The Scott Report and the Making of the Modern Countryside - 'How penetrating was the Scott report's analysis of rural problems and what were the consequences of its recommendations?'
The Scott Report and the Making of the Modern Countryside 'How penetrating was the Scott report's analysis of rural problems and what were the consequences of its recommendations?' Nineteenth century Britain violently swung from being a predominantly agricultural society to being the "workshop of the world". Such a dramatic shift led to ramifications in all British factions especially the countryside. The Scott Report otherwise known as the Majority Report was published in 1942. It summed up the complex changes that had been taking place in rural England during the preceding half-century, and set out a series of plans and recommendations for the government to subsequently follow. The Report has been sited as the most influential document concerning the English countryside of the twentieth century. It has, however, not been without criticism. Many have been damning in their condemnation of the catastrophic impact it has had on the countryside in the following half century. Why is this so? The Scott Report was primarily the product of four men; Scott, Stamp, Hudson and Reath. The integrity of each has been called into question as much as the Report itself. Questions have even arisen whether the alleged author Scott actually wrote the report. Each contributor's bias, some would claim, is clearly visible in the message the report conveys. Hudson, for example, the Minister of
Cold environments may be developed in a sustainable manner. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Cold environments may be developed in a sustainable manner. To what extent do you agree with this statement? I disagree with this statement more than I agree with it. Cold environments in the world that were previously wilderness areas have undergone development, and nearly all of them have proved to be unsustainable. In the alpine areas, the mountains are a major magnet because of the scenery and the wide variety of winter sports that can take place there. The Alps have been developed as a tourist area. Although tourism benefits the area economically, it is socially and environmentally unsustainable. Tradition and culture has been eroded away because many young people now go down the mountains into urban areas in search of jobs. Even though the tourist industry has encouraged many young farmers to diversify out of rural and primary activities, many people still leave. Aside from that, the tourist industry brings with it unwanted pollution and litter and also causes footpath erosion. The tourist industry is also a potential hazard to the mountains and villages because the winter sports activities taking place there may cause avalanches. In the tundra or arctic regions, development has not been sustainable either, also both environmentally and socially. Gold, and particularly oil exploration and exploitation have scarred the fragile landscape. In 1968, the Trans-Alaskan
With reference to examples, evaluate the success of the schemes that have been implemented in an attempt to solve the problems of housing in cities in LEDC's
With reference to examples, evaluate the success of the schemes that have been implemented in an attempt to solve the problems of housing in cities in LEDC's Housing for the poor in the LEDC's are a great problem for the local authorities and this stands for most great LEDC cities such as, Chennai in India, Cairo, and Rio de Janeiro. The problems have arose from urbanization where the rural population has internally migrated to the cities in order for work in which they are not skilled enough to get. Therefore they have had to live in Shantytowns/Favelas/Slums. Chennai (formerly Madras) as a result of urban migration and high birth rates have caused a rapid increase in the population of Chennai although the rate has decreased in recent years the rapid growth has been mirrored by a rapid growth of slums in Chennai. Now about one third of the population lives in slums with the housing been made out of mud and coconut thatch. The Housing Board and the Slum Clearance Board initial schemes involved the building of four to six storey tenements however these largely failed due to poor maintenance and the lack of uptake as the disadvantaged could not afford high rents. Also if lower rents were implied the schemes would have been too costly. After the failure of these schemes the organizations implied new schemes and that was the upgrading of the slums by providing one bath and
Greenhouse Effect Research Assignment.
Greenhouse Effect Research Assignment The Greenhouse Effect is a controversial issue in society today. It is generalised as "global warming", because the "Greenhouse Effect" is said to be the result of a 'blanket' - made up of gases such as water vapour and carbon dioxide - forming over Earth like a greenhouse. Glass in a greenhouse will let the sunlight in, but absorb and retain the heat; thus increasing the temperature of the atmosphere within the greenhouse. Therefore, the "Greenhouse Effect" is the warming of the Earth's surface at a greater rate than would normally occur without the 'blanket' present. Some problems that many scientists have blamed on the Greenhouse Effect are a rising global temperatures, thus rising sea levels from the melting of polar ice caps, changes in vegetation, and unusual weather patterns. Of course, many argue that global warming is a natural process, but some people go as far as placing sole blame on human activity for the Greenhouse Effect. In between these two extremes, there is the theory of the "Enhanced Greenhouse Effect". This theory explains that human activity is enhancing the Greenhouse Effect, because we are continually adding heat-trapping greenhouse gases to the atmosphere by way of factory emissions, vehicle emissions, etc. Such gases include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, chlorofluorocarbons, methane and ozone. The
Discus to the extent to which you believe Carlisle floods 2005 were the result of intense rainfall rather than the physical characteristics of the drainage basin
Discus to the extent to which you believe Carlisle floods 2005 were the result of intense rainfall rather than the physical characteristics of the drainage basin January 2005 was a major even for Carlisle, as there was a major event. The rainfall was immensely high from the 6th to the 8th of January, during which two months of rainfall, although the previous days had high rainfall. During the flood, the rivers such as Eden, Kent and Derwent were the highest on record. The flood peaked in the upper parts of the Eden and Derwent catchments in the early hours of January 8th. In Carlisle, the River Eden peaked at an estimated 1520 m3/s at the Sheepmount Gauging Station at 140hrs on the 8th of January. This flow had returned again after approximately 175 years. Many geologists and people could say that the floods were cause by human impact, but in reality, that would be unlikely, but not impossible. It would not have been one of the major factors that cause the floods in Carlisle. However for example if, the vegetation in the river or around the river basin was removed or cut down, for the use of more land, or materialistic things, this could have affected the velocity of the river, as vegetation such as trees, act as an interception in the river causing its velocity to slow down. Also the land around the river basin is grassland and arable farming, especially in the valleys, so
Discuss the degree to which the theory of plate tectonics is supported by seismic and volcanic activity
Discuss the degree to which the theory of plate tectonics is supported by seismic and volcanic activity. The theory of plate tectonics suggests that the earth's lithosphere is split into plates (as shown in map 1). At their boundaries the plates submerge, diverge and slide past one another, this movement is caused by convection currents in the asthenosphere. The idea that the plates are moving is not new, as early as 1620 the English philosopher Francis Bacon was aware that the continents seemed to fit together. In 1912 Wegener suggested that the continents were once joined as the super continent Pangaea (as seen in image 4) and that they had drifted apart, he gathered a large amount of evidence to support this theory. Continents appear to fit together, more significantly so if continental shelves are taken to be the true edges of the land mass. There is a vast array of geological evidence that includes similar glacial deposits being found in Antarctica, S. America and India. Antarctica, Svalbard, N. America and the UK all contain coal deposits of a similar age that were formed in tropical conditions, they are no longer in tropical climate zones. Biological evidence is also available, Marsupials are only found in Australia because the predator that wiped them out elsewhere had not migrated there before it drifted away from the main super continent. Despite this evidence,
Factors affecting rates of population change across the world.
Alex Calloway Factors affecting rates of population change across the world Throughout the world today, ones can see huge differences in rates of population change, from massive population growth rates to a gradual decline in population. There are some countries in the world today, where the rate of population change is extremely low and such a situation can occur for a number of reasons. When one reads of population growth or decline, it is impossible to avoid discussion of China's one child policy. However, this policy is an extreme violation of human rights and is limited to just one country and so should not form the basis of a discussion of population growth rates or as an example of a country with low growth rates. Instead, it seems apt to concentrate on those countries where government influence is not so draconian or tyrannical. Italy is one country with a negative rate of population change and does provide an example of many reasons why this situation can occur. Following the Second World War, Italy experienced a rapid process of industrialisation, geographically concentrated in the North, given Italy's current level of development and its late beginnings, it is simple to imagine how quickly the process occurred, as this graph, taken from www.thetimes.co.uk, shows. This development gave the citizens of Italy much improved health care provision, which in turn
Discuss the impacts of the influx of foreigners and immigrants into Singapore.
Discuss the impacts of the influx of foreigners and immigrants into Singapore. All of a sudden, the floodgates were flung open and Singapore was swarmed by foreigners who now make up 36 percent of Singapore’s population. To make up for Singapore’s small and ageing population, the government started introducing foreign talents and workers into Singapore. This influx of foreigners and immigrants has led to both positive and negative impacts such as falling productivity, depletion of Singapore’s skilled manpower and rising economic growth. Firstly, falling productivity due to rising competition is one of the impacts of the influx of foreigners. The question to be asked is this, are enough jobs being created for this influx in the present? If not, then we have a situation where an increasing pool of people is competing for a fixed number of jobs. Artificial and rapid population boosts without a proportional increase in jobs will lead to detrimental side effects such as depressed wages, lowered quality of life and lack of social well being. Foreigners who are semi-skilled and semi-professional do not bring anything extraordinary to Singapore that cannot be found locally. These foreigners end up competing with the local Singaporeans on what has traditionally been their economic turf. Many bright and talented local graduates have now resorted to selling insurance or
Examine the impacts of UK retirement migration to the Mediterranean on the source and host regions?
Examine the impacts of UK retirement migration to the Mediterranean on the source and host regions? The ageing population from the UK (the source) are migrating in considerable numbers to the Mediterranean (The host) an example of this is Spain, and this had both positive and negative impacts on the source and hosts. There are a number of positives for the source country. One positive is there is less of a burden on the countries services, examples of this being healthcare and housing, with the ageing population moving to the Mediterranean this requires less money to be spent upon an elderly population which invariably need more healthcare treatment and this helps to reduce economic costs. The movement abroad also reduces the dependency ratio in Britain as there are less dependent people for the economical active to support and this is a benefit to the source country which is Britain as it reduces the economic burden on the country. However the movement of the elderly population to the Mediterranean also has negative impacts on the source country. One example of this is the breakup of families as the older population moves away; with grandparents moving abroad this can cause family problems in Britain and can in some cases make families more dysfunctional. The movement of grandparents abroad also take away the possibility of free childcare and this is a negative impact as
Volcanic & Seismic events are pieces of evidence proving that the plate tectonics theory is valid
Volcanic & Seismic events are pieces of evidence proving that the plate tectonics theory is valid The plate tectonics theory was put forward by Alfred Wegener suggesting that the continents were at one point all conjoined in one supercontinent known as Pangaea. He then suggested that Pangaea had drifted apart through the movement of plates to give us the current position of continents we have today. Wegener's theory was linked to a variety of evidence, however it took further research and evidence for this to become a leading theory. This means that although volcanic and seismic events help to prove the plate tectonics theory valid, there is also a range of other factors involved. Vulcanicity is the surface presence of Magma within the Earth's crust. Whereas seismicity is where the build up of pressure in the crust is released. Both volcanic and seismic activty when plotted on a map can be seen to follow certain patterns and it is this distribution that helps explain the plate theory. The distributions of earthquake events are found in broad, uneven belts around plate margins and it is the movement of the plates that cause the seismic events. Most of these earthquakes occur along destructive margins, where the heavier oceanic crust descends underneath continental crust. A build up of pressure here, where no subduction takes place for a space of time, eventually leads to a
