In this experiment I aim to find out how the force and mass affect acceleration. I shall do this by setting up an experiment involving a ticker tape timer and trolley.
Method In this experiment I aim to find out how the force and mass affect acceleration. I shall do this by setting up an experiment involving a ticker tape timer and trolley, to keep the experiment as fair as possible I will only change one variable at a time. For the first part I will only vary the force (see fig. 1) in difference weights of 1N, 2N, 3N and 4N. In order to keep the friction acting on the trolley constant I will make the ramp which the trolley is on at the exact angle so it would keep moving at constant speed if I pushed it, this simulates no friction. Also I will keep the mass of the trolley constant by weighing it on a top pan balance. Finally the ticker timer was kept at constant time intervals. Aswell as varying the force I decided to vary the mass of the trolley in masses of an extra; 100g, 200g, 300g and 400g. However as in the first part I have to keep the other variables constant, the force pulling on the trolley must stay at 1N and in the same way as before also the friction and time intervals. Another thing that I would usually take into consideration is that the experiment should be repeated to give better results, however this is not important because the ticker timer and trolley give very accurate results. After setting up the apparatus to give fair results I will carry out four sets of ticker timers for the force and then for the mass of the
Investigating the amazingness of theBouncing Ball!
Physics A2 Coursework Investigating the amazingness of the Bouncing Ball! In this investigation I will lead you through my experiments and findings on the decaying bounce of balls. From this investigation I want to have worked out the effect of temperature change on the decaying bounce of a ball. However, at first I will have to choose suitable variables for this experiment. First of all I had to distinguish a method for measuring the heights reached by the bouncing ball. My initial idea was to have a white ball bounce against the backing of a grided black board, so as the ball bounced I'd mark out where the ball bounces. Using a light gate the second time, I'd make sure that the ball did indeed reach that point. However, the ball wouldn't bounce to the exact same height every time, as the ball may bounce sideways and so the height reached would change. Where I mark out the height depends on my eye level and how quick I am to mark out this height may be delayed by i.e./ how tired I am at the time. This method is very prone to error. Another method that may have worked would be to have metal claws, interlocking however not making contact ie. like a grid, but with a charge running through them. A metal or a ball wrapped with tin foil or just a thin layer of metal on the outside of a ball would be bounced onto this grid. Each time the metal plated ball bounces
Squash Ball and Temperature Investigation
Squash Ball and Temperature Investigation Aim This investigation will be looking at what factors affect the bounce of a squash ball (in terms of how high it bounces). Hypothesis Having applied my knowledge of the kinetic theory, I believe that the squash ball will bounce higher as the temperature gets higher up to a certain degree. Then, however, I believe that after a certain temperature, the ball will begin to melt and therefore, the bounce of the ball will decrease. Prediction To understand what happens to a ball when it is dropped, we must look at the physics behind it relating to the energy transfers. When you hold a ball above a surface, the ball has potential energy. Potential energy is the energy of position, and it depends on the mass of the ball and its height above the surface (the higher the ball is and the heavier the mass of the ball is, the more potential energy it possesses). The formula for calculating potential energy is PE = mgh where m is the mass in kilograms, g is the gravitational acceleration constant of 9.8m/s2, and h is the height of the ball in metres. As the ball falls through the air, the potential energy changes to kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. The formula for calculating kinetic energy is KE = 1/2 mv2, where m is the mass in kilograms and v is the velocity (or speed) in m/sec2. Both potential and kinetic energy
Prove that "Frictional Forces are Surface dependant".
We were given a coursework question asking us to prove that "Frictional Forces are Surface dependant". We were asked to prove this. I have therefore thought of several ways to do so; > I thought of throwing different objects across different surfaces. > I thought of using an elastic band to throw a block of wood, 4.5cm X 4.5cm x 4.5cm, across a certain surface with a certain length; 1.25 metres. I thought of making the surface as my independent variable and the block of wood as my dependant variable. > I also thought of performing the above procedure but instead of using different types of surfaces, I thought I would use several types of blocks of different material, but all of the same weight. And using the rubber band, throw it across a surface of ceramic. I have decided to merge the two ideas, and came up with the following idea and procedure; My idea was that I could use two 5cm x 5cm x 5cm blocks, one of wood, and the second of plastic foam. I intend to try them on several different types of surface; wood, ceramic, marble, carpet (with a certain thickness which I shall state later on), and glass. All of which are 1.00metres (100cm) in length. I intend to use the surfaces as my independent variables, and the blocks as my dependant variables. I intend to prove that the type of surface, makes a lot of difference in the velocity (speed) of the block, and that due to
This investigation is associated with the bounce of a squash ball. I will be investigating 4 different types of squash balls.
Contents Page Planning 2 Background Knowledge 2 Pressure 2 The Equation Of State 3 The Kinetic Theory Of Gases 4 More Physics Of Balls 4 Resilience 5 How Ball Is Made 6 Testing Of The Ball 7 Ball Behaviour 8 Sources For Background Knowledge 9 Variables 10 Temperature 10 Surface The Ball Is Dropped On To 10 Height Ball Is Dropped From 10 Rebound Height 10 Decisions On Variables 10 Prediction 11 Proposed Method 14 Preliminary Testing 16 Drop Height 17 How Many Temperatures 17 Precautions 18 Safety 18 Fairness 18 Accuracy 18 Reliability 18 Method 19 Diagram 19 Step By Step Procedure 19 Analysis 24 Evaluation 26 Planning This investigation is associated with the bounce of a squash ball. I will be investigating 4 different types of squash balls, which have different, bounce properties and compare them to each other and relate them to why each different type of squash ball is used. The relationship will be associated with how different balls are used at different levels of proficiency in the game of squash i.e. the squash balls that don't bounce much will probably used at a less proficient level whereas the balls with the most bounce will be used at professional level. The different coloured squash balls I will be using are; white, yellow, red and blue, and I will be finding out what the difference is between them. Background Knowledge Pressure
Physics Coursework: To investigate the Oscillations of a mass on a spring
Physics Coursework: To investigate the Oscillations of a mass on a spring Aim: In this physics coursework, I'm here to investigate the oscillations of a mass of a spring. In this investigation, the oscillation means the wave moving with periodic regularity. In this investigation, I can use any mass and many springs, so that I can investigate the oscillations. Variables: I believe there are many factors or variables, which can affect the time for 1 oscillation. These can be: * Mass of weight - I believe it will have a very big impact on the time for oscillations. * Number of springs - The number of springs will affect the affect the time for oscillations a lot just like the number of mass, because of the strength of the springs, and this depends on the number of springs. The number of springs can affect the strength of springs and this depends on the arrangement of the springs, which will be shown much more detailed below. * Arrangement of springs - First of all, there are 2 ways to arrange the springs, and they are: Series or Parallel. Springs in series extend further than springs in parallel. Also, during the trial experiment I discovered that springs in parallel do not extend in a straight line, they move from side to side and the springs can be tangled up and this could be a major problem. Therefore, this would affect the time taken to complete the given
"Oh My Elbow - Investigation Into Force Applied To Elbow Joint".
"OH MY ELBOW - INVESTIGATION INTO FORCE APPLIED TO ELBOW JOINT" 1 AIM 1 DIAGRAM 1 PRELIMINARY WORK 1 VARIABLES 2 FAIR TEST 2 RANGE OF OBSERVATIONS 2 SAFE WORKING 2 SOURCES OF ERROR 3 METHOD ONE 3 METHOD TWO 3 CHOSEN METHOD 4 EQUIPMENT 4 PREDICTION 4 HYPOTHESIS 4 Simplistic View 5 More Complex View 6 Even More Complex View 7 Most Complex View 9 RESULTS 14 ACTUAL METHOD USED 14 ANALYSIS OF RESULTS 15 EVALUATION + CONCLUSIONS 19 Suitability of Procedures Used 19 Anomalous Results 21 Why My Results Were Slightly Different From My Calculated Results 21 Sources of Error 22 Accuracy 23 Limitations + Improvements 23 Reliability 24 Final Thoughts 24 DATA SOURCES AND REFERENCES 24 "Oh My Elbow - Investigation into Force Applied To Elbow Joint" Aim The intention of this investigation is to investigate the force needed by the biceps in the arm as the forearm is held at different positions, and more precisely to test the variation of force with the angle of the forearm to the vertical. Diagram Preliminary Work Before going into any theoretical observations or calculations, I conducted some preliminary work, so I could roughly identify what was going to happen in the investigation. To do this I held a dumbbell in my hand, and then changed to angle to the vertical so I could get a grasp of what I was measuring. I found there to be little change with
Strength of a string practical investigation
Strength of a string practical investigation This coursework assignment requires me to collect, analyse and evaluate data about the strength of manila string. It entails investigating the young's modulus of the string and other methods to complete my investigation. Aims: . To collect data on the strength of manila string by conducting a practical experiment. 2. To calculate figures of young's modulus for the manila string and draw stress and strain graphs from the data calculations 3. To discuss the physics involved Plan: In this investigation I will collect results on the extension of manila string when certain forces are applied to it, for which I will analyse and calculate the young's modulus. The results I will collect are for twisted manila string, I will collect three sets of results for one strand, two strands and three strands of manila string. The data will be averaged to give more accurate results and these averaged results will be used to create graphs, calculate young's modulus of string and I will analyse the graphs to complete my investigation. I will be drawing force and extension graphs from the averaged data. I will also calculate the stress and strain values and plot this on a graph. I will analyse both graphs and if any patterns exist I will analyse them to make judgements and conclusions. I will use Microsoft excel spreadsheet program to make
Investigate how the weight of an object affects the force required to overcome friction.
PHYSICS COURSEWORK: THE EFFECT MASS HAS IN RELATION TO STATIC AND DYNAMIC FRICTION AIM: To investigate how the weight of an object affects the force required to overcome friction. PLANNING: Background information Friction, in mechanics, is the resistance to the sliding, rolling, or flowing motion of a body in relation to another body with which it is in contact. In any solid the molecules show internal friction. This form of friction is the force that causes any oscillating object, such as a piano string or a tuning fork, to stop oscillating. Internal friction in liquids and gases is called viscosity. There is also external friction and there are two kinds of this, sliding friction and rolling friction. In sliding friction, the resistance is caused by the interference of irregularities on the two surfaces. In rolling friction the resistance is caused by the interference of small deformations formed as one surface rolls over another (see figures 1, 2 and 3). In both forms of friction molecular attraction between the two surfaces causes some resistance. It is said that the pressures at the contact points of two surfaces are very high, and it is thought that the molecules are pushed into such close proximity that the attractive forces between them weld the surfaces together at these points (see figure 4). The friction between two objects is at a
Trolley Speed
Factors affecting the speed of a trolleycoae ae" . "r se" . ae . "ae" . "w or". ae . " " . ae . "k inae foae " . ae . ". Travelling down a ramp Factors such as; type of surface of ramp, height of ramp, weight/mass of trolley and the gradient or angle of a ramp all affect the speed of a trolley as it travels down a ramp. For instance a trolley may accelerate faster down a ramp on smooth wood rather than on carpet because carpet might provide greater friction for the tyres rather than the smooth wood. Out of all these factors, I am going to pick just 1 factor and alter it 5 different times, doing 3 trials for each time. We have also done some preliminary work on ticker - timers, so in my investigation I am going to expand on the notion of ticker - timers and incorporate my knowledge of ticker - timers in to this investigation. Aim: To investigate the relationship between the speed of the trolley as it travels down the ramp and the gradient of the ramp.coed ed" . "r se" . ed . "ed" . "w or". ed . " " . ed . "k ined foed " . ed . ": Hypothesis: I believe that the speed of the trolley travelling down the ramp will increase as the gradient of the ramp is increased. This is because of several different factors. One of these factors is Potential energy. Potential energy is stored energy possessed by a system as a result of the relative positions of the components of that
