How far do physical factors affect global population distribution?
Global Population Distribution by Atif Khan 10S How far do physical factors affect global population distribution? Global Population Distribution is the spread of people across the world. It can be an even spread or an uneven spread, and it depends on physical and human factors. Human factors include transport, infrastructure, government and employment. Physical factors are climate, relief, water supplies, soil type and resources. Across the world's surface area, most people are living in only small sections of land. This is because not all land has an equal potential for life. Examples of countries with very large populations are India and China. 2 in 6 people across the globe are either Indian or Chinese! However, in a country such as Afghanistan this population density is much lower. We will first study the physical factors that affect population. We will begin with climate. Average Annual Temperatures are important factors of population distribution. If the weather is too hot or too cold, people won't be able to live there. However, if there are no extremes of climate like this, countries are more likely to do well. An example of this is Western Europe. However, extremes of climate are not the only type of climate to affect population distribution. If a country is cold, for example, people are usually more likely to spend money on housing to provide shelter, using up
Mauritius - Case Study Focusing On Population.
Mauritius - Case Study Focusing On Population Mauritius is a small island in the Indian Ocean just off the east coast of Africa. The island was discovered by the Portuguese in 1505 and subsequently colonised by a number of European countries (Britain, France & Holland) before gaining independence in 1968. The European colonies started what is the major economy in Mauritius today - sugar. After the abolition of slavery in Britain (when the island was under British rule) workers were brought from India, which created a wealth of ethnic groups. At the beginning of the 20th century the growth of population in Mauritius was relatively slow. Between 1940-1970 the population exploded and nearly doubled. The main reasons for this are cited as being a sudden drop in the death rate after the eradication of malaria, and an increase in general healthcare. Normally countries with a good economy will have a drop in birth rates after a drop in death rates, but not in Mauritius for various reasons. For example the main religions on the island - Hinduism, Islam and Catholicism - both opposed the use of contraception. Also the average marriage age was extremely low, as this is also a part of Hindu tradition and it also ensures a high fertility rate. In the 1970's the fertility rate was an amazing 6.2 children per woman and the population growth rate was estimated to be 3%, and the mean
Natural resources- Exam questions
Natural resources- Exam questions ) Natural resource's are those environmental 'goods', including the so-called 'free' goods such as air and water, which are available in nature. It refers to a stock (e.g. A forest), which produces a flow of goods (e.g. New tress). Natural resources can be divided into renewable and non-renewable; the level of flow on non-renewable resources(e.g. fossil fuels) is determined economically and politically. Natural resources are culturally defined- we can change our minds about what to use as well as Changing our technical ability to exploit the environment 2) A resource is any physical or virtual thing of limited availability, or anything used to help one earn a living. As resources are very useful, they have a value to them. Resources help to produce goods so they have economic value. Natural resources like forests, mountains etc. are very beautiful so they have aesthetic value. On the other hand, resources have an ethical value as well because it is our moral duty to protect and conserve them for the future generations. There are 3 Main types of resources these are: Natural resources, Human resources and Capital/Material resources. We can assume that there is an extent to which natural resources are essential to a countries economic development. There are numerous examples where this extent is shown, the first being the Middle East. The
Mumbai (formerly Bombay); is widely known as the slum capital of the Asia. These slums have existed in Mumbai since the time of the forts. Dating back to the early 1900s, slums were predominantly found around the mills
'SLUMBAY' Mumbai (formerly Bombay); is widely known as the slum capital of the Asia. These slums have existed in Mumbai since the time of the forts. Dating back to the early 1900's, slums were predominantly found around the mills, nearing the Western part of the island, known as Byculla. They have never undergone infrastructure, planning or implementation of water facilities, sewage or drainage. Health and provisions to these areas have been ignored by the government officials and policy makers. Instead of deteriorating and fading, these slums have spread over a vast area, and have now become part of Mumbai's landscape. The problem of overcrowding brought about a rise in the growth of slums during the 18th century. The large scale industrialization and rapid increase in the number of mills attracted people from the country, especially from rural areas, into the city, which was ill prepared and did not have the resources to feed a mounding population. The birth of slums was a response to the increasing population. The poor capacity of housing facilities in the city is a major drawback. People are drawn to the city due to the major disputes between the urban and rural income rates. There are other reasons to the fast growing formation of slums in the city of Mumbai. As the population grew, it took over land that was used for traditional purposes. Those driven out of their
Assess the impact of out of town retailing areas in the regions in which they occur
Assess the impact of out of town retailing areas in the regions in which they occur Out of town has become a relatively new trend within the UK and research conducted has found that 48 per cent of everything we now buy in UK food stores is bought in out of town stores - premises that are more than 25,000 square feet in size. Out of town shopping centres sprang up with the increase of cars and personal mobility: in 1960 39.5% of UK households had no cars but by 2000 this had drastically fallen to 27.4%. The growth of better transport links such as rail, bus and tram opened up a new world to consumers and they were more able to travel away from the CBD e.g. to shopping centres on the outskirts of cities. Whereas shops selling convenience goods were traditionally based in residential and suburban areas and the local population would have easily been able to access them by foot by all those in the immediate city. The national shop vacancy rate has risen to 14.5 per cent with many smaller centres in the north of the country reporting vacancy rates above 30 per cent - Recent CBRE analysis has found that sales densities at retail parks are as good if not better than many shopping centres in the country and profitability is much higher than in comparable town centres. Out of town retailing is arguably a more convenient experience which guarantees a better profit for the retailer.
Examine how and why the Economy of China has changed in the last 30 years
Examine how and why the Economy of China has changed in the last 30 years Through Mao's reign, China became increasingly isolated from the rest of the world. Political policies such as the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution had a major, and in some people's opinion, negative influence on China's development. One of the main problems was the difficulty of managing a huge economy centrally. After death of Mao in 1976, Deng Xiaoping (the new leader) introduced the Open Door policy, which was designed to overcome China's isolation from the world economic powers. He recognised that central planning was ineffective as there were too many tiers of responsibility. Deng noticed that the world and neighbouring nations were developing quickly, and leaving China behind. China moved towards a socialist market economy. Today China's leaders are focused and determined on 'economic growth at all costs'. Between 1949 to the late 1970's, manufacturing in China was undertaken by mostly 'State-Owned Enterprise (SOE's). These were mainly heavy industries, for example, power (Shenzhen Energy), iron and steel. Once Deng took over in 1978, focus turned to productivity, which forced SOE's to reform. A key incentive towards independence in the market economy was enabling SOE's to keep some of their profits. Industry quickly replaced agriculture as the leading growth sector in 1980's as
Suggest why some areas need re-branding
Suggest why some areas need re-branding (10) Plan: De-industrialisation because cheaper labour abroad - leads to becoming derelict +brownfield sites Economic and industrial decline because of decline in primary and secondary employment. Needed due to loss of function e.g. docks or mining. Cycle of poverty leading to deprivation, unemployment, poor housing and social problems. Re-branding is the referred to as Rebranding is the process of giving a product or an organization a new image, in order to make it more attractive or successful. Firstly, some areas may fell the need to rebrand as because more and more companies are globalizing and moving their labour abroad to take advantage of cheaper labour in places like East Asia and so on, more and more factories where these companies used to make their products are closing down for this reason and so leaving behind a so called “brownfield site”, which firstly looks ugly and eventually ruins the environment around as there is a possibility that chemicals and/or waste from the factories could make its way into the environment, contaminating nature around it. Which will lead local authories the need to rebrand and reimage the site. Second, Economic and Industrial decline will lead to more factories and industries going out of business and leaving factories or empty shops which will lead to high streets becoming derelict
To What Extent is the Pattern of Population Distribution in Countries of the LEDW more linked to Physical Conditions than to Economic Conditions?
To What Extent is the Pattern of Population Distribution in Countries of the LEDW more linked to Physical Conditions than to Economic Conditions? On one hand the pattern of population distribution in the LEDW is linked to physical, rather than economic conditions. These two conditions, however go hand in hand sometimes. For example in Nicaragua, recently there were huge hurricanes that swept across the countryside destroying thousands of homes and causing huge debts for the country. The people of Nicaragua had to relocate as their homes were no longer there, plus they didn't have enough money to rebuild their lives properly. However the situation in Nicaragua was a climatic condition not a physical one. I will now look at two countries in the LEDW that have both physical and economical factors that link to the pattern of population distribution. In countries such as Brazil the rainforest is a huge physical feature that takes up almost two thirds of the country. So millions of people locate in and around Cities such as Rio de Janeiro, and Sao Paulo. This causes the infamous shanty towns or Favelas to spring up all around the cities. The people who have relocated to the Favelas also moved there because they believed the city to be an area where there were many jobs and the pay was good. Unfortunately they were wrong, however this means they moved because of physical and
With reference to examples, discuss the overall effectiveness of urban regeneration schemes
With reference to examples, discuss the overall effectiveness of urban regeneration schemes Many inner cities have suffered from urban decline in the past 30 years due to many reasons. In response to this urban decline many local governments have introduced urban regeneration schemes. The effectiveness of these schemes depends on the location, the type of scheme and the way it helps the community. One city that has a substantial amount of urban decline is Liverpool. This is mainly due to the de-industrialisation of the area due to the decline of shipbuilding and general industry such as the sugar making company 'Tate and Lyle'. Between 1971 and 1983 manufacturing jobs were cut by one third meaning the unemployment rate was high in this area of the city. With the decline of manufacturing, the city had many abandoned docks, warehouses and industrial areas/material leading to general environmental degradation of the area. Liverpool is the only urban area in the UK which can claim to have been host to every major urban regeneration policy experiment introduced in the past 35 years. One particular scheme was The Eldonians which was an attempt at creating a sustainable community. The Eldonians is a community run redevelopment situated on the site of an old sugar refinery in the Vauxhall area of Liverpool. The Eldonian village is a housing cooperative built in 1983 as a
Rebranding in the london docklands: case study
London Docklands Evidence of Rebranding Jumping straight to the point, rebranding has 1occurred and is currently taking place in various 'hot spot' locations to try to give the area a new modern feel. The chairman of the London Docklands Development Corporation, Sir Michael Pickard, said himself that, '16 years ago, the Isle of Dogs was an isolated, tightly knit community seemingly in the grip of irreversible decline. Today, massive investment from both the public and private sectors has transformed the area. There are new schools, health centers and homes, park and playgrounds, new road and rail links, and nearly 1.4 million square meters of commercial and industrial development, over 80% of which rented. The new residents and businesses have brought a fresh lifeblood to the Island.' So it is obvious that rebranding has taken place, but to what extent and where has it happened. The first information study I am going to look at is a place check form, here it will become more apparent which areas have undergone rebranding to a higher extent than others. So looking at fig.1.1, is an area called Felstead Wharf is reported to have high quality modern housing, with adjacent car parks provided. From the information in the photo and also the report, one can deduce that this area, once holding low quality housing for the working class population of the Docklands, has now been
