Investigate a single factor that will affect the speed of an object at the end of a runway.
Energy Transfer Physics Coursework Planning In this experiment, I will investigate a single factor that will affect the speed of an object at the end of a runway. This single factor is going to be height of one end of the runway from the ground. Apparatus * A marble. I have chosen a marble as it is not so heavy that it will fall so fast that I won't be able to take a reading, and it is perfectly round, and so will roll easily. * A polished wooden plank. This is good as it will be strong enough that it won't buckle under the weight of the marble, and will stay rigid. It is polished to reduce friction. * Two stands and grips. These will be used to hold up the plank. I chose these as I can easily adjust the height of the plank, and it will be stable. * Stopwatch. Although the method of personally stopping a stopwatch will not be totally accurate, it is the simplest form of recording data, and will give a rough idea of the time it takes for the marble to reach one end of the plank. Prediction I predict that the higher the ramp is the faster the speed of the object will be and the average velocity and time will not be directly proportional. Gravitational potential energy (GPE) is the amount of energy that an object has due to its position. The higher the object is the more GPE it has and my table below proves this. Therefore at the top of the runway the trolley will have
Parachute Investigation
Louis Franks 11PC July 29 2002 Parachute Investigation Method . Make a parachute from a sheet of clear plastic 50cm big, string (4, each 50cm long) and a small plastic canister. 2. Measure the fixed distance of which the parachute is going to fall from. 3. Drop the parachute containing no weights and measure the time it takes to land on the floor from being released as accurately as possible with a stopwatch. 4. Record the result in seconds. 5. Repeat with the same weight until sure of a constant result. 6. Repeat the process nine times adding 10g weights each time. 7. Calculate an average for each set of results. 8. Divide the average by the height it was dropped from to work out the velocity. Prediction Terminal velocity is reached when the force of air resistance acting on the parachute is equal to the weight on it. From this, I predict that the heavier the weight on the parachute, the greater the terminal velocity will be. This is because it takes longer for the air resistance to match the parachute's weight if it is heavier. Obtaining the Evidence The aim of this investigation was to find out how weight affects the terminal velocity of a parachute. We carried out our experiment indoors so no draft could disfigure the results.
Pendulum investigation.
Pendulum Investigation Information A pendulum will make a repeated swing, which takes a set time. One complete swing is called an oscillation. The time taken for one complete oscillation is called the time period, which is measured in seconds. One complete swing Aim The aim of this investigation is to find out how changing the mass of a pendulum effects the time period of the pendulum. Variables The possible variables for this experiment could be; * Mass of the plasticine. * Height of the pendulum. * The angle at which the pendulum is released. We could keep this experiment a fair test by changing only one variable at any one time. Apparatus * String * Plasticine * Clamp * Stand * Wood * Weighing scales * Ruler *Protractor * Stopwatch Diagrams Method In the test I will use a plasticine ball that weighs 20 grams, I will then increase the mass by 5 grams to get a series of results. The length of the pendulum string will be 40 cm long. The Angle of the swing will be 30?; I will be doing 1 oscillation. To find the average time for one oscillation I will repeat the experiment 3 times with each mass. Safety Some Hazards within my experiment could be; * The stand could fall of the work surface and injure someone, * When manoeuvring around the classroom if I'm not
Pendulum Investigation.
Task: To find out if the length of the string or the mass that it carries affects the movement and the speed of which it swings. Variables: The weight, length of string, wind (caused by air conditioners), how much the string is twisted, friction between thread and clamp. Invariables: Clamp, string, measuring equipment, stopwatch, person who does all the measuring and timing, weights, position where knot is tied, angle where it is released (amplitude). Prediction: We predict that as the mass that the string carries increase, the speed that the sting swings will also increase. We think that this is because as there is more weight pulling it downwards as it gets higher. Also, we predict that as the length of the string decreases, the swing speed will increase as the string is shorter. We think that this is because as the string is shortened, it is closer to the pivot which means that it would swing faster. Diagram of Apparatus: Method: 1. Setup apparatus as shown above 2. Set the amplitude as 45 degrees 3. When pendulum passes the centre for the first time, that counts as 0 4. Keep on counting until required swings are met (1 or 10) 5. Change variables and repeat experiment 6. Note down all measurements in results table Errors in Measuring/Judgment: In many cases we found that when we repeated the experiments, we found that the time or the amplitude was different.
Pendulum Investigation
? Planing Method: For this investigation you will need :- ? Metre ruler ? Clamp stand ? Stop clock ? String ? Weight Set up a clamp stand with a piece of string attached to it. 2 The weight need to be attached securely to the end of the string. 3 The weight will be held to one side at an angle and then released. 4 A stop clock will be used to time taken for one full oscillation. 5 This will be repeated a number of times for one full oscillation, each time shortening the length of string by 10 cm. One full oscillation The diagram of the pendulum I am going to record the results into a table like this:- Times for 5 oscillations in seconds Length st experiment 2nd experiment 3rd experiment Mean 0cm 20cm 30cm 40cm 50cm 60cm 70cm 80cm 90cm 00cm Predictions: - I predict that the time will be affected by the length of the pendulum and also affected by the weight. I based my prediction on the scientific theory that I found in a book. The time is affected because the pendulum is able to work when the bob is raised up at an angle larger that the point at which it is vertically suspended at rest. By raising the bob, the pendulum gains Gravitation Potential Energy, as in being raised, it is held above this point of natural suspension and so therefore is acting against the gravitational force. Once the bob is released, this gravitational force
Pendulum investigation
Pendulum investigation Plan Aim To investigate how the length of a simple pendulum will affect the time for a full swing. Variables Length The length of the pendulum has a large effect on the time for a complete swing. As the pendulum gets longer the time increases. As the pendulum gets shorter the time decreases. Air resistance A big and light pendulum bobble would be affected by a major amount of air resistance. This might cause the pendulum to move in a different way. With a little pendulum bobble there is very small air resistance. This can easily be observed because it takes an extended time for the pendulum to stop swinging, so only a small amount of energy is lost on each swing. Gravity The pendulum is motivated by the force of gravity acting on it. The more gravity the shorter time it will take for a complete swing. The less gravity the longer it would take for a complete swing Size of swing The size of the swing does not have large effect on the time. Mass The mass of the pendulum does not affect the time at all. Prediction The diagram shows the arcs through which two pendulums swing. The red one is twice the length of the black one. The black arc is always at a steeper angle than the red arc, and always above it. The black pendulum has the most gravitational potential energy at the top of the swing because it is higher. This means the
Physics coursework
Physics coursework Centre 40209 Candidate 3014 Anthony Brocklesby Aim * To investigate the factors that affects the average speed of a falling cake case. Equipment I will need: * 50 cake cases * 1 Stop clock * Flat surface * Tape measure Prediction * I predict 50 cake cases will fall with a greater speed than the others. This is because more cake cases have a greater mass and will therefore hit the floor with a quicker time, and a greater speed. My research suggests that because the mass is greater with more cake cases, they will reach a constant speed slower therefore accelerating for longer. * To calculate the average speed I used the equation o Speed = Distance Time * The distance I am dropping the cases from is 1.8 metres Preliminary plan I will get 50 cake cases * Measure the height of where I want to drop cake cases off. * Use a timer and time the time it takes for the cake case to fall to the floor of the determined height. * Then record my results in a table then determine the average time by adding my first and my second times then dividing them by two * Then to find the average speed I used the equation speed =distance over time * So I divided my distance by my average time to get the average speed. Safety To keep the experiment safe I will make sure that the cupboards are secure and wont fall over. I will also keep the experiment area clear
Physics Coursework
Conclusion on the distance travelled by the car to the height up the ramp From the pattern on the graph we can conclude that the distance travelled by the car is further when you put the car higher up the ramp. We can prove this from the results on the graph. At ten centimetres up the ramp, the car travels an average distance of one hundred and seven point three centimetres. This is quite a low average of distance travelled and that is because there is less gravitational potential energy. As we get higher up the graph we find that the average distance does get larger, this is because there is more gravitational potential energy, and at twenty centimetres up the ramp there is almost a ninety centimetre difference of average between the lowest average and the highest average. This is because there is the most gravitational potential energy for the car. From the graph we can see that the gradient is larger at points fifteen centimetres on the average to fourteen centimetres on the average, then at seventeen centimetres on the average to twenty centimetres on the average. This because the car is starting to reach its terminal velocity and the amount of gravitational potential energy that is being increased is starting to become less effective because the car can not travel any faster after it has reached its terminal velocity. The gradient between points nineteen centimetres on
To investigate the factors that affect the time of swing in a simple pendulum, using a small weight and a length of string attached to a fixed point.
Aim: To investigate the factors that affect the time of swing in a simple pendulum, using a small weight and a length of string attached to a fixed point. Background Information: Dictionary Definition: n1 a weight suspended so it swings freely under the influence of gravity. 2 such a device used to regulate a clock mechanism. "Pendulum, a mass, called a bob, suspended from a fixed point so that it can swing in an arc determined by its momentum and the force of gravity." -Columbia University A pendulum can be defined as anything suspended from a fixed point that can swing in an arc. This can be anything from a watch on the end of a string, to a huge demolition crane. These types of objects are seen often around the world. A pendulum generally swings from one height, gains momentum, follows an arc through and decelerates at it goes against gravity back up to an altitude similar to that of its release point. The object at the end of the pendulum is called a bob. The length of the pendulum is from the point of suspension to the centre of gravity of the bob. The time taken for the pendulum to swing from one side to the other is called the Period of Swing. Hypothesis My prediction is based on 3 main factors: Length of string Mass of Pendulum Angle of release Firstly, the length of the string will cause the pendulum to have to travel further to complete a
'To investigate whether the amount of paper cup cake holders affects the time taken to fall a certain distance'.
Abdulrehman JAVAD 11F George Mitchell School (13410) Science Coursework Investigating falling objects Aim: 'To investigate whether the amount of paper cup cake holders affects the time taken to fall a certain distance'. Plan: When I do this experiment, I will drop 1 cake cup from a certain height (which will be kept constant throughout the experiment.) When the cake cup is dropped a stop watch will start, then will be stopped when the cake cup hits the ground. I will then repeat this experiment using 2 cake cups, then three and so on. Altogether I will take 6 different weight readings, each weight reading done 3 times, so I can have a wide range of accurate results to plot on a graph. When doing the experiment, to make sure it is fair I will do the following things: Make sure the cake cup is dropped from the same height each time, if it wasn't then the results would be inaccurate. I will make sure the same person times the cake cup falling; this is because different people have different reactions. We will keep the same sized cake cups, as a different surface areas would lead to wrong results (I will presume that the cake cups I use will weigh the same). When doing the experiment I will make sure there is nothing that could affect my results E.G wind or obstacles in the way, this would effect the falling time of the cake cup, therefore giving inaccurate results. The
