The Aral Sea
examine the causes and effects of biodiversity loss in tropical rainforests Biodiversity refers to the variety and quantity of all forms of life on Earth such as plants, animals and micro-organisms. It is estimated that there are up to 30 million different living species on Earth and more than 50 percent of these species live in the tropical rainforests. (rain-tree, N/A) Tropical rainforests play and important role in the world's natural environment as well as human society, as they not only provide a safe home for numerous plants and animals and help stabilize the world's climate and nature, but also also are a great source for medicines and foods. However numerous lives in tropical rainforests are at risk due to human deforestation. Deforestation in tropical rainforests as the major cause of the tragic loss of biodiversity, mainly happens due to globalization and cattle ranching, hydroelectric power, migration and logging. As a consequence, the ecosystem is disrupted, soil is eroded, carbon dioxide levels are increased and the nutrient cycle is affected. Globalization and cattle ranching is one of the major causes of loss of biodiversity due to deforestation in tropical rainforests. Meanwhile, industrial countries continue to develop and the demand for cattle is rapidly increasing. Over the past 25 years, rainforests have been cleared from an area the size of the entire
Enzyme Coursework. Investigation to find the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction
Investigation to find the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction Design Aspect 1: Defining the problem and selecting variables Investigation title: is the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction affected by substrate concentration? Background information Enzymes are often referred to as "biological catalysts", since they increase the rate of reactions in living organisms. Enzymes are also substrate specific, which means that only a specific substrate can fit into its active site (which is where the catalysing effect occurs) and as such, there are different enzymes which deal with different reactions (for example, protease breaks down proteins into amino acids) - this is the basis for the 'lock and key' theory. The stages of an enzyme controlled reaction are: ) Enzyme + substrate The enzyme and substrate are in solution together 2) Enzyme substrate complex A substrate has moved into the active site 3) Enzyme product complex The reaction has taken place, but the products haven't been released from the active site 4) Enzyme + product The enzyme and product are now in solution together (after the product was released from the active site) The rate of an enzyme controlled reaction are mainly affected by: temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration and pH. By increasing the substrate concentration, there is a higher
Population in Brazil
Sasha Zouev Geography IB, 5/09/05 IB Case Study: Brazil Population, Distribution, Density Introduction: As one of the most commonly studied populous LEDC's in the world, Brazil certainly has very interesting features and patterns regarding its population and distribution. First of all, Brazil is the largest and most inhabited country in South America, and fifth in the world. Its 8,500,000 square kilometer land area borders countries such as Colombia, Venezuela and Bolivia. The aim of this case study is to examine, section by section, the different factors that affect Brazilian population growth and distribution by looking at areas such as geographical positioning, politics, history, and generate some sort of conclusion. Distribution: Brazil's population is mostly concentrated alongside the coast. Coastal states, with a sum area of about 35% of Brazil, in fact account for about 87% of the entire population. Brazil can often be divided into clear-cut social, geographical and economic regions (figure 1). Masking half of the country, the Northern area has the dense and tropical basin of the Amazon (largest rain forest and largest river in volume of water in the world). The northeast, which is the most economically handicapped region, relies heavily on agriculture as its main economic activity. The area that is the wealthiest, and contains half of Brazils total
To what extent was the alliance system responsible for the outbreak of World War One in 1914?
To what extent was the alliance system responsible for the outbreak of World War One in 1914? In the events after the end of WW1 much of the blame for the outbreak of the war fell on Germany and their aggression. However with hindsight we see that things were a lot more complex. The idea that many historians except nowadays that the alliance systems caused WW1, but none of them can agree to what extent they caused the war. Before the war began countries started to make bonds and promises between each other, this triggered a lot of factors that sparked the war. In 1914, when the First World War broke out, Europe was divided into two military alliance systems: the Triple Alliance including Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy, and the Triple Entente that included Britain, France and Russia. The intent of the alliance system was primarily to provide mutual defence in order to maintain the power balance in Europe, but the nations eventually came to rely on it for aggressive purposes. Frictions between the groups had brought Europe to the verge of war several times after 1900, and were indirectly influential in generating a world war out of the Balkan conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary. Although the alliance systems were intended to provide mutual defence, they encouraged war equally well by providing military support. In my opinion the most important alliance in the lead
Lettre au directeur. Objet: Objection la dcision de faire des cours soir supplmentaires obligatoires pour des lves de dernire anne.
Julia D. - présidente du comité des élèves dans Lycée General n° III 70 B/2 rue Reya 80-363 Warsovie Tél: +48 554-24-78 Monsieur le Directeur du Lycée General n° III 27, rue du Legionów 81405 Warsovie Warsovie, le 15 janvier 2012 Objet: Objection à la décision de faire des cours soir supplémentairesobligatoires pour des élèves de dernière année. Monsieur le Directeur, Comme la représentante des élèves de III BI il faut que j'exprime notre déception liée à votre décision d'organiser des cours du soir supplémentaires qui seraient obligatoires pour touts les élèves de dernière année. Nous trouvons cela inadmissible et contre les lois d'élève. Tout d'abord, la majorité des élèves de III BI se sentent déjà suffisamment chargés d'exceptionnellement haute nombre des leçons que nous avons chaque semaine. Nous sommes conscients que s'était notre choix d'étudier dans la classe BI mais au début de notre éducation en BI chacun de nous a choisi le nombre défini des sujets et d'heurs qu'il est capable de suivre. Cela est contre les lois d'élève et, en dehors de cela très insensible de votre part, de nous grever plus. En outre, vous êtes conscient qu'une grande partie d'élèves de III BI vivent loin de l'école. Déjà, sans des leçons additionnelles, ils retournent à la maison très tard après-midi. Sitôt ils
The Effect of Temperature on Enzymatic Activity. Aim To investigate enzyme activity of yeast on glucose at different temperatures
Effect of Temperature on enzyme activity Aim To investigate enzyme activity of yeast on glucose at different temperatures Hypothesis As the temperature increases, enzyme activity will also increase. At lower temperatures enzyme activity will be less than when the temperature is higher. Also if temperature is increased too much, enzymatic activity will fall. This is because the molecules in glucose will move faster and the enzymes will be have increased activity because of increased movement. Also since all enzymes have an optimum temperature at which enzymatic activity is the highest, increasing the temperature will move enzyme closer to optimum temperature. But if temperature is increased too much, enzyme will start to denature (loss of three-dimensional structure) and thus the enzymatic activity will fall again Key Variables Independent: Temperature Dependent: Enzymatic activity (number of bubbles) Controlled: Amount of water that the solution is submerged in Time Concentration of glucose Materials • • 100mL beakers x5 (label from A-E) • • 5 cm3 syringes x5 • • 10 cm3 of 10% yeast solution • • 15cm3 of 2% glucose solution • • 1 thermometer • • 2 hotplates • • Stopwatch • • Ice cubes x 6 • • 400mL water • • Observations chart & pen Method . 1. Place 6 ice cubes and 80 mL of water into Beaker A 2. 2. Measure
Aujourdhui, je vais vous prsenter une analyse dun tableau peint par Ren Magritte qui est appelle Le Fils de lHomme .
Le Fils d'Homme Aujourd'hui, je vais vous présenter une analyse d'un tableau peint par René Magritte qui est appelle " Le Fils de l'Homme ". Premièrement, je vais parler un peu de l'histoire de Magritte et après cela, je vais vous donner mon interprétation sur cette peinture. René Gislain Magritte est né le 21 novembre 1898 en Belgique dans une famille modeste. Il était un impressionniste au début de sa carrière avant d'arriver à son style caractéristique du surréalisme, après plusieurs années d'études. Magritte s'approcha de son art de rendre les gens s'interroger sur la réalité qui établit autour d'eux, et non pas simplement accepter les choses comme elles semblent être. Le fils de l'homme est l'une des plus célèbres peintures de Magritte, en plus de la bien connue "La Trahison des Images". Dans ce tableau, il y a un homme dans un costume debout sur ce qui semble être un pont avec une pomme verte couvrant son visage. À première vue, cette peinture semble un peu bizarre à cause de la pomme en face du visage de l'homme. Par conséquent, le sens de cette peinture est difficile à déchiffrer. Il y a de nombreuses interprétations de la signification derrière cette peinture, mais aujourd'hui, je vais seulement parler de l'un. Travers cette peinture, il semble que Magritte a essayé d'incarner le thème du péché des hommes. La pomme verte, qui
Neurology and Behaviour. Focus question: Is there an increase in the perception and rating of disgust in females rather than males?
QAHS YEAR 11 Gender Differences in the Perception of Disgust Neurobiology and Behaviour Kayla Jackson TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS page number DESIGN 3 1.1 Defining the problem 3 * Focus / research question * Hypothesis * Background information / theory * Investigation Variables 1.2 Controlling Variables 4 * Treatment of Controlled Variables * Control Experiment 1.3 Experimental Method 4 * Materials * Risk Assessment * Method 2 DATA COLLECTION and PROCESSING 5 2.1 Recording Raw Data * Quantitative Data * Qualitative Data 2.2 Processing Raw Data 6 * Statistical Processing - calculations 2.3 Presenting Processed Data 6 * Result (s) table (s) * Graph (s) * Graph (b) 3 CONCLUSION and EVALUATION 8 3.1 Conclusion * Conclusion statement * Conclusion explanation 3.2 Evaluation Procedures 9 * Reliability * Limitations / Weaknesses / errors in Laboratory Investigation * Significance of weaknesses on experimental results 3.3 Improving the Investigation 10 * Modifications to experiment BIBLIOGRAPHY 11 APPENDIX 12 Appendix One: Curtis et al, 2004. Paired disgust sensitivity stimuli and average disgust scores Appendix Two: Disgust Sensitivity by age and gender (Curtis et al. 2004) Appendix Three: QAHS STUDENT ACTVITY RISK ASSESSMENT and PRAC
The Stark effects of being absurd in society- The Outsider
The Stark effects of being absurd in society- The Outsider A long time ago, I summed up 'The Outsider in a sentence which I realise is extremely paradoxical: 'In our society any man who doesn't cry at his mother's funeral is liable to be condemned to death.' Albert Camus 8th January 1955 The novel 'The Outsider' establishes a being that is a 'Nomad' or existential in a sense of the society he lives in and the wandering on the cliff beside the sea of introversion and poignancy. Meursault is commonly misunderstood and is regarded as a reject. Furthermore he refuses to lie. A lie is a statement made by someone, in the expectation that the hearers may believe it. 'In the case of the human heart saying more than one feels,' Meursault conforms to the existential presuppositions; this is regarding reality as the state of being, the truth, often unheard of in politics and society. Consequently society feels threatened, by Meursault's refusal to satisfy the feelings of others by showing little remorse for his mother's death. His indifference leads him to be condemned by a trial. In the early stages of the book Meursault is seen as an adverse individual towards society, one who speaks his consciousness. Camus creates a paradoxical character against the normality of society, which brings out stark differences through the use of Meursault's ability to state facts. This narrative effect
Portrayal of colonisers and the colonised in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness
Portrayal of colonisers and the colonised in Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness was published 1902, after first being a three-part series in magazines. This book is one of the most influential books in world literature, it has made a huge impact on other authors and some of them have even written a whole book about this book. For example the Swedish author Olof Lagercrantz has written a whole book "Färd med Mörkrets Hjärta" (eng: "Walk with Heart of Darkness"), where he analyses Conrad's work. The book has also been made in to a movie (Heart of Darkness), and inspired a making of another film, Apocalypse Now. The book is about colonisation and can be refer to any colonisation at any time. During the entire book Marlowe, the main character, is retelling the story. In short, the book is about how far the human can go for money and power and also how easily a human being can forget what is right and what is wrong when he is put in unfamiliar environment. In the beginning of the book a story is being told about a Danish man who got killed by the natives after he had attacked them. The reason was because of a misunderstanding about some hence. The Danish man is, or rather was, described as " the gentlest, quietest creature that ever walked on two legs". This statement makes it even more clear how much the coloniser was marked by being
