To investigate the height dropped from a crater and the affect in the size of a crater due to a meteorite hitting the Earth.
Crater Investigation Aim: To investigate the height dropped from a crater and the affect in the size of a crater due to a meteorite hitting the Earth. Diagram: Apparatus: * Clamp * Base * Stand * Ruler * Wooden ball weighing 35.4g * Container of flour * Cocktail stick (for calibrating readings) Preliminary Work Height Dropped: A 24.5g ball bearing was dropped from three points using the ruler. Height Dropped (cm) Depth of Crater (cm) 25 .5 50 3 75 4 Mass of Ball: A table tennis ball of mass 3.5g was dropped from 50 cm. The weight was changed by adding iron balls each time. Mass of ball (g) Depth of Crater (cm) 7.8 2.2 8.5 2.5 21.4 3.1 Material Used: A ball bearing of mass 509.7g was dropped from 75cm in different materials. Material used Depth of Crater (cm) Flour 4.2 Semolina .4 Sand .0 Salt 4.5 I have decided to investigate height dropped because it is the most reliable variable in order to obtain accurate, varied results and maintain a fair test. Method: . The equipment was set up as shown in the diagram above. 2. A suitable sized wooden ball of mass 35.4g was chosen to be dropped. 3. The flour in the container was flattened out. 4. A height was selected on the ruler and recorded. 5. The ball was then dropped from this height into the container. 6. The ball was carefully removed from its position and the depth of the
Dropping ball-bearing of various diameters into a viscous liquid, glycerol, timing the fall between two markers that are a known distance apart.
Aim In this experiment I dropped ball-bearing of various diameters into a viscous liquid, glycerol, timing the fall between two markers that are a known distance apart. I will then be looking for a relationship between the velocity of descent and the diameter. Diagram Method . I measured the diameter of the ball bearing. 2. I dropped a steel ball bearing down the pipe filled with glycerol. 3. As the ball bearing passed the first marker I started the stop clock. 4. As the ball bearing passed the second marker I stopped the stop clock. 5. I record the time taken in my table against the diameter of the ball bearing. 6. I repeated the experiment with different sized ball bearings. Results Diameter of ball bearing (mm) Time (s) Average Time (s) 25 .58 .56 .57 22.25 .62 .59 .605 6 .85 .85 3 2.18 2.14 2.22 2.18 9.55 3.19 3.22 3.2 9.61 0 3 3 3 3 4 4.1 4.02 4.09 4.07 Data Analysis Stokes Law states that spheres falling through a fluid exhibit the following relationship. Viscosity - any object moving through a viscous fluid is acted on by friction due to the fluid. A higher viscosity will increase this friction that opposes its motion. Calculating Viscosity The force needed to separate molecules of the fluid according to Stokes is Eq. (1) -> F = 6(pi)Rnvc, Where R is the radius of the sphere, n is the viscosity of the fluid, and
What affects the time period of a pendulum.
What affects the time period of a pendulum Plan I have been asked to investigate what affects the time period of 1 oscillation of a pendulum. Definitions: Oscillation: Repeated motion of pendulum (to and for) Period (T): Time taken for one full oscillation Prediction I predict that the longer the length of string the longer it will take the pendulum to complete one period. This is because the length of the arc, the pendulum is traveling along is greater, but the gravitational acceleration will remain the same. This prediction is also proved by the formula Here if the length of the string is increased (L) then that side of the equation becomes larger because the size of the fraction is increasing and because one side of the equation is increasing so must the other to remain equal so T will also increase. Hypothesis What a pendulum is: A pendulum is a body suspended by a fixed point so it can swing back and forth under the influence of gravity. Pendulums are frequently used in clocks because the interval of time for each complete oscillation, called the period, is constant. The GPE (gravitational potential energy) gained after reaching its highest point in its swing, is converted into KE needed for it to return back to its natural point of vertical suspension. Due to this continuous motion, the bob creates an arc shaped swing. The movement of the pendulum is
Summary of the Newtest system
Introduction "Newtest Powertimer is a reliable, versatile, and accurate testing system for testing speed and speed-strength abilities in laboratory or field conditions". (newtest powertimer,2004)Photocells that are used in this piece of equipment have been used for measuring speeds in various sporting activities, including running, golf, javelin and soccer It is also used in a variety of jumping activities and used for the evaluation of upper body explosive force production. Its purpose is to give a measure of the whole body speed. Results Name V 0-10ms V 10-20ms a 0-10ms a 10-20ms P(sj) watts P (dj) watts Matt 5.47 7.76 2.99 .77 161 278 Kulvinder 5.65 7.75 3.19 .6 068 044 Jon 5.58 8.00 3.11 .92 907 993 Charlie 5.43 7.30 2.95 .37 018 033 Angie 4.93 5.91 2.43 0.58 671 732 Velocity increases during 0-10ms the acceleration is greater over the first 10 meters. The static jump is lower on average then the drop jump. It would be expected that the people with greater vertical jump should be quick at sprinting. Summary of the Newtest system Set up Powertimer display unit (0.001sec) Photocell and reflector units Tripods or stands Connection leads. (5 and 30m) Set up Jumping timing system Jon's results The graph shows an increase in speed over the first 10m then his acceleration starts to decrease but is speed (velocity) is still
Database management
ICT Coursework-Databases Background Information The organisations name is Games 4 You and their slogan is "More Games 4 You 4 Less". The founder of Games 4 You is the new upcoming entrepreneur Miles Zest he launched this company 2003 and already the competition is vast with new and old companies trying to achieve what Games 4 You has achieved. The organisation is fairly big with 256 employees across 13 branches in the U.K. also Approximately 560 games, 230 accessories and 20 consoles are sold everyday, most of the branches are in England, 3 in Northern Ireland and 6 in Wales, The company is planning to open stores in most countries in Europe then if thing go to plan go worldwide and open stores in Japan, America and China but they say they need a new system that is efficient to achieve this. The current system Approximately 560 games, 230 accessories and 20 consoles are sold every day but all of these purchases are done on a till and paper so it is paper based and is very inefficient and slow so less purchases are made from high demanding customers. Also the information such as addresses, names, surnames, numbers and receipts are recorded on paper and filed. When stock is finished of a particular item the order to restock it is written on paper and even costumers orders is written on paper and stored. Problems with current system Because of the old system they are losing
Practical Investigation Into Viscosity
Practical Investigation Into Viscosity Aim: To investigate the rate of descent of an object falling through a liquid due to gravity and the factors which affect the viscosity of the liquid. Theory: Viscosity is the resistance a material has to change in form. This property can be thought of as an internal friction. Something which is very important when investigating viscosity is laminar flow. If a fluid or gas is flowing over a surface, the molecules next to the surface (the ones clinging to the walls) have zero speed. As we get farther away from the surface the speed increases. This difference in speed is a friction in the fluid or gas. It is the friction of molecules being pushed past each other. You can imagine that the amount of clinging-ness between the molecules will be proportional to the friction. This amount of clinging-ness is called viscosity. Thus, viscosity determines the amount of friction, which in turn determines the amount of energy absorbed by the flow. Viscosity can be determined in the following way: Work is force times distance and it takes energy to do work whilst power is the energy times time. Imagine a school laboratory filled knee deep with oil. On top of the oil is a large plate of metal that we want to slide across the surface to the other side of the room. If you think about the cube of oil under the metal plate resisting the motion
Investigate the relationship between GPE (Gravitational Potential Energy) and KE (Kinetic Energy) for a trolley or ball rolling down the slope.
GCSE PHYSICS Coursework Data Analysis/Handling-Investigation To investigate the relationship between GPE (Gravitational Potential Energy) and KE (Kinetic Energy) for a trolley or ball rolling down the slope. Candidate Name: Leah McDonald Centre Name: Dunraven School Candidate Number: 7125 Centre Number: 10920 Strategy We were asked to complete an investigation into the energy associated with a trolley rolling down a slope. At first I wasn't sure exactly what question I wanted to investigate so I carried out the following preliminary investigations: Preliminary Experiment 1: Time= 1.28 seconds Average Velocity =50.0/1.28 Using a stop timer still leaves Human error,-human reaction Time. Preliminary Experiment 2: Time=678.49 ms(milliseconds) second = 0.001 ms Time=0.67849 seconds Average Velocity =0.50 0.67849 0.73 m/s NOTE: The data logger was set to 'timing and then 'timing from A to B' Preliminary Experiment 3: Time= 7.36 milliseconds Instantaneous Velocity= 0.01 0.00736 =1.20 m/s NOTE: The data logger was set as 'timing' and then 'timing at A' mode After completing my preliminary experiments, I thought that the most promising ling of investigation was Preliminary Experiment 2, because the Data Logger gives an advantage, which removes the disadvantage of Human Reaction time. makes it more likely for my results to be more accurate. So the
To investigate how the height of a ramp affects the speed of a trolley
Physics Coursework To investigate how the height of a ramp affects the speed of a trolley The aim of the experiment was to investigate how the height of the ramp affected the time it took for the toy car to reach the bottom. Equipment used Ramp- I used the ramp for the trolley to go down -meter ruler- this was used to measure out the height of ramp and for when I was changing the height of the ramp for the investigation Trolley- the trolley was used instead of a toy car because it weighed more than the toy car, and there is enough momentum. Stop watch- This was used to measure the time in which it took the trolley and to run down the desired heights of the ramps Clamp stand- a clamp stand was used to hold up the ramp G clamp- this was used to hold down the ramp stand, because I needed the clamp to be steady. Hypothesis The greater the height of the ramp the more the speed of the trolley would increase. Prediction I predicted that the more the ramp increases in height the more the Change in the speed will also increase. I also think that the relationship between the height of the ramp and the change in speed will be directly proportional. What we done .Firstly I gathered all my equipment that I needed 2.I then assembled the ramp to the first height (10 cm) 3.I made sure the stop clock was ready to start, meaning that it was set on 00:00.00
I am going to use some physics principals to find out the height of the shot; the range of the shot and the initial velocity of the ball
Planning Introduction The experiment was that two video cameras filmed a tennis launcher firing a tennis ball into the sky. One camera was set up near the launcher to get the 7 slides of the ball's motion. Each slide is separated by 0.04 seconds. It was pointing at right angles to the path of the ball. The experiment was repeated with another camera set up far away the launcher to get 25 slides of the ball's motion. Each slide is separated by 0.08 seconds. Aim: I am going to use some physics principals to find out the height of the shot; the range of the shot and the initial velocity of the ball. I will plot the graphs to find patterns of the data then associate the graphs to find out some information. Also I will compare the value of near shot with the value of far shot. Theory: Formulae: a = (v - u) / t t = (v - u) / a v = u + at v2 = u2 + 2as s = ut + 1/2 at2 "s"--Displacement ( metre) "t"--Time ( second) "u"--Initial Velocity ( metre/second) "v"--Final Velocity ( metre/second) "a"--Acceleration ( metre/second2) Prediction These two graphs are drown roughly. And they are based on the data. From the graphs you can find that the near shot was fired at roughly 30°. The far shot was fired at about 40°. Average it that it ball was fired around at 35° (±5°). Rough Calculation: Max Height: From the data of the near shot Average vertical speed = total
Investigation into whether the height of a ramp affects the speed of a trolley travelling down it.
Alex Boultwood 11a Dr. North Investigation into whether the height of a ramp affects the speed of a trolley travelling down it. Aim: In this investigation I will place a trolley at the top of a ramp and then release it. Then I shall try to calculate its speed and from these results I can obtain whether the height of the ramp increases or decreases the speed of the trolley. When the trolley is raised to the top of the ramp, it gains a certain amount of gravitational potential energy as the trolley is released; this energy is converted into kinetic (movement) energy as the trolley moves down the slope. To see what factors may affect the experiment, it may be useful to look at the formula for potential energy. P.E = mhg (where m=mass, h=height and g=gravity) The more potential energy the trolley has got, the faster it will move down the ramp. Therefore the only factors that can affect this experiment are the height of the ramp and the mass of the trolley. The gravity will always stay constant at about 10m/s2. For this experiment I will be investigating if varying the Friction between the ramp and the trolleys wheels, and air resistance will also slightly affect the overall results. Planning Fair testing In my investigation only one variable must be altered at one time. The rest must remain constant to ensure accurate results. Many factors can affect the outcome
