Explain where and why depositional landforms occur along the course of a river.
Explain where and why depositional landforms occur along the course of a river. Rivers have three courses. The course is the journey the river makes to reach the sea. Rivers never have a straight course from source to mouth. Their course is always irregular. Along this course depositional landforms can occur. Landforms can be formed from the deposition of weathered and eroded surface materials. On occasion, these deposits can be compressed, altered by pressure, heat and chemical processes to become sedimentary rocks. This includes landforms with some of the following geomorphic features: beaches, deltas, floodplains, and glacial moraines. The upper course is found in the mountains and hills where the river rises from its source and often waterfalls and rapids are also found in this course. The river is usually fast flowing in the upper course; also there are lots of stones and boulders for the water to flow over. Furthermore, the river starts as a stream in the upper course and flows through valleys. The middle course, however, is where the river starts to become wider and deeper. The land, which the river flows over, is becoming flatter and this is where the river starts to meander or bend in the middle course. The lower course is where the river becomes its widest and deepest. This course is found closest to the sea where the river has its mouth. The flat area of land by
River Chess Coursework
River Chess Coursework My coursework involve a study of the river chess near Amersham. It is obviously based on the work that we did as part of the Rivers module. My work will show how this river changes as it moves downstream. Firstly, the River Chess springs from the Chess Valley in Chesham and Hertfordshire which is in South-East of England. The reason why we studied R. Chess is because the nearest river to us and it will be wise to take measurements of the size of a small river instead of a large e.g. Thames, where it will be difficult to take measurements. Chess River has a drainage basin of 105 square km that covers parts of Chesham, Buckinghamshire and Hertfordshire. Site 1: 1.5 km from source Site 2: 16km from source Site 3: 17 km From source It is important to study the rivers and systems, so we know what to expect and will be able to control them in different ways Leaves example - where the rivers it will not lead to a disaster to the surrounding villages as we all know that if a major river flood can cause devastation as when the Mississippi flooded in New Orleans in 2005. Therefore studying the history and the rivers we have Aid to bring about the prevention of floods. However, the study of rivers in the summer is different than in the winter because the river depth varies depending more rain in
A Walk by the River.
A Walk by the River The sudden, swift, severe summer storm caught me totally unaware. I was walking down Old Salem Road when the clouds started to build. I looked around as I huddled under a large, dead oak tree. Almost all of the houses on this abandoned street were too badly damaged for me to take shelter in, except for one. The house loomed impressive and morbid in the greenish-black sky. A flash of lightning briefly illuminated the house. The windows were broken, but the superstructure seemed sound. I was becoming soaked as I pondered my dilemma. Should I stay under the tree and risk getting hit by lightning or should I go into that old house, not know who, or what, might be in there? The storm decided for me. Lightning hit the tree, filling the air with the sent of scorched sap. I dashed onto the porch and pounded on the door. It was open. What was that? I thought, my heart in my mouth. I slowly turned around. I didn't see anyone, but that didn't mean that there couldn't be someone else in the house with me. It was a large house. I hesitated before I went into the living room. My lantern, my best friend at the moment, showed off ancient paintings of a red-haired man with angular features and a host of antiques. Over a marble fireplace, in the far side of the room, hung a silvery mirror with plump, little cherubs surrounding it. Crash. I jumped and almost dropped the
Assess the costs and benefits of one river management scheme you have studied
Assess the costs and benefits of one river management scheme (15 Marks) There are various arguments for and against the management of the Mississippi and in particular the method of hard engineering used. The Mississippi drains approximately one third of the USA and is a major transport route therefore it is essential that the river is managed efficiently in order to protect jobs, businesses and homes. Although the management failed in 1993 the volume of water was not accounted for, the sporadic volume was not designed to be matched by the management. In effect the budget was set out to prevent specifically flood of a lower volume of water, it can be argued that up until the 1993 floods it was working perfectly. In addition an argument against the management of Mississippi that floods have gotten worse was proved false as records at the time were inaccurate. It was also suggested that some levee's breaking may have saved towns further upstream. Furthermore the jobs created by the construction of levees, flood walls and wing dykes and other management techniques have boosted the economy. There was also extremely hazardous antecendent conditions that could not be predicted, there was 200% more rain than usual for the particular time of year and people were unprepared in the west were flooding is uncommon, this could not be accounted for when managing the floods for the
Atmospheric pollutants in the lower atmosphere essay.
Atmospheric pollutants in the lower atmosphere The atmosphere becomes polluted by both natural processes and the activities of humans. Volcanoes can release toxic gases including sulfur dioxide. Lightning produces toxic nitrogen oxides and ozone. Let us examine some gases that pollute the lower atmosphere. Lower atmospheric pollutants often include particulates such as soot from forest fires and the exhaust from industry. Metal dusts and concrete dusts also are atmospheric pollutants, as are vapours from solvents used in industry and domestically. Carbon dioxide The concentration of carbon dioxide has shown a gradual increase during the twentieth century. The burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil products has caused this gradual increase in carbon dioxide levels. This increase in carbon dioxide is one of the factors that scientists believe has added to global warming. This is sometimes referred to as the 'enhanced greenhouse effect'. Carbon dioxide absorbs infrared (IR) radiation that is re-radiated by the Earth's surface. This process is vital in ensuring that the Earth does not lose too much heat and become a cold, lifeless planet. Too much carbon dioxide, however, leads to higher heat retention with consequent changes to the abiotic and biotic environment. Carbon monoxide Carbon monoxide is a lower-atmospheric pollutant. Road traffic emissions account for up
Analyse How the Inputs and Outputs from a River Basin Can Vary Over Time
Analyse How the Inputs and Outputs from a River Basin Can Vary Over Time Both the inputs to and outputs from a river basin can vary both spatially (in different areas) and temporally (over time), due to daily, seasonal and annual occurrences. Precipitation mainly reaches the grounds surface from the atmosphere as snow and rain. Heavy snow is often intercepted and stored on the tops of hills and mountains and may lead to a decrease in river levels. Some rainfall may fall directly into the stream or river and some may fall onto the land and flow into the river basin through a variety of routes including throughflow, stemflow and overland flow. The intensity and duration of precipitation has a short term but regular effect upon both the inputs and outputs of a river basin due to the weather patterns. Over a short period of time, for example a week, the precipitation levels over the river basin can significantly vary, as on some days of the week the total precipitation can be extremely high and the next it could be virtually zero. Long periods of rainfall are the main cause of flooding as the soil has become saturated it reaches its infiltration capacity and infiltration is reduced, therefore increasing the frequency of surface run off and the risk of flooding. In addition to the weather having a large impact on the inputs over a short period of time in and around the
Bird flu course work
Bird flu course work The graph shows the number of cases and deaths in 15 countries from 2003 to 2008. You can see that the 2 countries who had the most cases and deaths are Vietnam and Indonesia. Vietnam had the most cases and deaths in 2003, then in 2004 Thailand got the bird flu, so it started to spread. In 2004 the number of deaths and cases Vietnam had 29 cases and 20 deaths. Thailand had the half the number of death and cases. In 2005 the bird flu spread to Indonesia. All these countries are close to each other. Thailand is neighbours with Cambodia but its has not been effected by bird flu as much as Vietnam and Indonesia. Birds like to fly to warm places like Indonesia, because it has a different climate. Therefore they might spread bird flu. E.g. Vietnam had cases of bird flu and it spread to another country like Indonesia. The number of cases and deaths in Vietnam will go down and the number of cases and deaths in Indonesia will increase. You can see in my graph that Vietnam had 80 cases and deaths in 2005 and the same year Indonesia had 33 deaths and cases, the year after Vietnam have decreased by 100% but Indonesia have gone up a lot 67%. Vietnam and Indonesia are close to each other so the disease could easily spread. There is a pattern, some countries increase while the others decrease. As
How significant was Chinas intervention in deciding the course and outcome of the Korean War?
How Significant was China’s intervention in deciding the course and outcome of the Civil War? China’s intervention in the Korean played a significant part in deciding the course and outcome of the Civil War in a variety of ways. Among the most significant of these factors are the role played by the Chinese ‘volunteer’ army in pushing the UN forces back to the 38th Parallel and then South Korea, which prolonged a conflict which was seemingly going to be won by the UN. Without this intervention, the stalemate that led to the eventual Armistice would never have happened. Also, if China hadn’t intervened, then General MacArthur may not have been sacked by Truman, as part of the reason for his sacking was his failure to prevent the advance of the PRC; this would have been academic if the PRC hadn’t intervened in the war. If China had not intervened, MacArthur could have still been in control of the army ( as Truman would have had less reason to dismiss him), and as a result the US could have held a more aggressive stance towards attacking mainland China, as this is what MacArthur wanted in order to end the conflict quickly. Chinese intervention also meant that the damage and cost to all sides increased, as well as the significant impact China had on the eventual peace terms. One of the main factors that demonstrate the significance of the Chinese intervention was the
Pygmalion: In what way or ways does Eliza change over the course of the play?
Pygmalion: In what way or ways does Eliza change over the course of the play? Jung-hi Li, 11MJ The play "Pygmalion" by George Bernad Shaw is one of the famous English plays in the world. The main theme and name of the play was taken from Greek Myth, called "Pygmalion", which a beautiful woman sculpture became a real woman. In contrast, the main story of this play is that a young flower girl Eliza Doolittle became a duchess in the ambassador's party. During the play, she's changing in many ways from the start to at the end, and the changes of Eliza, the main theme of this play, should be mentioned in this essay. When Eliza Doolittle appears herself in Chapter 1, she was just same shape as other low class people. She wore same thing as other low class people wear, and looks dirty because she did not wash her body. In linguistically, her pronunciation and grammar were terrible, and she has a London accent, so it was hard to understand her talking. However, although she was lower class people, she was always proud, and did not afraid to the other person. This quote expresses how she thinks herself; "I'm good girl, I am!". Most of main characters are shown in Chapter 1, such as Eliza, Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering. When they met first time at the portico of the church, Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering did not have so much interest in Eliza, but only a common flower
Home economics. Time plan for a 3 course meal
Starter- Chickpea Soup Main course- Mediterranean Fish Stew and Rice Dessert- Chocolate Muffins and Chocolate Custard Side Dish- Rustic Bread Breakfast Dish- Fruit Granola Time Method Reminder 00:00-00:10 Collect all equipment and ingredients wash hands and wash cooking area. 00:10-00:20 Begin preparing fruit, vegetables for all dishes Wash all vegetables thoroughly. Preheat oven to 200oC 00:20-00:30 Mix together 1 tsp yeast, 250g flour and 1 /2 tsp salt. Add tbsp of olive oil and gradually add 200ml water to make dough. Knead dough on a floured surface for 4-5 minutes. Add rosemary. 00:30-00:40 Cut into 8 pieces and roll out. Place breads on baking sheet. Scatter with rosemary, season with salt, pepper and olive oil. Bake for 10 minutes. Leave for 5 minutes 00:40-00:50 Heat oil in a large pan, add onion and celery and leave for 10 minutes. Add cumin. Boil kettle. Take bread from oven. 00:50-01:00 Make vegetable stock and add to the pan along with the tomatoes and chickpeas. Leave to simmer until ready. Turn down heat. 01:00-01:10 Oil a muffin tin. Sieve cocoa powder into a mixing bowl, add self raising flour and caster sugar. Combine and make a well. Beat milk, an egg and oil together in a measuring jug. Pour into well and stir to make a batter. Spoon into muffin tin and bake for 15 minutes. Use fork to combine. Place on top shelf
