclusions by dropping weights from the leaning tower of Pisa." I will drop the object, which will be a small container, from a height of 30cm. I will measure the speed of the object using a light gate, which will make my results
The Simple Pendulum Experiment
The Simple Pendulum Experiment General Plan The first thing I am going to do is outline a general plan for this experiment. In this experiment, I am going to be measuring the effect of two variables on the time of one oscillation of a simple pendulum. The two variables that I have chosen are the length of the pendulum's string and the mass of the pendulum's bob. I will vary these two items and record results for the time of one oscillation of a pendulum with different mass/length of string. I must also be able to determine the value for acceleration due to gravity (hereby referred to as g) To do this, I must be able to find some equation that links length of a string of a pendulum or the mass of a pendulum's bob with time. For this I will need to carry out research. Aim The aim of this experiment is to determine the effects of two factors on the time of one oscillation (or swing) of the simple pendulum, and also to determine a value for g (acceleration due to gravity) Design Before producing a plan I will conduct a preliminary experiment this will help me find and basic flaws in the set-up of my experiment, and will also allow me to find room for improvement on my actual experiment. It will also allow me to experiment with different values for my variables, to find suitable limits to my measurements, and to find a suitable interval between my measurements of these
Physics research study - vehicle safety and braking distances
Physics Write up .) Thinking Distance * Thinking distance - It takes time for a driver to react to a situation. During this reaction time the car carries on moving. The thinking distance is the distance travelled in between the driver realising he needs to brake and actually braking. * Braking distance - The braking distance is the distance taken to stop once the brakes are applied. The thinking distance and stopping distance add together make the stopping distance the stopping distance is how far you went before you finally stopped. The stopping distance is your thinking distance and stopping distance added together. The formula for working out the stopping distance is: Stopping distance = thinking Distance + braking distance 2.) There are variety of factors that affect the thinking distance one of the main factors is tiredness. Tiredness increases the breaking distance because when you are tired Your brain thinks slower and you will not be able to apply the brakes as quickly. Another factor that increases thinking distance is being under the influence drugs or alcohol this has been a huge economic issue for the government they have spent millions of pounds promoting the awareness of drunk driving (40% of all traffic fatalities are because of alcohol And to combat this they have introduced drinking limits. Being under the influence - even legally -
Friction Between two surfaces
A Level Physics Coursework Friction Between two surfaces In this coursework I hope to show that friction does exist between two surfaces and that there are two types of friction, static and sliding. To show this I will have a tray filled with a mass and pull it with a Newton mass and measure the force needed to start the tray to move and then the force at which the tray travels at a constant speed. I hope to find that the sliding friction is smaller that static friction. Then I will go onto the coefficients of friction by having a block on a slope and measuring the height at which the book starts to slide. Then from the data I can work out the angle-using trigonometry. The theories of friction are: When a single force is applied to an object of mass m, it will cause acceleration. This is described by Newton's Second Law, using the relation F = m x a with this equation, you can predict the acceleration given to the object by the applied force, or you can find the force if you know the acceleration. I have decided that I am not going to find the acceleration and therefore cannot find the force F applied. There are two types of friction static and sliding. Sliding friction is the frictional force, which exists between two adjacent surfaces, which are in relative motion, and is usually slightly less than the limiting frictional force between the surfaces. Static
Physics Pendulum
Rebecca Chaplin - Year 10C Mr. Eddy - Physics THE SIMPLE PENDULUM String Bob Mass Practical Investigation: The simple Pendulum Aim: To investigate the factors which affect the period of oscillation of a simple pendulum? Equipment: stand and clamp, pendulum bob, stopwatch, metre ruler, nylon string. Background: The period of a pendulum is the time for one complete swing. The equation for the period of a pendulum is Method: . Determine the effect on the period (T) of the pendulum when the mass (m) of the bob is altered. Set up the pendulum with a 20 cm length of string (L) so that the bob swings near a backboard. Pull the bob 6 cm to one side (the amplitude), then release it so that it swings parallel to the board. Another observer should use a stopwatch to measure the time for 20 complete swings. One swing is the time the bob takes to go out from its release position and return. Repeat this procedure using three other bobs of different masses. In each case use the same length of string and amplitude. Enter your results in Table A. 2. Determine the effect on the period of the pendulum when the amplitude is altered and the mass and the length of string are kept constant. Measure the time for 20 complete swings when the bob is given an amplitude of 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm, and 10 cm respectively. Enter your results into table B. 3. Determine the effect on the period
