Unit 2: P4 P5. National Initiatives: promoting anti-discriminatory practice
National Initiatives: promoting anti-discriminatory practice Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) The NMC is a regulatory body for nurses and midwives, in order for them to be able to practise in the UK they must be registered with the NMC. This also requires them to meet standards and follow the code of conduct. The NMC promotes anti-discriminatory practice because if any nurse or midwife falls short of the code of conduct they are investigated by the council. The code of conduct was revised and improved recently to make it easier to understand and follow, making it more effective. The standards have pretty much stayed the same, however they have been summarised into four statements; prioritise people, practise effectively, preserve safety and promote professionalism and trust. Prioritise people means putting the care and safety of the patient first, they should be your main concern. This covers treating people with kindness, respect and compassion, delivering the basics of care effectively, avoiding making assumptions and recognising diversity and individual choice. Ensuring any treatment or assistance of care is delivered without delay and people’s human rights are upheld. This statement of the code of conduct and its standards promotes anti-discriminatory practice because upholding people’s human rights means challenging discriminatory practice when you see it,
Unit 10: Caring for Children D2: Justify responses where child maltreatment or abuse is suspected or confirmed, referring to current legislation and policies.
D2: Justify responses where child maltreatment or abuse is suspected or confirmed referring to current legislation and policies. The first step in responding to suspicion of child abuse is to investigate. This is supported by the Children Act 1989 which states that if there has been a reasonable cause to suspect a child is being maltreated or abused there is a duty to investigate. The Children Act 1989 was updated to the Children Act 2004 after the Victoria Climbie case and the recommendations made by Lord Laming in the inquiry held into her death, because the original Act was found not to be effective enough in protecting and safeguarding children. The first step of investigating needs to be supported by reasonable suspicion that come from disclosure. Disclosure is when someone, in this case a young person or child, feels that they trust you enough to tell you sensitive information. Direct disclosure is when a child tells you directly that they are being abused or neglected for instance; when a child tells her favourite teacher that she has a secret she isn’t supposed to tell anyone and then tells her teacher that her uncle makes her do things she doesn’t like to do. However, direct disclosures are rare and abuse is often identified or suspected through indirect disclosures. Indirect disclosures are when children communicate what they have experienced through their
Unit 10 Caring for Children and Young People P3 - Identifying abuse.
Working with young people and children: identifying abuse What is Abuse? Abuse is when someone is treated in a way that negatively impacts them emotionally, physically, sexually, mentally or intellectually. The five types of abuse are; neglect, physical, emotional, sexual and domestic violence. In this handbook for identifying abuse the physical indicators and the behavioural indicators will be explained. Some people are predisposed to abuse when they have also suffered abuse from someone else, somebody beaten by their parents is more likely, predisposed to beating their own children. This is a factor that should be taken into account when child abuse or maltreatment is suspected. Another factor that needs to be taken into account is whether the young person or child is being exploited. Are they being sexually exploited, are they being made to do unacceptable activities such as work? There are many ways in which a child can be exploited, and it is easier for those who will, to exploit a child because they are vulnerable. The long term consequences of a child suffering abuse or maltreatment of any kind is that they are more likely to carry it on into their adult life. Children who have suffered this need a lot of care and support to be able to live as healthy a life as normal, this care and support can come in the form of therapists, doctors, social workers, foster
Drug Abuse
A drug is “a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well-being” (Dictionary 1). Even though most teens are using drugs as an enhancement, drug abuse for teens is a world wide spread problem. Drug abuse is especially bad in the United States. In a survey, the website teenhelp.com reported that 34.3 percent of high school seniors used marijuana in the last year. Marijuana is the most used drug of teens but over the past 12 months 5.3 percent of high school seniors has used cocaine and 10 percent used stimulants and 4.2 percent used inhalants. Causes of drug abuse have had efforts to solve but they do not work. If drug abuse is still present, the consequences can get worse. There are many causes to drug abuse. The number on reason why students do drugs is because they are stressed and want an escape from reality. “An accompanying study showed that parents severely underestimate the amount of stress their teen is under and the impact it has on their life” (“Top 10 Reasons of Drug Abuse”). Parents do not know what teens go through so if they are not watching them they can form bad habits such as drug abuse. Another major reason why teens use drugs is because of peer pressure or social acceptance. “If your teen’s friends think it’s cool to se drugs or alcohol, or if your
Effective Communication
Evaluation Immunisation Immunity is given to children to protect them from developing disease. However this protection is artificial immunity to stop and prevent damages by organisms or toxins. For example many children may become infected with bacteria or viruses which eventually lead to serious illnesses, however some of these organisms may also produce toxins which may result in serious damage, but the natural immunity in the child may not have the ability to fight these foreign invaders because it is not strong enough. However when a child is immunized the body then develops resistance against further infections. Why do we immunize? Many years ago in the 1900's when there was no such thing as Immunisation many children suffered and died from many diseases, such as Pertussis which is also known as the whooping coughs. Other examples are diphtheria and tetanus; these were the main cause of child deaths known at the time. Whereas Immunisation takes care of that and offers vaccination targeted at specific illness and diseases which may eventually lead to death. However today looking the previous statistics of these deaths you may see there is a huge difference due to Immunisation. However we can see that just by looking at the graph below, it clearly states that there had been more death before vaccination was introduced in 1957 where as
Effective communication
This booklet is to educate and guide care workers on how to promote effective communication. In health and social care not only do care workers have to communicate with their clients but they also have to be able to communicate effectively with other care workers or colleagues What is the nature of effective communication? Effective Communication is a way of interaction or understanding between two people, it is also a way of giving and receiving information or message and expressing our thoughts (Hickman 2006). Communication is sending and receiving messages, through verbal, non-verbal, formal and informal. In a health and social care setting communication is very essential because the way people send a message can affect the receiver. "Communication is seen as the successful transmission of information through a common system of symbols, signs, behaviour, speech, writing, or signals. Doe.mass.edu (2001) Care practitioners need to have good communication skills as it enables them to develop appropriate relationships with different service users. In an Early years centre, as a nursery nurse different communication skills are needed to be used when communicating with the children, their parents and other workers. When working in different sectors you have to use good listening skills and you have to be able to use open and closed questions when needed. You also have
The effects of smoking
The effects of smoking on the body Almost one third of the World's population are smokers for one reason or another, appearance, reduce stress etc. However, I, and many others, find it very difficult to believe smoking can aid anyone's appearance as it encourages early ageing, and I do not believe that any of the risks that smoking has is worth any amount of stress relief that it can provide. Cigarette smoking can have serious health effects on the human body. Smoking causes a variety of life threatening diseases. This is because they contain more than 4,000 chemicals (www.click2quit.co.uk), including 43 of which cause cancer (www.betterhealthchannel.com.au). Nicotine is a substance in cigarettes which although does not cause cancer itself, it is a highly addictive drug that is toxic and potentially lethal (www.click2quit.co.uk). Apart from its use in tobacco products, nicotine is a scheduled poison. Tobacco smoke contains many dangerous chemicals, the most damaging of which are; tar, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, metals and radioactive compounds. These all contribute in seriously harming the body's health through a variety of diseases. Smoking is shown to have harmful effects on most if not all areas of the body. The circulatory system can suffer from raised blood pressure, thrombosis, atherosclerosis and increased risk of stroke and heart
Job Roles
Key Stage 1 Primary school Teacher The role of a Primary School Teacher Primary School Teachers are the key element of a Childs learning. Primary school teachers who work within key stage 1 work with children aged between five and seven. Primary school teachers prepare lessons for the young children by planning schemes of work and lessons which meet the curriculum objective. There are many personal requirements which are necessary to be a Primary School teacher being a good and effective communicator Primary School Teachers must be able to deal with differing capability of children as many and they must be prepared to work out of School hours. Primary School Teachers also have other job roles such as monitoring children's progress and preparing them for the assessments, such as the SATs. Primary school teachers may find their job challenging as they need to supervise the children as well creating a positive environment for the pupils whilst trying to teach them too. Other roles include develop children's abilities and interests whilst motivating them using imaginative presentations and creative lessons. Primary School Teachers also have to attend meetings with other members of staff where they discuss wider school issues. They also need to hold parents evenings where thy can tell the parents how the children are doing and what needs to be done at home which could
Learning Styles
Introduction There are many theorists who have tried to find the most effective learning styles. To find an effective learning style, many variables participate in the reception of learning. These variables can be the opportunity for learning, support available for learning, time management, the environment for a student, their personal learning style, motivation, and a student's emotions. Two theorists who have taken some of these variables into consideration to create an effective learning style are David Kolb and Howard Gardner. David Kolb created Kolb's learning cycle in 1984 and Howard Gardner created Gardner's multiple intelligences theory in 1983. Influences for Learning Opportunities for learning can be affected by social class and the environment of a pupil. A pupil can affect their opportunity of learning in by domino effect. Not being able to get a good quality primary education can affect being able to carry on with a secondary or further education. Social class also is a huge variable to opportunities for learning. Upper class pupils may have "strings" they can use to further high quality education. People in the lower class of society may not have an advantage and will not be able to get a high quality education. Money follows in the social class as a variable because great valued opportunities for learning may come with a price. Support for learning
lifespan development
There are many factors, which affect the way in which we develop. These can include genetic information or what's happening in the environment around us. Many people have different ideas, on the idea of personal development, in relation to the nature, nurture debate. Major events in our lives can affect us in many ways without realising it. I am going to explain and discuss how life factors and events may influence the development of an individual. P4-There is many influences upon the development of an individual there are three main areas to consider they are genetic factors, environmental factors and socio economic factors. Firstly the environmental factors can include things such as pollution in the air around us, access to certain facilities such as the health service, or leisure facilities, the town that we live in is important and even the school we attend. Children who live in deprived or disadvantaged circumstances may have their development affected; this could be things such as poor home situation, if our r home is unsafe or is cold and damp it is likely to affected our development. Parents who smoke cigarettes who cause there children to passive smoke, or even smoking in the environment whilst having there children tend to have smaller than average children which will have already affected there development through smoking. They tend to do less well in school to.
