Assess the view that the most important feature of an electoral system is proportionality.
Assess the view that the most important feature of an electoral system is proportionality. Many people citizen many of the electoral systems are that they try to produce a single winner therefore distorting proportionality and the distribution of preferences among the voters. These systems are designed to produce a balance between the total number of votes and the total number of seats which it receives from the legislation. Proportionality is basically about fairness but elections are not always fair, for example, In 1997 Labour only won 44% or the votes but won 64% of the seats using the first past the post system. In a truly proportional system the labour party would only have been entitled to 44% of the seats. Proportional representation tries to prevent this distortion between votes and seats, although it is not always successful. This is the most proportional system where votes are equal to the seats. There are many various forms of P.R, and the most commonly used one is called the P.R List system. This is used in all European countries except for the UK Ireland and France. Parties list there candidates in the order in which they want them to be elected. There are 2 variants of the list system, Closed List and Open List. In the closed list system is used in Israel and Spain. This system can be used in multi-member constituencies, but in Israel there is one
Discuss the role of persuasion in today's organizations and the issues that may arise during the process.
INTRODUCTION Communication plays an integral role in our lives. Be it at work, at play or even between self, we are constantly communicating, consciously and unconsciously. Virtually nobody can avoid communication. For the purpose of this subject, the focus is on managerial communication, which is quite different from other forms of communication. As Munter (2000) puts it, "in a business or management setting, a brilliant message alone is not sufficient: you are successful only if your message leads to the response you desire from you audience." This paper thus seeks to document the managerial communication process and the potential benefits and problems that might suffice during the process. It will also attempt to reinforce the growing importance of effective communication in organizations with appropriate examples drawn from the good practices and strategies used in successful organizations of today. For the purpose of this assignment, this paper will seek to discuss the role of persuasion in today's organizations and the issues that may arise during the process. It will attempt to discuss what Adler and Elmhorst (2002) proposed of the effects of persuasion and behavioural change. This paper will also look into the various persuasion strategies that have been widely used in the past and present and the ethical considerations that need to be made in this new day and age
The purpose of the report is to find out the way of communication systems used at the "Recruitment Agency".
Terms Of Reference We are presenting this report on the communication system of the "Recruitment Agency". Aim of the report The purpose of the report is to find out the way of communication systems used at the "Recruitment Agency" e.g. Communication to Employees. The methods that we are going to find out the communication between 36 member of staff and the manager. The problem the business has is that the newly recruited manager has to know the 36 member of staff very speedily. So, the communication bridge can be considered as a newly born baby. I have found the information by: * Desk reference. * Reading the Journals. * Asking the teacher. Communication is one of the key aspects in keeping a successful business on top. The "Recruitment agency" needs to have effective methods of communication so that everyone is clear about objectives, everyone is informed of changes in the working environment and therefore members can respond to these new ideas. Business decisions involve the co-operation and interaction of several individuals. Sometimes group of colleagues work together in a group to attain a goal. Communication must therefore be maintained to facilitate theses joint effort. Without communicating ideas and thoughts it would be impossible to identify common objectives and purpose necessary for successful operations. So, what is communication ? "Communication is
Education through ICT has changed massively over years. For example the National Curriculum requires that children can use computers from an early age and can use all software as they progress into secondary schools and further education.
Education Introduction Education through ICT has changed massively over years. For example the National Curriculum requires that children can use computers from an early age and can use all software as they progress into secondary schools and further education. Pupils are using ICT in nearly every subject. Social There are many social effects on Education for example the use of walkie-talkies in schools. This is device used commonly within educational establishments to help teachers or assistants to stay in contact with each other when monitoring lunch or break times. Anther example is Motion sensors are small devices that can be placed into classrooms, hallways or lecture rooms. These are designed to detect any movement and if desired they can feed into a central system from which they could alert an alarm if it was set to do so. Phones have a place just about everywhere in the world, and definitely do in education. Phones are used to contact absentees, members of staff during the day or after hours, phone parents or phone in late. Lastly e-mail is the final example. Everyone has a computer nowadays and almost everyone has an email account. This is a method of increasing popularity, which many people in the educational areas try to utilize. This can be used for sending messages to one another or handing in late homework Professional A new technology that has made
Should the UK reform its main electoral system?
Michelle Feeney Should the UK reform its main electoral system? Over the years Britain's pluralist electoral system has been scrutinised by many political and pressure groups, such as the Liberal Democrats and the Electoral Reform Society. In their 1997 Manifesto, the Labour Party did state that they would look into the matter, by holding a referendum on the issue, however there was no change as Labour had a large majority in 1997 and Labour has preformed disappointingly in elections where Proportional Representation had been used. The main electoral system in the UK should be reformed because the 'first past the post' system does not represent the electorate in a democratic manner. It also under represents smaller parties, as the system creates a two party system in which either Labour or the Conservatives have been in Government. This has been the occurrence since 1945, and to amend this and be represented wholly, we should reform our electorate system using a method of Proportional Representation in which the electorate would be represented. The current system does have some advantages, such as it is a simple system and the concept can be grasped by anyone, and it produces clear results. Therefore, there would be a strong majority government and no weak coalitions. The author of 'Electoral Reform,' David Agnew agrees with this statement, and also states that with
Using Search Engines
Task 1 Using Search Engines Introduction In this task I have been asked to research for a website by using a search engine that I think is best suitable for the research. In this research I will be finding a weather station website that contains forty years of data on rainfall. The reason for why I want this is because I need to see whether there has been a decrease or an increase in rainfall. In order to do find the website I will have to type in specific words and phrases into the search engine; to tell the search engine what exactly I'm looking for. As part of the task I will also have to use logical operators which are, AND, NOT and OR to search for the website. I will be explaining each of the logical operators in detail below: - AND: - In search engines they automatically put this is a search so you don't really need to put it in the search bar. So if you put in a search like 'birds bees,' it will put in AND to make 'birds and bees' and will only bring back websites that have 'birds and bees' in the website. OR: - In a search this would bring up more websites. For example if I put in a search like birds or bees, it will bring up sites with just birds in it, websites with just bees in it and websites that have both Birds and bees. So by using OR it brings back more websites. NOT: - By using NOT, it will dismiss anything I put after NOT. So for example if I put
Making Reference To Leading Alternative Systems, Critically Assess the Case For Electoral Reform In the Uk.
MAKING REFERENCE TO LEADING ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS, CRITICALLY ASSESS THE CASE FOR ELECTORAL REFORM IN THE UK. Voting and elections are essential for true democracy. A democracy is a political system were everyone within that system has the right to have a say on how the system is run. Whilst direct democracy is impractical, representative democracy can be as good. Instead of having 30,000 people having their say on each issue that comes to their attention, one representative can try his/her best to sum up the feeling of their constituency overall on the matter at hand. This both saves a lot of time and also means that the representative must work to ensure that he retains the vote of the electorate to retain his/her seat in the representative assembly. The current system of voting representatives for general elections in the UK is the 'first past the post' or 'simple majority' system. The UK is split into different geographic locations, called constituencies. These constituencies have approximately the same population. As people constantly move, the boundaries of these constituencies have to be altered from time to time to ensure people are receiving fair representation, and in the UK this is done by the Boundary Commision. One candidate will be elected from each constituency to represent it in the House of Commons. The winning candidate needs only a majority of the
Developing a Network.
Syemtec Computers Developing a Network Symtec's Opportunity for developing a network for Eye-lights Introduction Eye-lights Network Solution A graphics company called Eye-Lights has approached Symtec. Eye-lights have asked Symtec to create a network system that will allow the workers of the company to share a printer. Eye-lights are based in Birmingham. It opened 2 years ago in Birmingham. Now one of the company's workers is going to move to London but still continue working for the company. Also an opportunity has arisen to work with a designer from Paris. Research in to possible solutions Symtec have looked into the possible solutions for developing a network in the Eye-lights office. But for the users outside of Birmingham will need to connect to the same network within the Eye-lights building another method will need to be looked into for this. On the following pages is research into this problem and a clear explanation for the possible solutions that could be used within the Eye-lights company. After looking at this research I have discovered the ideal network for the company. But there are a few factors still missing from the research I need to have a look at the following things: * Operating System * Application Software to be distributed across the network * Security on the network * Antivirus Software * Hardware This research will be shown on the
The Future of communication.
The Future of communication -"Behind every man now alive stand thirty ghosts, for that is the ratio by which the dead outnumber the living. Since the dawn of time, roughly a hundred billion human beings have walked the planet Earth. --Now this is an interesting number, for by a curious coincidence there are approximately a hundred billion stars in our local universe, the Milky Way. So for every man who has ever lived, in this universe, there shines a star." (from Clarke's foreword in 2001, A Space Odyssey, 1968) I think the next century; the educational revolution will ensure that learning will be completely liberated from the tyrannies of schedules and locations. Anybody, anywhere will be able to study any subject, and access any form of information - at his or her most comfortable speed. This will make education the life-long process it must be.*** I defiantly think the future of communications is in people. People will become more open to discussion or chat. Interaction of any kind is an important form learning, even body language; people will be more expressive and affectionate with each other. Who knows? The world may be a safer and ever more comfortable place to live…. I mean, we have seen single-interest groups - pro-choice, environmental, animal rights, and gay rights groups being the most prominent in the past centuary. Although I am always feeling since
Unit 21: Working with ICT Hardware and Equipment
Unit 21: Working with ICT Hardware and Equipment The working Process Building a pc for a school When building a pc for a school I need to ensure that it is built to the requirements. As the pc go out to the schools and the connexions centre they need to have specific software etc on the computers for them to run correctly without any problems. When building a pc for a school I need to check the following: Customer Requirements Customer requirements can be from what they need i.e.: * The basic - computer * Which software they are requiring in this case Citrix as the main programme. (Citrix is used to remotely connect to the server from over the internet). * It could also need a certain amount of memory in the computer * A better machine so that it does not cause them the hassle that the old one did. This can be helpful especially if the customer is on their computer all through the working day. Personal advisers that are in schools also need to have computers that can be as fast as required as they tend to hold a lot of interviews with the pupils at the school. * Any extra ram or drivers that are needed need to be placed into the computer carefully. As the ICT team are regularly asked to make sure that computer speed is kept at its maximum for all computers in the business it is important that extra ram is put in carefully, ensuring that health and safety rules are
